The impact of technology in hotels: A case study of Istanbul and Ankara hotels

[No abstract available

Comparision of the expandable nail with locked nail in the treatment of closed diaphyseal fractures of femur

Background: Expandable nails achieve stability only by hydraulic expansion; therefore suggest less radiation exposure and operation time. In this study, we aimed to compare the results of expandable femoral nails with locked intramedullary nails in the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of femur.Materials and Methods: Isolated closed AO = Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen type 32.A or 32.B unilateral femoral shaft fractures operated with expandable or locked nail were evaluated retrospectively. We match patients who undergone expandable nail fixation with patients of the same-sex, age, and fracture type who undergone locked nailing. A match was done for 31 expandable nail. At follow up, healing was assessed radiologically and clinically. Outcome measures included duration of hospital stay, time taken to achieve bony union, and participation in full activities.Results: The average duration of surgery in the expandable group was 60.9 min and in the locked group was 82.4 min. In the expandable group, the average clinical healing time was 15.5 weeks and radiographic healing time was 21.7 weeks. In the locked IMN group, the average clinical healing time was 18.4 weeks and the average radiographic healing time was 24.1 weeks. We observed seven (22.6%) non-union in expandable group and four (12.9%) non-union in locked group. In the expandable group, type of the fracture was AO 32.B in all of the non-union patients. We achieved union in all of non-unions of the locked group only with dynamization. In the expandable IMN group, five (16.1%) patients required major surgery, in the locked group none of the patients required major surgery.Conclusion: Non-union rate of the expandable nail is higher than that of the locked nail for femoral diaphyseal fractures. It may be a treatment option in simple fractures like AO 32.A and in patients where rapid fixation is demanded. It has advantages of reduced operative time and less radiation exposure in comparison with reported series of conventional nails.Keywords: Expandable nail, femur fracture, intramedullary nailing, self-lockin

The incidence of Prunus necrotic ringspot (PNRSV) and apple chlorotic leafspot (ACLSV) viruses on stone fruits grown in East Anatolia Region of Turkey

A number of surveys were carried out in the main stone fruit growing areas of Malatya, Elazig, Igdir, Erzincan and Erzurum provinces of East Anatolia (Turkey) for the detection of Prunus necrotic ringspot (PNRSV) and Apple chlorotic leaf spot (ACLSV) viruses. A total number of 1451 samples were tested by ELISA (1319 apricot, 97 cherry, 17 peach, 9 plum and 9 sour cherry). The presence of PNRSV and ACLSV was proved by ELISA and mechanical inoculations. ACLSV was detected on apricot, sweet cherry and peach but not on plum and sour cherry. The incidence of ACLSV infection in all species was 0.34%. PNRSV was detected on sweet cherry and peach but not on apricot, plum and sour cherry. The infection level of PNRSV was 0.27% on the tested stone fruits. Total infection ration of East Anatolia was determined as 0.82% induced by ACLSV and PNRSV. The sanitary status of stone fruits was satisfactory. Considering the total infection level of stone fruits tested, the East Anatolia was determined as the cleanest apricot culture area of the world

Comparison of medial and posterior surgical approaches in pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to compare the clinical results of pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture cases requiring open reduction through medial approach with posterior approach. Patients and Methods: Retrospective cohort of 67 cases of pediatric supracondylar fractures was reviewed. Thirty-three patients (20 males, 13 female, average age: 8.3 ± 3.131) were treated with medial approach were compared with 34 patients (19 males, 15 females, average age: 7.5 ± 3.146) treated with posterior exposure. Median follow-up period of the first group was 35.04 months (range: 17-76 months) and of the second group was 36.04 (range: 16-65 months). Radiological evaluation included Baumann angle, carrying angles, and lateral humero-capitellar angles. Functional and cosmetic evaluation was assessed with range-of-motion measurements and the criteria defined by Flynn et al. Results: No differences between groups were noted regarding gender, age, and follow-up periods. Operative time was significantly shorter in medial approach group [60.0 ± 14.5 vs. 75.8 ± 17.6 min (P = 0.002)]. Radiological measurements (Baumann, humero-capitellar, and carrying angles) were also similar between groups. When evaluated patients according to Flynn's criteria, for medial group, 31 cases (93.9%) had good-perfect result regarding ROM loss, whereas for posterior group 33 cases (97%) had good-perfect result. Regarding carrying angle change and posterior group were slightly better than medial group (perfect result observed in 91.1% vs 81.8%, respectively). The differences did not show statistical significance. Conclusion: In the treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in children, both surgical approaches revealed similar functional and radiological outcomes with shorter operative time when medial approach was utilized. © 2017 Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow

Syndesmotic screw fixation in tibiofibular diastasis

Background: In chronic instability of syndesmosis, osteoarthritis and poor functional outcome were seen more prevalently. To avoid diastasis of ankle joint, the affected distal tibiofibular syndesmosis should be restored. We evaluated the clinical and radiological results of operative treatment of ankle fractures in patients who required syndesmotic stabilization.Materials and Methods: Twenty‑one patients operated for ankle fracture were evaluated. Patients were followed up for 12 to 81 months, with a mean value of 49 months. Anteroposterior (AP), lateral, and mortise radiographs were taken at the follow‑up period, and AP tibiofibular distance, lateral fibular distance, and medial mortise distance were measured on the preoperative, postoperative, and last follow‑up radiographs. At the last follow‑up, patients were evaluated clinically with Hannover scoring system.Results: The decrease in AP tibiofibular distance was statistically significant postoperatively in Weber Type B and C fractures. The mean preoperative AP tibiofibular distance which was 7.1 mm decreased to 3.6 mm after operation. There was no statistically significant relation between the amount of decrease and fracture type, either Weber B or C. At the same time, the AP tibiofibular distance did not change at the last follow‑up. At the last follow‑up clinical evaluation, patient scores were ranging from 74 to 94, with a mean value of 86, which was designated as a fair result.Conclusion: In ankle fractures, if diastasis of distal tibiofibular joint is present, syndesmosis should be fixed for both Weber Type B and C fractures. The most important predictor of good clinical outcome is accurate reduction of the syndesmosis.Keywords: Ankle fracture, ankle instability, diastasis screw, syndesmosi

Comparison of Medial and Posterior Surgical Approaches in Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to compare the clinical results of pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture cases requiring open reduction through medial approach with posterior approach. Patients and Methods: Retrospective cohort of 67 cases of pediatric supracondylar fractures was reviewed. Thirty-three patients (20 males, 13 female, average age: 8.3 ± 3.131) were treated with medial approach were compared with 34 patients (19 males, 15 females, average age: 7.5 ± 3.146) treated with posterior exposure. Median follow-up period of the first group was 35.04 months (range: 17–76 months) and of the second group was 36.04 (range: 16-65 months). Radiological evaluation included Baumann angle, carrying angles, and lateral humero-capitellar angles. Functional and cosmetic evaluation was assessed with range-of-motion measurements and the criteria defined by Flynn et al. Results: No differences between groups were noted regarding gender, age, and follow-up periods. Operative time was significantly shorter in medial approach group [60.0 ± 14.5 vs. 75.8 ± 17.6 min (P = 0.002)]. Radiological measurements (Baumann, humero-capitellar, and carrying angles) were also similar between groups. When evaluated patients according to Flynn's criteria, for medial group, 31 cases (93.9%) had good–perfect result regarding ROM loss, whereas for posterior group 33 cases (97%) had good–perfect result. Regarding carrying angle change and posterior group were slightly better than medial group (perfect result observed in 91.1% vs 81.8%, respectively). The differences did not show statistical significance. Conclusion: In the treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures in children, both surgical approaches revealed similar functional and radiological outcomes with shorter operative time when medial approach was utilized.Keywords: Children, humerus, supracondylar fractur

A new problem of apricot: White fleck

Apricot is one of the most cultivated crop of stone fruits in Turkey. Malatya is particularly known as the most important apricot producer province both at national and international level. Before drying the apricot, sulphur is applied to the harvested fresh fruits in order to achieve the best coloration and protection from post harvest diseases and pests. In the course of this survey, a new problem has been identified, responsible in some cases for a 30% yield loss. Following the sulphur application, white, round areas, fibrous in structure and slightly swollen, with a diameter ranging from 0.5 to 5 mm were observed on dried apricots. These symptoms are not visible before sulphur application. A series of tests, such as soil and leaf analysis, biological indexing and ELISA test for virus already known and not yet referenced in this region, and insect feeding trials, especially with sap sucking insects, were conducted for the determination of the origin of the syndrome. At the end of the trials the causal agent was determined as a sap-sucking insect, Aphodiphus amygdali (family: Pentatomidae). Investigations are still in course for the determination of other possible species of the family that can be responsible for such injury and loss

THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF MEATS AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION

The dielectric properties glcod, perch, salmon, chicken breast, chicken thigh and beef were measured at 15 to 65 degrees C at 2450 MHz. The samples covered a moisture range of 68.9-81.2% and ash range of 0.96-1.20%. Equations were developed as a function of temperature, moisture, and ash, and compared to literature equations. The dielectric constant decreased with temperature and increased with moisture content. It was not affected by ash content. The dielectric loss factor increased with moisture content for moisture contents lower than 74.9%, then decreasedfor higher moisture contents. The dielectric loss factor was quadratically related to temperature, decreasing to 30.2 degrees C then increasing. The dielectric loss factor increased with ash content. The effect of moisture content and temperature on the dielectric loss factor in the literature is reviewed to explain these results