The Effect of Co doping on Structural, Optical and Dielectric Behaviour of TiO2 Nanoparticles

Chemical precipitation method was used to synthesise pure and Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. The synthesised nanoparticles were studied for its structural optical and dielectric properties. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the anatase phase with the tetragonal structure obtained for both samples. No extra peak was obtained in the pattern indicates that cobalt ions were successfully incorporated. The crystallite size of both samples were determined by using Debye-Scherrer’s method, and it was found that it decreases with the dopant addition. UV vis spectroscopy was performed to study the optical properties of both samples. The dielectric constant (εʹ), dielectric loss and ac conductivity (σac) of both samples were studied against the frequency. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac conductivity results showed that Co-doping has a significant effect

BIOMEDICINAL AND GASTROPROTECTIVE ASPECTS OF ORGANOBISMUTH COMPOUNDS: RECENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

Objective: Peptic ulcer is a disease caused due to an imbalance of aggressive and defensive factors in the body. Helicobacter pylori infections and colonization are also associated strongly to the peptic ulcer disease. Bismuth-containing organic compounds have been attributed to a major influential role in the successful treatment of peptic ulcer by inhibiting gastric acid secretion and provide cytoprotective properties which result in ulcer healing. Hence, the objective of this review is to discuss recent approaches and future perspectives of organobismuth compounds in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Results: A total of 112 papers were included in the review, among them 20 papers describe the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer, 10 papers discuss about diagnostic test for H pylori infection, 4 papers describe the drug regimen used in peptic ulcer treatment, 13 papers discuss about failure and alternative therapies for treatment of peptic ulcer, 8 papers describe the chemistry of bismuth, 20 papers discuss about mechanism of action of bismuth, 27 papers describe the newer bismuth complexes for H. pylori eradication, and 8 paper discuss about gastroprotective activity of bismuth-containing derivatives. Conclusion: Organobismuth compounds/drugs are effective to eradicate H. pylori in conjunction with antibiotics. It also provides gastroprotective action and dramatic decrease of relapse rate which accounts for further exploration of organobismuth compounds to pave new ways for the design and synthesis of novel compounds in the effective treatment of peptic ulcer

Template free synthesis of PbS nanoparticles by sol-gel facile method under IR radiation at room temperature

Lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles have been synthesized from the precursor of lead nitrite tetrahydrate [Pb(NO3)2.4H2O] and thiourea [CH4 N2S] at room temperature by sol-gel method under the infrared (IR) irradiation. The synthesized PbS nanoparticles have been characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, UV-vis spectrophotometer, and FTIR. The dominant peak (200) in XRD pattern, microstructure and the absorption of PbS have been confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. The crystallite size of PbS nanoparticle has been observed to be 13 nm. The lattice constant

A rare case report of the clinical management of Enamel hypoplasia of epigenetic origin

Enamel hypoplasia is an exclusive ectodermal disturbance, related to alterations in the organic enamel matrix which can cause white flecks, narrow horizontal bands, lines of pits, grooves & discolouration of the teeth varying from yellow to dark brown. Dental enamel defects have been associated with a broad spectrum of etiologies including genetic and epigenetic factors such as systemic, local and environmental factors. Systemic conditions such as perinatal or prenatal illnesses, low birth weight, regular antibiotic consumptions, malnutrition, celiac disease and respiratory disorders like asthma are associated with enamel defects. A rare case of enamel hypoplasia of epigenetic origin and the clinical management for the same is presented in this case report

Pharmacotherapeutic audit meetings as a tool of improving prescribing practices

Background: Pharmacotherapeutic audit meeting (PTAM) is a good tool to review prescriptions for rationality and suggest measures for improving quality of prescriptions. To promote this, World Health Organization (WHO) and International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) provided drug prescribing and drug use indicators. To assess the impact of PTAMs as an intervention for improving quality and rationality of prescriptions.Methods: This was a single centre, prospective study conducted from December 2018-February 2020. Prescriptions from outpatient surgical departments were collected, screened using WHO/INRUD core indicators and discussed in PTAMs. The same process was repeated over next 2 months to assess change in prescribing patterns after PTAM. Chi-square and Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis.Results: The difference in proportions for antibiotic prescribing was 8.7% [95% CI (1.0%-16.7%), p=0.02]; injectable preparation use was 0.7% [95% CI (-0.4%-2.3%) p=0.23]; prescriptions with generic name drugs was 10.9% [95% CI (5.6-16.2%) p<0.0001] and prescriptions from Essential drug list (EDL) was 8.1% [95% CI (2.5%-13.5%) p=0.0046].Conclusions: Our research showed PTAM could be an effective tool to implement WHO/INRUD drug prescribing indicators robustly. Hence, it could be included in WHO/INRUD policies as an intricate part of institutional healthcare delivery system

COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidences from Clinical Studies

The public health crisis is started with emergence of new coronavirus on 11 February 2020 which triggered as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemics. The causative agent in COVID-19 is made up of positively wrapped single-stranded RNA viruses ~ 30 kb in size. The epidemiology, clinical features, pathophysiology, and mode of transmission have been documented well in many studies, with additional clinical trials are running for several antiviral agents. The spreading potential of COVID-19 is faster than its two previous families, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Apart from clinical manifestation, comorbid status is playing key role for prevalence of COVID-19 infection and mortalities. The comorbid effects associated with COVID-19 are diabetes, cardiovascular, digestive, hepatitis-B, cerebrovascular, hypertension, liver injury, coronary heart disease, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological impairment. Antimalarial drugs (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine), remdesivir, Tocilizumab, clopinavir/ritonavir, convalescent plasma therapy, spike protein-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitors, human monoclonal antibodies, mRNA-1273, mesenchymal stem cells, Indian and Chinese traditional medicine, small molecules antioxidant, natural products and dietary supplements, high doses of vitamin-E, -C, -D, minerals, flavonoids,and IFN-beta are therapeutic intervention running to develop treatment against COVID-19. Although clinical usage of these therapeutic agents against COVID-19 is well documented, cytokine storms, absence of appropriate animal model have limited its therapeutic use. This review explores the clinical information currently available on COVID-19 on the mechanisms of infection, prevention, management, comorbid status, and current drug treatment options

White-Light Emission from Annealed ZnO:Si Nanocomposite Thin Films

As grown ZnO:Si nanocomposites of different compositional ratios were fabricated by thermal evaporation techniques. These films were subjected to post deposition annealing under high vacuum at a temperature of $\rm 250C^o$ for 90min. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of annealed samples have shown marked improvements both in terms of intensity and broadening. For the first time in ZnO:Si nanocomposite films we see huge UV, red and orange peaks at 310, 570 and 640nm. Structural and Raman analysis show formation of a Zn-Si-O shell around ZnO nano clusters wherein on heating $\rm Zn_2SiO_4$ compound forms. The new emissions are due to $\rm Zn_2SiO_4$ which completes white light spectrum.Comment: 9 figure

Novel Energy Management System of PMSG based Standalone Wind Power Generation System

Renewable energy sources based electric power generating units are often power supply units for many rural areas worldwide especially where power supply is impossible through the power grid. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generation (PMSG) based wind power conversion system is considered in this paper and equipped with an efficient maximum power tracker (MPPT) circuit. However, electricity produced through wind turbine will be always fluctuating according to wind speed. Hence, an energy storage device (i.e., batteries) is also connected through a dc to dc bidirectional circuit. Moreover, during light load conditions, a dump load also incorporated to consume excess power in case batteries are fully charged. A common dc-link is established by connecting MPPT circuit of wind system, bidirectional converter and dump load along with a power electronic switch. Novel control methods are proposed to all converters to maintain constant voltage at dc-link under various changes happened in the standalone system. In order to provide supply to AC loads, an inverter with voltage control unit also connected between load bus and dc-link. An efferent energy management algorithm is developed based on controlling the voltage at dc-link. MATLAB/Simulink is used to analyze the standalone power supply system and applied various operating conditions to present results