Perceived Cultural Importance and Actual Self-Importance of Values in Cultural Identification

Cross-cultural psychologists assume that core cultural values define to a large extent what a culture is. Typically, core values are identified through an actual self-importance approach, in which core values are those that members of the culture as a group strongly endorse. In this article, the authors propose a perceived cultural importance approach to identifying core values, in which core values are values that members of the culture as a group generally believe to be important in the culture. In 5 studies, the authors examine the utility of the perceived cultural importance approach. Results consistently showed that, compared with values of high actual self-importance, values of high perceived Cultural importance play a more important role in cultural identification. These findings have important implications for conceptualizing and measuring cultures.Psychology, SocialSSCI53ARTICLE2337-3549

Nanostructured Polyphenol-Mediated Coating: a Versatile Platform for Enzyme Immobilization and Micropollutant Removal

Catechol-amine codeposition can improve the stability of a mussel-inspired coating layer (e.g., dopamine, tannic acid, gallic acid) but its superior performance on enzyme immobilization has not been studied yet. For the first time, a tannic acid-3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane (TA-APTES) coating was investigated for carrier activation and subsequent enzyme loading via covalent bonding. During the coating process, nanoparticles were generated by the reaction between APTES and TA, and then in situ assembled and adhered to the carrier surface, resulting in a hierarchical nanostructure. The TA/APTES ratio and coating time greatly affected enzyme loading and specific activity by changing the nanoparticles' amount/size and available quinone groups of oxidized TA. The nanoparticles offered more area (i.e., specific surface area) for enzyme loading and reaction, while the quinone groups were responsible for covalently binding the enzyme. The TA-APTES coating showed much better performance in enzyme immobilization than glutaraldehyde, genipin, and -9 polydopamine activation strategies, thanks to its special surface nanostructure and abundant quinone groups. Secondary grafting branched polymer gamma-polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA) on the TA-APTES coating layer further increased enzyme loading (3.5-4.5 times). Finally, the universality of the TA/APTES coating was demonstrated by applying it on various materials for immobilizing different enzymes and removing five micropollutants (i.e., bisphenol A, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), and tetracycline (TC)). This work not only established a novel platform for facile and efficient enzyme immobilization but also clarified the effect of surface chemistry and morphology on enzyme immobilization and micropollutant removal

An Efficient High-Resolution Global–Local Network to Detect Lunar Features for Space Energy Discovery

Lunar craters and rilles are significant topographic features on the lunar surface that will play an essential role in future research on space energy resources and geological evolution. However, previous studies have shown low efficiency in detecting lunar impact craters and poor accuracy in detecting lunar rilles. There is no complete automated identification method for lunar features to explore space energy resources further. In this paper, we propose a new specific deep-learning method called high-resolution global–local networks (HR-GLNet) to explore craters and rilles and to discover space energy simultaneously. Based on the GLNet network, the ResNet structure in the global branch is replaced by HRNet, and the residual network and FPN are the local branches. Principal loss function and auxiliary loss function are used to aggregate global and local branches. In experiments, the model, combined with transfer learning methods, can accurately detect lunar craters, Mars craters, and lunar rilles. Compared with other networks, such as UNet, ERU-Net, HRNet, and GLNet, GL-HRNet has a higher accuracy (88.7 ± 8.9) and recall rate (80.1 ± 2.7) in lunar impact crater detection. In addition, the mean absolute error (MAE) of the GL-HRNet on global and local branches is 0.0612 and 0.0429, which are better than the GLNet in terms of segmentation accuracy and MAE. Finally, by analyzing the density distribution of lunar impact craters with a diameter of less than 5 km, it was found that: (i) small impact craters in a local area of the lunar north pole and highland (5°–85°E, 25°–50°S) show apparent high density, and (ii) the density of impact craters in the Orientale Basin is not significantly different from that in the surrounding areas, which is the direction for future geological research

Biocatalytic membrane: Go far beyond enzyme immobilization

Biocatalytic membrane takes advantages of reaction-separation integration as well as enzyme immobilization, which has attracted increasing attentions in online detection and biomanufacturing. However, the high preparation cost, inferior comprehensive performance, and low stability limit its applications. Thus, besides enzyme immobilization, more efforts should be made in biocatalytic membrane configuration design for a specific application to enhance the synergistic effect of reaction and separation and improve its operating stability. This review summarized the recent progress on biocatalytic membrane preparation, discussed different membrane configurations for various applications, finally proposed several challenges and possible solutions, which provided directions and guides for the development and industrialization of biocatalytic membrane.</p

Genome-Wide Identification, Classification and Expression Analysis of the HSP Gene Superfamily in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) function as molecular chaperones. These proteins are encoded by a multigene family whose members play crucial roles in plant growth, development and stress response. However, little is known about the HSP gene superfamily in tea plant. In this study, a total of 47 CsHSP genes were identified, including 7 CsHSP90, 18 CsHSP70, and 22 CssHSP genes. Phylogenetic and composition analyses showed that CsHSP proteins in the same subfamily have similar gene structures and conserved motifs, but significant differences exist in the different subfamilies. In addition, expression analysis revealed that almost all CsHSP genes were specifically expressed in one or more tissues, and significantly induced under heat and drought stress, implying that CsHSP genes play important roles in tea plant growth, development, and response to heat and drought stress. Furthermore, a potential interaction network dominated by CsHSPs, including HSP70/HSP90 organizing protein (HOP) and heat shock transcription factor (HSF), is closely related to the abovementioned processes. These results increase our understanding of CsHSP genes and their roles in tea plant, and thus, this study could contribute to the cloning and functional analysis of CsHSP genes and their encoded proteins in the future

Map-in-Parallel-Coordinates Plot (MPCP): Field Trial Studies of High-Dimensional Geographical Data Analysis

As the world has become increasingly digitalized in recent years, high-dimensional data with geographical location coordinate attributes, mainly referring to latitude and longitude, have been accumulated and spread to many disciplines. It is challenging to analyze such data. The map-in-parallel-coordinates plot (MPCP) is an incorporate visual analysis method that can express, filter, and highlight high-dimensional geographical data to facilitate data exploration and comprehension. In this paper, the MPCP underwent a series of field trial studies to verify its applicability, adaptability, and high efficacy in the real-world. The results of the evaluation were positive, which provides reasonable proof and new insights into the benefits of using MPCP to visually analyze high-dimensional geographical datasets