50 research outputs found
Trade, Trust and Institutions
To investigate the relation between trust and formal institutions, we analyze bilateral trade patterns in a sample of 16 European countries between 1996-2009. Trust in trading partners has a significant positive effect on bilateral trade. However, our results suggest that trust and formal institutions are substitutes, as the positive effect of trust on trade is conditional on the quality of formal institutions. When the institutional quality of the importing country increases, the effect of trust on trade decreases, and eventually becomes insignificant. The decline in the effect of trust on trade is less when the exporting country’s institutional quality improves.trust, international trade, institutional quality
Models of massive gravity in three dimensions
De geaccepteerde theorie van de zwaartekracht is de algemene relativiteitstheorie, ontwikkeld door Einstein in 1917. Deze theorie voorspelt de werking van de zwaartekracht zeer nauwkeurig, ondanks het feit dat Einstein niet beschikte over precieze meetgegevens toen hij zijn theorie vormgaf. Puur geluk? Het blijkt van niet. Past men Einstein's theorie namelijk aan, dan stuit men al snel op grote problemen. Een van die problemen is het ontbreken van unitariteit, de garantie dat de kansen van alle mogelijk uitkomsten in een systeem optellen tot een. De algemene relativiteitstheorie lijkt de enige bruikbare theorie. In dit proefschrift gaan we toch op zoek naar alternatieven voor de algemene relativiteitstheorie. Daarbij proberen we vooral om unitariteit in stand te houden. We richten ons in het bijzonder op modellen voor zwaartekracht in 2+1 dimensies met een massief graviton
Three-Dimensional Tricritical Gravity
We consider a class of parity even, six-derivative gravity theories in three
dimensions. After linearizing around anti-de Sitter space, the theories have
one massless and two massive graviton solutions for generic values of the
parameters. At a special, so-called tricritical, point in parameter space the
two massive graviton solutions become massless and they are replaced by two
solutions with logarithmic and logarithmic-squared boundary behavior. The
theory at this point is conjectured to be dual to a rank-3 Logarithmic
Conformal Field Theory (LCFT) whose boundary stress tensor, central charges and
new anomaly we calculate. We also calculate the conserved Abbott-Deser-Tekin
charges. At the tricritical point, these vanish for excitations that obey
Brown-Henneaux and logarithmic boundary conditions, while they are generically
non-zero for excitations that show logarithmic-squared boundary behavior. This
suggests that a truncation of the tricritical gravity theory and its
corresponding dual LCFT can be realized either via boundary conditions on the
allowed gravitational excitations, or via restriction to a zero charge
sub-sector. We comment on the structure of the truncated theory.Comment: 37 pages, 2 figures; v2: added reference; published versio
Meten is weten anno 2015 : Ontwikkeling van de WUR Minimale Data Set tot 2015 voor het meten van bodemkwaliteit in de open teelten als basis voor verdere ontwikkeling.
Binnen deze studie hebben we informatie verzameld over indicatoren welke de kwaliteit van landbouwgronden (productiefunctie) afbeelden. We hebben een overzicht gemaakt van beschikbare indicatorsets voor bodemkwaliteit. En vandaaruit hebben we in discussies met onderzoekers en adviseurs eerst een longlist aan indicatoren gemaakt die vervolgens omgewerkt is tot een korte lijst van direct toepasbare indicatoren door boeren
A Non-relativistic Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory from a Holographic Point of View
We study a fourth-order derivative scalar field configuration in a fixed
Lifshitz background. Using an auxiliary field we rewrite the equations of
motion as two coupled second order equations. We specialize to the limit that
the mass of the scalar field degenerates with that of the auxiliary field and
show that logarithmic modes appear. Using non-relativistic holographic methods
we calculate the two-point correlation functions of the boundary operators in
this limit and find evidence for a non-relativistic logarithmic conformal field
theory at the boundary.Comment: 17 pages, v2 : refs. adde
Unitary Truncations and Critical Gravity: a Toy Model
We investigate a higher-derivative scalar field model in a fixed d+1
dimensional AdS background as a toy model for a gravitational dual to a
higher-rank logarithmic CFT. The holographic two-point correlation functions on
the boundary agree with higher-rank LCFT correlation functions. For odd rank,
the theory allows for a truncation to a nontrivial subspace with non-negative
scalar product. We discuss possible implications for higher-derivative critical
gravity theories.Comment: 23 pages. As accepted for publication in JHE
Small chromosomal regions position themselves autonomously according to their chromatin class
The spatial arrangement of chromatin is linked to the regulation of nuclear processes. One striking aspect of nuclear organization is the spatial segregation of heterochromatic and euchromatic domains. The mechanisms of this chromatin segregation are still poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the link between the primary genomic sequence and chromatin domains. We analyzed the spatial intranuclear arrangement of a human artificial chromosome (HAC) in a xenospecific mouse background in comparison to an orthologous region of native mouse chromosome. The two orthologous regions include segments that can be assigned to three major chromatin classes according to their gene abundance and repeat repertoire: (1) gene-rich and SINE-rich euchromatin; (2) gene-poor and LINE/LTR-rich heterochromatin; and (3) genedepleted and satellite DNA-containing constitutive heterochromatin. We show, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 4C-seq technologies, that chromatin segments ranging from 0.6 to 3 Mb cluster with segments of the same chromatin class. As a consequence, the chromatin segments acquire corresponding positions in the nucleus irrespective of their chromosomal context, thereby strongly suggesting that this is their autonomous property. Interactions with the nuclear lamina, although largely retained in the HAC, reveal less autonomy. Taken together, our results suggest that building of a functional nucleus is largely a self-organizing process based on mutual recognition of chromosome segments belonging to the major chromatin classes
Duration of untreated psychosis and negative symptoms — A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data
Understanding management gurus and historical narratives: The benefits of a historic turn in management and organization studies
A historic turn in organization studies requires a basic theoretical understanding of ‘doing history’ and an appreciation of the centrality of narrative in history. Following the cultural turn in history, narrativist historians and philosophers of history such as Hayden White, Frank Ankersmit and Paul Ricoeur have made the case that narrative is an essential and unavoidable component in history. We demonstrate the persuasive capacity of narrative through a narrativist critique of three best-selling ‘management gurus’. This analysis illustrates the following: (1) the narrative features of popular organizational theories; (2) the basis of the success of guru literature; and (3) why gurus and organizational scientists themselves do not understand the narratological mechanisms behind their success. Finally, we maintain that historical narrativism offers the possibility for positioning organizational history as a highly relevant field for management academics, gurus and even managers, providing support for a historic turn