TOPONYMIC STRUCTURE OF DUGI OTOK

Suvremeni toponomastički korpus Dugog otoka slabo je poznat. Izuzmu li se prilozi Petra Skoka i izolirani pokušaji etimološke interpretacije likova pojedinih toponima, može se bez bojazni ustvrditi da on do danas nije bio sustavno istraživan. U ovom prilogu autor pokušava, na temelju cjelokupne popisane građe in situ i prema načelima suverenih toponomastičkih istraživanja, datisumarni prikaz stanja sadašnje dugootočke toponimije.Ovaj prikaz, zbog svoje kratkoće, ne zahvaća sve razine analize, niti respektira sva metodološka načela toponomastičke prezentacije. Izostavljeni su veliki dijelovi korpusa, numerička identifikacija, kartografska prezentacija i kazala. On prema tome predstavlja samo pogled na toponomastičku građu, a ne njezin popis, opis i cjelovitu prezentaciju. Zbog toga je izvršen izbor toponimijskih jedinica koje su uzete u obradu. Napravljen je tako da uzima u obzir one elemente prikaza koji su i u dosadašnjim toponomastičkim radovima najpristupačniji čitatelju, a to su referenti (stvarni objekti u prirodi, sistematizirani po načelu zemljopisne rasprostranjenosti) i toponimski likovi koji identificiraju te referente. Prikazani su referenti podmorja, obalne crte, otočnog kopna i artefakta. Od jezičnih činjenica, zatečenih u toponimskim likovima, sumarno je prikazan slijed jezičnih nadslojevanja i utjecaja. Da bi ovaj pogled bio što koherentniji u uvodnome dijelu dani su osnovni podaci o Dugom otoku. Oni se odnose na zemljopisne značajke Otoka, na naselja, njihov smještaj i imena njihovih stanovnika, te na distribuciju toponimijske građe s obzirom na povijest naseljavanja Otoka. Bilo je prijeko potrebno to učiniti da se vidi postoji li korespondencija između jezičnih i nejezičnih činjenica. Ta se korespondencija pokazala evidentnom činjenicom.The current toponymical corpus of Dugi Otok is not well known. With the exception of Petar Skok and some isolated attempts at etymological interpretation of the features of individual toponyms, it can be stated, beyond any doubt, that it has not yet been systematically studied. By basing it on the total listing of the material in situ, according to the principles of the present-day toponomastic researches, the author tries to give a summary imagery of the state the present toponymy of Dugi Otok is in. This account does not cover all the levels of the analysis, nor does it respect all the methodologic principles of the toponomastic presentation. Large parts of corpora, numeric identification, cartographic presentation and table of contents are omitted. Therefore, due to its conciseness, it represents only a glance at the toponomastic material (and) not its list, description and total presentation. Therefore, a choice of toponymic items was taken for elaboration. It considers the elements of the representation, which are in such toponomastic works the most open to reason of the reader, namely, the references (the real objects in nature, systematized by the principle of geographical distribution) and toponymic features which identify those references. They present the undersea references, seacoast features, island relief and artifacts. The linguistic facts found in the toponymic images are presented summarily in sequences of the linguistic overlaying and influences. To make this aspect more coherent the basic data of Dugi Otok are given in the introductory part of this work. They refer to the geographical characteristics of Dugi Otok, to villages, their site and the names of their inhabitants and to the distribution of the toponymic materials with regard to the history of settling Dugi Otok (Long Island). This was necessary to see whether there is correspondence among the linguistic and non-linguistic facts. This correspondence has been evident by the facts

JERKO SKRAČIĆ - CROATIAN WRITER IN THE SHADOW OF MEMORY (THE SHORT STORIES "THE SUNNY ISLANDS")

U ovome je članku predstavljena zbirka novela Osunčani otoci Jerka Skračića. Autor najprije predstavlja dvije novele koje su prethodile toj zbirci iz 1943. godine. Novele, "Braco" i "Kolporter" ukazuje na dvije dominantne odrednice Skračićeve buduće novelistike: obitelj kao sadržaj i dramatsku strukturu sadržaja. Zbirka Osunčani otoci ima tri razdjela. U prvome ("Sjene uspomena") J. Skračić u ja-formi donosi sjećanja iz svog djetinjstva. U drugom razdjelu ("Osunčani otoci"), u novelama "jednog dana", Skračić piše o događajima i trenutnim krizama svijesti usamljenih ljudi na Kornatskim otocima. Treći razdio ("Selo u brizi") romaneskne su, štoviše dramatske, priče iz obiteljskog života u jednom zatvorenom seoskom svijetu. Novele ova dva razdjela napisane su u trećem licu. Jedan dio novela J. Skračića strukturiran je u skladu s glavnim teorijskim postulatima toga tipa proze. Izvjestan je broj priča, međutim, komponiran na romanesknoj, vremenski duljoj, matrici. Razlog je tomu dramatska psihološka situacija pojedinih likova, poglavito naglašena obiteljskim odnosima te stajalištu obitelji spram seoskoj sredini. J. Skračić kao pisac, a po uzoru na velike francuske i ruske noveliste, ostaje nepristranim svjedokom događanja. No ne može se ne uočiti njegova empatija sa sviješću likova u krizi, ali ni "tužni i ironični" pogled na svijet u kome žive.This paper presents a collection of short stories entitled "The Sunny Islands" written by Jerko Skračić. The author first deals with two short stories which preceded the collection from 1943. The short stories "Braco" and "Kolporter" point out at two dominant characteristics of Skračić\u27s future literary work: the family theme and the dramatic structure of the theme. The collection "The Sunny Islands" consists of three parts. In the first part ("The Shadows of Memories" – "Sjene uspomena"), Skračić evokes his childhood memories in the style of first-person narrative. In the second part ("The Sunny Islands" – "Osunčani otoci"), in one-day short stories, J. Skračić describes the events and writes about the crisis of consciousness of the lonely people on the Kornati Islands. The third part ("The Worried Village" – "Selo u brizi") are romanesque, moreover, dramatic stories from a family life in a closed village world. The short stories in the latter two sections are written in the style of third person narrative. One part of Skračić\u27s short stories is structured in accordance with the main theoretical postulates of this type of prose. Some of them, however, are composed on a romanesque, time wise longer, matrix. The reason for this is the dramatic, psychological situation of the characters, especially emphasised in the family relationships and the family attitude to the rural surroundings. J. Skračić as a writer, drawing on the great French and Russian novelists, remains an impartial witness to the events. However, his empathy for the consciousness crisis of the characters cannot remain unnoticed as well as his "sad and ironic" view of the world in which they live

Linguistic Analysis of English Advertising Slogans in Yachting

The paper discusses the linguistic characteristics of yachting slogans, short messages that advertise sail and power boats, boating equipment and services in nautical magazines. The objective of the paper has been to identify and describe the language features of yachting slogans at phonological, lexical, syntactic and semantic level, with due attention drawn to the functionality of these messages in comparison with the messages relayed by slogans in other trades. The study has revealed that, due to the specific market niche, most yachting slogans tend to use specific language devices and discourse. The qualitative analysis has enabled familiarisation with the principles of creating advertising slogans in yachting and their most prominent strengths and weaknesses. Hence professionals involved in designing and releasing advertising slogans may also find the results of the study useful

Quels noms d\u27îles cache la forme Katautrebeno de Porphyrogénete?

Koji otok ili otoke označava Porfirogenetova sintagma Katautrebenol Većina lingvista i povjesničara smatra da se prvi dio sintagme Katau/Katan odnosi na Tkon, u prošlosti ime za naselje i čitav otok Pašman. No, s obzirom na to da su Pašman i Ugljan - u trenutku kad Porfirogent piše svoje djelo bili jedno kopno - onda i na Ugljan. Za drugi dio sintagme, trebeno, uglavnom nema prijedloga. Autor pokušava odgovoriti na ovo pitanje, analizirajući stanje na terenu i uvažavajući spoznaje dasadanjik istraživanja, osobito one do kojih je došao S. Cače (1999). Smatra, međutim, da se u svim pokušajima identifikacije sustavno ispušta iz vida činjenica da u Komatima, uz prolaz Proversu, postoji otok čije je ime i svojim oblikom i svojom starošću najbliže Porfirogenetovu Katanu. Riječ je o otoku Katini.Le syntagme Katautrebeno de Porphyrogenete designe-t-il une ou deux iles? La majorite des linguistes et des historiens considere que sa premiere partie Katau/ Katan se rapporte a Tkon, autrefois le nom de la localite et de l\u27ile de Pa.man. Puisque au moment ou Porphyrogenete redige son ouvrage (Xe s.) Pa.man et Ugljan font une seule ile, la forme identifie lfile dfUgljan aussi. La deuxieme partie du syntagme - trebeno - est toujours reste sans attribution serieuse. Lf auteur cherche, lui-aussi, a repondre a cette question en analysant la situation geographique et en prenant en cosideration les resultats de chercheurs precedents, notamment ceux de S. .a.e (1999). Apres une analyse exhaustive, il constate qufaucune epreuve dfidentification, faite jusqu\u27a present, ne tenaient compte de l\u27ile de Katina dans l\u27archipel de Kornati, situee entre Dugi otok et Kornat, et qui par sa forme et son contenu peut etre rapprochee a Katan de Porphyrogenete

Tenant Farmers\u27 Economy in the Kornati National Park Protected Area

Budući da se Nacionalni park Kornati prostire na otocima koji su bili u privatnom vlasništvu nasljednika onih koji su kornatski posjed obrađivali u kolonatskom odnosu, a da se o interesima vlasnika nije vodilo računa u izradi prostornih planova, autor se pozabavio ovim specifičnim kolonatskim gospodarstvom u zaštićenom prostoru Nacionalnog parka. Rad je nastao preradom jednog dijela studije izrađene za potrebe izmjene i dopune prostornog plana. Glavni je cilj bio odrediti mjesto i ulogu kolonatskog posjeda u zaštićenom prostoru Nacionalnog parka Kornati, te mjesto i ulogu vlasnika u sustavu zaštite. Međutim , zbog toga jer ovaj problem nije bio predmetom znanstvenih i stručnih istraživanja prilog uglavnom zastaje na identifikaciji >>praznina« koje valja popuniti budućim istraživanjima. Kornatske je otoke isprva zadarska komuna, u čijem su vlasništvu bili, davala u zakup svojim bogatim građanima, a oni su ih opet davali u različite tipove podzakupa svojim kolonima - najčešće stanovnicima Dugog Otoka. Novi koloni, Murterani (stanovnici otoka Murtera, koji su i danas vlasnici gotovo četiri petine površine Kornata) došli su sa svojim stadima na kornatski pašnjak 1627. godine u potrazi za novim životnim prostorom (zbog prenapučenosti matičnog otoka uvjetovane pristizanjem mase prebjega pred Turcima). Bivši su koloni kornatski pašnjak otkupili u tri navrata počam od druge polovice 19. stoljeća, ali su vlasnici plodnih oranica ostali stanovnici Dugog Otoka. Koloni su bili težaci i pastiri bez ikakvih obrtnih i proizvodnih sredstava te potpuno isključeni iz ribolova. Dapače, Kornatari nisu imali domicil na tim otocima nego na matičnom otoku što je uvjetovalo nastanak tzv. prekomorskog, kolonatskog, modela upravljanja posjedom, posebnu arhitekturu, način života za vrijeme boravka na posjedu itd. U međuvremenu posjed je isparceliran i kako je proglašenjem Nacionalnog parka stvorena atmosfera mogućeg njegovog gubitka, autor prikazuje aktualno stanje i zalaže se za zaštitu posebnih interesa vlasnika na način koji neće dovesti u pitanje opći interes i zaštitu prirode.Since the Kornati National Park spreads on the islands which were private property of heirs of the people who used to farm the land on Kornati as tenants, and as the interests of the real proprietors were not taken into consideration in the making of physical plans of the area, the authors of this paper dealt with the specific tenant farmers\u27 economy in the National Park protected area. The paper was made by reworking one part of a study made for the pm·pose of modification and amendments of the physical plan of the area. Its main aim was to define the place and the role of the tenant\u27s land in the National Park Kornati protected area as well as the place and the role of the tenants within the system of protecting. Yet, as this problem has never been the subject matter of scientific and professional researches, this paper remains on the plane of identification of the ••gaps« that need to be filled in through future researches. At first, the commune of Zadar, who was the proprietor of Kornati islands, rented them to its wealthy citizens who then sublet them to their tenant farmers, most often the inhabitants of Dugi Otok island. The new tenant farmers, the inhabitants of the island Murter (who are even today owners of almost four fifths of the Kornati area), in search of a new space to live (as their island become overpopulated because of the massive inflow of refugees escaping from the Turks) brought their flocks to Kornati pasture in 1627. Since the second half of the 19th century the former tenants have three times bought the Kornati pasture back, but the inhabitants of Dugi Otok remained the owners of fertile arable fields. The tenants were farm labourers and herdsmen without any production means and completely excluded from fishing. Moreover, their domicile wasn\u27t on any of Kornati islands but on their home island and that caused the so-called over-seas, tenant\u27s model of land property manageme nt, a specific architecture, the way of living during the stay on the estate etc. In the meantime the estate was parcelled out into small plots and as by the proclamation of the National Park the atmosphere of uncertainty for the property arose, the authors give the account of the present situation pleading the proprietors\u27 particular interests to be protected in a way that will not jeopardize the general interest and the narure protection

Learning Services and Tools for Blind and Visually Impaired People

Slijepi i slabovidni pojedinci se suočavaju s brojnim preprekama prilikom školovanja. Na tržištu je prisutan veliki broj pomagala prilagođenih slijepim i slabovidnim osobama. Brojni od tih uređaja koriste se svakodnevno te samim time trebaju biti što je više moguće prilagođeni radu, navikama i potrebama slijepih i slabovidnih osoba. Unatoč tome što se svakodnevno radi na unaprjeđenju takve tehnologije, korisnici se i dalje suočavaju s poteškoćama prilikom korištenja. Usmjeravanjem i poticanjem korisnika ovih alata dobiti ćemo ravnopravne članove društva, a razvojem tehnologije stvara se što više alata koje će slijepe i slabovidne osobe u želji za znanjem iskoristiti na najbolji mogući način.Blind and visually impaired people face many obstacles during their education. The market is filled with numerous training aids designed especially for the blind and partially sighted. Many of these devices are in the everyday use, therefore should be customized as much as possible to the work, habits, and needs of the blind and visually impaired. Despite the fact that that kind of technology undergoes improvements and upgrades on a continuous basis, users still face difficulties in their everyday use. With provided direction and encouragement of the users of these tools, we will get equal society members, while further development of the technology shall create more tools. The latter will then help blind and visually impaired people - with the thirst for knowledge - to use them in the best possible way