Experiencias de triangulación en el ámbito educativo: búsquedas y re-creaciones del concepto

Este trabajo presenta aportes y desafíos en relación a los procesos de triangulación en investigación social y educativa sobre la base de un proyecto finalizado en el marco de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Carrera de Ciencias de la Educación (Ubacyt). Este proyecto está referido al estudio de la red de condiciones que facilitan u obstaculizan la construcción de demandas educativas de los individuos y grupos sociales por una “Educación Permanente” a lo largo de toda la vida”. La problemática investigada tiene su anclaje en el diagnóstico de la situación de pobreza educativa de la población joven y adulta de Argentina. Se busca desentrañar, a través de diferentes líneas de trabajo, la “caja negra” de los procesos históricos, sociales e individuales que dan cuenta de la reproducción o ruptura de esta situación de pobreza y del principio de avance o ventaja acumulativa en educación.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

A Watermelon mosaic virus clone tagged with the yellow visual maker phytoene synthase facilitates scoring infectivity in melon breeding programs

This research was supported by grants BIO2014 54269-R, AGL2014 53398-C2 2-R, BIO2017 83184-R, and AGL2017 85563-C2 1-R from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (co-financed FEDER funds)Aragones, V.; Pérez De Castro, AM.; Cordero, T.; Cebolla Cornejo, J.; López Del Rincón, C.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; Daros Arnau, JA. (2019). A Watermelon mosaic virus clone tagged with the yellow visual maker phytoene synthase facilitates scoring infectivity in melon breeding programs. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 153:317-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-01621-xS317323153Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., & Lipman, D. J. (1990). Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology, 215(3), 403–410.Azevedo-Meleiro, C. H., & Rodriguez-Amaya, D. B. (2007). Qualitative and quantitative differences in carotenoid composition among Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima, and Cucurbita pepo. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(10), 4027–4033.Bedoya, L. C., Martínez, F., Orzáez, D., & Daròs, J. A. (2012). Visual tracking of plant virus infection and movement using a reporter MYB transcription factor that activates anthocyanin biosynthesis. Plant Physiology, 158(3), 1130–1138.Brown, R. N., Bolanos-Herrera, A., Myers, J. R., & Jahn, M. M. (2003). Inheritance of resistance to four cucurbit viruses in Cucurbita moschata. Euphytica, 129(3), 253–258.Cordero, T., Cerdán, L., Carbonell, A., Katsarou, K., Kalantidis, K., & Daròs, J. A. (2017a). Dicer-Like 4 is involved in restricting the systemic movement of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 30(1), 63–71.Cordero, T., Mohamed, M. A., López-Moya, J. J., & Daròs, J. A. (2017b). A recombinant Potato virus Y infectious clone tagged with the Rosea1 visual marker (PVY-Ros1) facilitates the analysis of viral infectivity and allows the production of large amounts of anthocyanins in plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 611.Cuevas, H. E., Staub, J. E., Simon, P. W., & Zalapa, J. E. (2009). A consensus linkage map identifies genomic regions controlling fruit maturity and beta-carotene-associated flesh color in melon (Cucumis melo L.). TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 119(4), 741–756.Desbiez, C., & Lecoq, H. (2004). The nucleotide sequence of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, Potyvirus) reveals interspecific recombination between two related potyviruses in the 5′ part of the genome. Archives of Virology, 149(8), 1619–1632.Desbiez, C., & Lecoq, H. (2008). Evidence for multiple intraspecific recombinants in natural populations of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, Potyvirus). Archives of Virology, 153(9), 1749–1754.Formisano, G., Roig, C., Esteras, C., Ercolano, M. R., Nuez, F., Monforte, A. J., & Picó, M. B. (2012). Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: An unexploited resource for summer squash breeding. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59(6), 1169–1184.Gibson, D. G., Young, L., Chuang, R. Y., Venter, J. C., Hutchison 3rd, C. A., & Smith, H. O. (2009). Enzymatic assembly of DNA molecules up to several hundred kilobases. Nature Methods, 6(5), 343–345.Gilbert, R. Z., Kyle, M. M., Munger, H. M., & Gray, S. M. (1994). Inheritance of resistance to watermelon mosaic virus in Cucumis melo L. Hortscience, 29(2), 107–110.Gur, A., Gonda, I., Portnoy, V., Tzuri, G., Chayut, N., Cohen, S., et al. (2016). Genomic aspects of melon fruit quality. In R. Grumet, N. Katzir and J. García-Mas (Eds.), Genetics and genomics of the Cucurbitaceae (pp. 377–408), Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Juarez, M., Legua, P., Mengual, C. M., Kassem, M. A., Sempere, R. N., Gómez, P., Truniger, V., & Aranda, M. A. (2013). Relative incidence, spatial distribution and genetic diversity of cucurbit viruses in eastern Spain. Annals of Applied Biology, 162(3), 362–370.López-González, S., Aragonés, V., Daròs, J. A., Sánchez, F., & Ponz, F. (2017). An infectious cDNA clone of a radish-infecting Turnip mosaic virus strain. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 148(1), 207–211.Majer, E., Daròs, J. A., & Zwart, M. P. (2013). Stability and fitness impact of the visually discernible Rosea1 marker in the tobacco etch virus genome. Viruses, 5(9), 2153–2168.Majer, E., Llorente, B., Rodríguez-Concepción, M., & Daròs, J. A. (2017). Rewiring carotenoid biosynthesis in plants using a viral vector. Scientific Reports, 7, 41645.Olives Barba, A. I., Cámara Hurtado, M., Sánchez Mata, M. C., Fernández Ruiz, V., & López Sáenz de Tejada, M. (2006). Application of a UV-vis detection-HPLC method for a rapid determination of lycopene and β-carotene in vegetables. Food Chemistry, 95(2), 328–336.Ouibrahim, L., Mazier, M., Estevan, J., Pagny, G., Decroocq, V., Desbiez, C., Moretti, A., Gallois, J. L., & Caranta, C. (2014). Cloning of the Arabidopsis rwm1 gene for resistance to Watermelon mosaic virus points to a new function for natural virus resistance genes. The Plant Journal, 79(5), 705–716.Paris, H. S. (2016). Genetic resources of pumpkins and squash, Cucurbita spp.. In R. Grumet, N. Katzir y J. García-Mas (eds.), Genetics and genomics of the Cucurbitaceae (pp. 111–154), Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Passeri, V., Koes, R., & Quattrocchio, F. M. (2016). New challenges for the design of high value plant products: Stabilization of anthocyanins in plant vacuoles. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 153.Pitrat, M. (2016). Melon genetic resources: Phenotypic diversity and horticultural taxonomy. In R. Grumet, N. Katzir y J. García-Mas (eds.), Genetics and genomics of the Cucurbitaceae (pp. 25–60), Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Qin, X., Coku, A., Inoue, K., & Tian, L. (2011). Expression, subcellular localization, and cis-regulatory structure of duplicated phytoene synthase genes in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Planta, 234(4), 737–748.Revers, F., & García, J. A. (2015). Molecular biology of potyviruses. Advances in Virus Research, 92, 101–199.Rodamilans, B., Valli, A., Mingot, A., San León, D., Baulcombe, D., López-Moya, J. J., & García, J. A. (2015). RNA polymerase slippage as a mechanism for the production of frameshift gene products in plant viruses of the Potyviridae family. Journal of Virology, 89(13), 6965–6967.Schaefer, B. C. (1995). Revolutions in rapid amplification of cDNA ends: New strategies for polymerase chain-reaction cloning of full-length cDNA ends. Analytical Biochemistry, 227(2), 255–273.Thole, V., Worland, B., Snape, J. W., & Vain, P. (2007). The pCLEAN dual binary vector system for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. Plant Physiology, 145(4), 1211–1219.Zhang, Y., Butelli, E., & Martin, C. (2014). Engineering anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 19, 81–90

Algunas reflexiones acerca del proceso de formación en investigación de estudiantes de grado y posgrado

En diversos proyectos dentro del programa de investigación dirigido por la Dra. María Teresa Sirvent en el marco de subsidios UBACYT, venimos trabajando desde hace más de diez años analizando diversas fuentes empíricas que nos han permitido construir categorías didácticas acerca de la formación de investigadores nóveles. Luego, sumamos las tareas del equipo de trabajo conformado por varios docentes de la UNER que nos permitieron enriquecer esas categorías en el marco de una carrera diferente con una propuesta de trabajo final de tesina para la obtención del título de grado. Las cuestiones de una Pedagogía y Didáctica de la investigación han sido y siguen siendo entonces parte de las preocupaciones compartidas por los dos equipos de investigación de UBA y UNER. En esta oportunidad, queremos compartir las reflexiones fruto de diálogos y debates con los compañeros de las cátedras y los tesistas a quienes acompañamos en diversos espacios de grado y posgrado. Una de las características principales del oficio científico es que los aprendizajes de este quehacer se constituyen tanto en el interior como en el exterior de una institución, o sea que es posible observar una cultura de formación de investigadores asociada a estas entidades, un modo de actuar que favorece u obstaculiza estos aprendizajes, y que revela la actitud de una comunidad respecto a la producción de conocimiento y a la formación para el oficio. Estos contextos de enseñanza tienen particularidades que consideramos necesario explicitar. Si bien es posible validar algunas categorías en los diversos espacios porque hay cuestiones comunes que hacen a la formación del investigador, hay aspectos propios del contexto que dan sentido a las interpretaciones que se presentan en este trabajo.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Resistant sources and genetic control of resistance to ToLCNDV in cucumber

[EN] Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a severe threat for cucurbit production worldwide. Resistance has been reported in several crops, but at present, there are no described accessions with resistance to ToLCNDV in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). C. sativus var. sativus accessions were mechanically inoculated with ToLCNDV and screened for resistance, by scoring symptom severity, tissue printing, and PCR (conventional and quantitative). Severe symptoms and high load of viral DNA were found in plants of a nuclear collection of Spanish landraces and in accessions of C. sativus from different geographical origins. Three Indian accessions (CGN23089, CGN23423, and CGN23633) were highly resistant to the mechanical inoculation, as well as all plants of their progenies obtained by selfing. To study the inheritance of the resistance to ToLCNDV, plants of the CGN23089 accession were crossed with the susceptible accession BGV011742, and F-1 hybrids were used to construct segregating populations (F-2 and backcrosses), which were mechanically inoculated and evaluated for symptom development and viral load by qPCR. The analysis of the genetic control fit with a recessive monogenic inheritance model, and after genotyping with SNPs distributed along the C. sativus genome, a QTL associated with ToLCNDV resistance was identified in chromosome 2 of cucumber.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, cofunded with FEDER funds (project nos. AGL2017-85563-C2-1-R and RTA2017-00061-C03-03 [INIA]) and by PROMETEO project 2017/078 (to promote excellence groups) by the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esports (Generalitat Valenciana).Sáez-Sánchez, C.; Ambrosio, LG.; Miguel, SM.; Valcarcel Germes, JV.; Díez Niclós, MJTDJ.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; López Del Rincón, C. (2021). Resistant sources and genetic control of resistance to ToLCNDV in cucumber. Microorganisms. 9(5):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms90509131179

Angolan vegetable crops have unique genotypes of potential value for future breeding programmes

[EN] A survey was carried out in Angola with the aim of collecting vegetable crops. Collecting expeditions were conducted in Kwanza-Sul, Benguela, Huila and Namibe Provinces and a total of 80 accessions belonging to 22 species was collected from farmers and local markets. Species belonging to the Solanaceae (37 accessions) and Cucurbitaceae (36 accessions) families were the most frequently found with pepper and eggplant being the predominant solanaceous crops collected. Peppers were sold in local markets as a mixture of different types, even different species: Capsicum chinense, C. baccatum, C. frutescens and C. pubescens. Most of the eggplant accessions collected belonged to Solanum aethiopicum L. Gilo Group, the so-called 'scarlet eggplant'. Cucurbita genus was better represented than the other cucurbit crops. A high morphological variation was present in the Cucurbita maxima and C. moschata accessions. A set of 22 Cucurbita accessions from Angola, along with 32 Cucurbita controls from a wide range of origins, was cultivated in Valencia, Spain and characterised based on morphology and molecularity using a set of 15 microsatellite markers. A strong dependence on latitude was found in most of the accessions and as a result, many accessions did not set fruit. The molecular analysis showed high molecular variability and uniqueness in the collected accessions, as shown by their segregation from the set of global controls. In summary, the material collected is quite valuable because of its uniqueness and the potential of the breeding characteristics it possesses.This work, project A1/039611/11, was funded by the Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional para el Desarrollo (Spanish Agency of International Cooperation for the Development).Domingos, J.; Fita, A.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; Sifres Cuerda, AG.; Daniel, IH.; Salvador, J.; Pedro, J.... (2016). Angolan vegetable crops have unique genotypes of potential value for future breeding programmes. South African Journal of Science. 112(3):114-125. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/97771S114125112

Evaluación de la competencia transversal “Responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional” a través de una e-rúbrica en el laboratorio

[ES] El proceso de convergencia hacia el Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior ha puesto de relieve la importancia del dominio de competencias transversales (CTs) durante la formación universitaria. Dichas competencias confieren al estudiante la capacidad de innovación y de adaptación a los cambios, siendo su adquisición necesaria para la vida profesional. En la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, se han redactado 13 CTs que aúnan las competencias de la normativa vigente y las de las agencias de acreditación. En nuestro grupo de innovación educativa estudiamos diferentes métodos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y evaluación de las competencias transversales en asignaturas relacionadas con las ciencias de la vida. En concreto, en este trabajo presentamos una propuesta para evaluar la CT “Responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional”. Esta competencia pretende la obtención de conocimientos, habilidades, destrezas y actitudes útiles para interactuar con el entorno, de forma ética, responsable y sostenible, ante uno mismo y los demás. Las asignaturas relacionadas con las ciencias de la vida y, en particular, sus créditos de laboratorio, resultan un marco idóneo para la adquisición de dicha competencia. Nuestra propuesta de evaluación de la misma se basa en una rúbrica que ha de ser cumplimentada por los pares a través de una aplicación telemática.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por un Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa concedido por el Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación de la Universitat Politècnica de València.Bañuls Polo, M.; López Gresa, MP.; Cebolla Cornejo, J.; Díez Niclós, MJTDJ.; Esteras Gómez, C.; Ferriol Molina, M.; González Martínez, MÁ.... (2015). Evaluación de la competencia transversal “Responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional” a través de una e-rúbrica en el laboratorio. En In-Red 2015 - CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DE DOCENCIA EN RED. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2015.2015.154

Graph based study of allergen cross-reactivity of plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) using microarray in a multicenter study.

The study of cross-reactivity in allergy is key to both understanding. the allergic response of many patients and providing them with a rational treatment In the present study, protein microarrays and a co-sensitization graph approach were used in conjunction with an allergen microarray immunoassay. This enabled us to include a wide number of proteins and a large number of patients, and to study sensitization profiles among members of the LTP family. Fourteen LTPs from the most frequent plant food-induced allergies in the geographical area studied were printed into a microarray specifically designed for this research. 212 patients with fruit allergy and 117 food-tolerant pollen allergic subjects were recruited from seven regions of Spain with different pollen profiles, and their sera were tested with allergen microarray. This approach has proven itself to be a good tool to study cross-reactivity between members of LTP family, and could become a useful strategy to analyze other families of allergens

Graph based study of allergen cross-reactivity of plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) using microarray in a multicenter study.

The study of cross-reactivity in allergy is key to both understanding. the allergic response of many patients and providing them with a rational treatment In the present study, protein microarrays and a co-sensitization graph approach were used in conjunction with an allergen microarray immunoassay. This enabled us to include a wide number of proteins and a large number of patients, and to study sensitization profiles among members of the LTP family. Fourteen LTPs from the most frequent plant food-induced allergies in the geographical area studied were printed into a microarray specifically designed for this research. 212 patients with fruit allergy and 117 food-tolerant pollen allergic subjects were recruited from seven regions of Spain with different pollen profiles, and their sera were tested with allergen microarray. This approach has proven itself to be a good tool to study cross-reactivity between members of LTP family, and could become a useful strategy to analyze other families of allergens

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection