Гликоделин – потенциальный биомаркер злокачественных опухолей

Objective of the study to analyze and summarize the available data on the role of glycodelin in carcinogenesis and its expression in various cancers.Material and Methods. A literature search was conducted in Medline, PubMed Central, NCBI databases in the time interval from January 1983 to October 2019 using the key words glycodelin and cancer. Of the 104 publications found, 21 were used to write the review.Results. This paper presents the overview of the findings in current research focusing on the properties of glycodelin, the major lipocalin protein of the human reproductive system. Some lipocalins are known to play a key role in cancer development as well as influence signaling pathways in the regulation of cell motility, differentiation and neovascularization. Most likely they can be used as cancer markers. Glycodelin A is determined in serum and, due to its special immunoregulatory properties, can serve as a useful prognostic marker and a promising target for future anti-cancer therapies. The presence of glycodelin A in breast cancer tissue is known to be mostly linked to a better prognosis than is attributed to glycodelin-negative tissue, as glycodelin is a protein typical of differentiated tissue. On the other hand, glycodelin might play a role in neovascularisation, thereby promoting tumor growth. Glycodelin is a biomarker of aggressive malignant pleural mesothelioma and a prognostic biomarker of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer at late stages. Glycodelin hyperexpression is associated with brain metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma, and its determination can be used as an additional prognostic factor.Conclusion. The review refects basic scientifc data and results of clinical trials, as well as identifes future prospects that allow the development of new methods for cancer detection and treatment. It should be noted that glycodelin plays an important role in tumor development, progression, angiogenesis, and the formation of distant metastases, and therefore can serve as a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker. Further studies of the functional properties of glycodelin are needed to develop promising strategies in cancer therapy. Цель исследования ‒ анализ и обобщение имеющихся данных о роли гликоделина в канцерогенезе и его экспрессии при различных видах рака.Материал и методы. Поиск соответствующих источников проводился в системах Medline, PubMed Central, NCBI по ключевым словам glycodelin и cancer. Ввиду ограниченного количества публикаций по исследуемой теме анализировали все данные, опубликованные с января 1983 г. по октябрь 2019 г. Из найденных на эту тему 104 публикаций 21 была включена в обзор.Результаты. В работе представлены результаты современных исследований, посвященных изучению свойств основного липокалина репродуктивной системы человека – гликоделина. Известно, что некоторые липокалины играют ключевую роль в развитии рака, а также влияют на сигнальные пути регуляции клеточной подвижности, дифференцировки и процессов неоваскуляризации. Предположительно, их можно использовать в качестве онкомаркеров. Гликоделин А определяется в сыворотке и благодаря своим особым иммунорегуляторным свойствам может служить полезным прогностическим маркером и перспективной мишенью для будущих терапевтических вмешательств. Известно, что при раке молочной железы наличие гликоделина А характеризует высокую степень дифференцировки клеток опухоли и является биомаркером более благоприятного прогноза. В то же время он играет существенную роль в неоангиогенезе. Гликоделин является биомаркером агрессивной злокачественной мезотелиомы плевры, а также вспомогательным прогностическим биомаркером метастатического немелкоклеточного рака легких на поздних стадиях. Гиперэкспрессия гликоделина ассоциирована с метастазированием в мозг при аденокарциноме легких, и ее определение может быть использовано как дополнительный прогностический показатель.Заключение. В обзоре отражены фундаментальные научные данные и результаты клинических исследований, а также определены дальнейшие перспективы, позволяющие разработать новые методы диагностики и терапии опухолей. Следует отметить, что гликоделин играет важную роль в развитии, прогрессировании опухоли, ангиогенезе и формировании отдаленных метастазов и, следовательно, может служить полезным диагностическим и прогностическим маркером. Необходимы дальнейшие углубленные исследования функциональных свойств гликоделина для разработки перспективных стратегических направлений в онкотерапии.

2021 Thalassaemia International Federation Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia

Beta-thalassemia and particularly its transfusion-dependent form (TDT) is a demanding clinical condition, requiring life-long care and follow-up, ideally in specialized centers and by multidisciplinary teams of experts. Despite the significant progress in TDT diagnosis and treatment over the past decades that has dramatically improved patients' prognosis, its management remains challenging. On one hand, diagnostic and therapeutic advances are not equally applied to all patients across the world, particularly in several high-prevalence eastern regions. On the other, healthcare systems in low-prevalence western countries that have recently received large numbers of migrant thalassemia patients, were not ready to address patients' special needs. Thalassaemia International Federation (TIF), a global patient-driven umbrella federation with 232 member-associations in 62 countries, strives for equal access to quality care for all patients suffering from thalassemia or other hemoglobinopathies in every part of the world by promoting education, research, awareness, and advocacy. One of TIF's main actions is the development and dissemination of clinical practice guidelines for the management of these patients. In 2021, the fourth edition of TIF's guidelines for the management of TDT was published. The full text provides detailed information on the management of TDT patients and the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnostic approach, and treatment of disease complications or other clinical entities that may occur in these patients, while also covering relevant psychosocial and organizational issues. The present document is a summary of the 2021 TIF guidelines for TDT that focuses mainly on clinical practice issues and recommendations

Examination of sleep in relation to dietary and lifestyle behaviors during Ramadan: A multi-national study using structural equation modeling among 24,500 adults amid COVID-19

Background Of around 2 billion Muslims worldwide, approximately 1.5 billion observe Ramadan fasting (RF) month. Those that observe RF have diverse cultural, ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds and are distributed over a wide geographical area. Sleep is known to be significantly altered during the month of Ramadan, which has a profound impact on human health. Moreover, sleep is closely connected to dietary and lifestyle behaviors. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data using a structured, self-administered electronic questionnaire that was translated into 13 languages and disseminated to Muslim populations across 27 countries. The questionnaire assessed dietary and lifestyle factors as independent variables, and three sleep parameters (quality, duration, and disturbance) as dependent variables. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine how dietary and lifestyle factors affected these sleep parameters. Results In total, 24,541 adults were enrolled in this study. SEM analysis revealed that during RF, optimum sleep duration (7–9 h) was significantly associated with sufficient physical activity (PA) and consuming plant-based proteins. In addition, smoking was significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance and lower sleep quality. Participants that consumed vegetables, fruits, dates, and plant-based proteins reported better sleep quality. Infrequent consumption of delivered food and infrequent screen time were also associated with better sleep quality. Conflicting results were found regarding the impact of dining at home versus dining out on the three sleep parameters. Conclusion Increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables, and plant-based proteins are important factors that could help improve healthy sleep for those observing RF. In addition, regular PA and avoiding smoking may contribute to improving sleep during RF

Wie viel investiert Deutschland in die Digitalisierung?

Hat Deutschland die Digitalisierung verschlafen? Eine Übersicht über die digitalen Strategien der Bundesregierung und ihre Umsetzungsstrategie, einschließlich digitalen Kompetenzen, Infrastruktur und Ausstattung, Innovation und digitale Transformation, Gesellschaft im digitalen Wandel und einen modernen Staat

Wie viel investiert Deutschland in die Digitalisierung?

Hat Deutschland die Digitalisierung verschlafen? Eine Übersicht über die digitalen Strategien der Bundesregierung und ihre Umsetzungsstrategie, einschließlich digitalen Kompetenzen, Infrastruktur und Ausstattung, Innovation und digitale Transformation, Gesellschaft im digitalen Wandel und einen modernen Staat