Raízes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo

O artigo sugere hipóteses para compreender o realinhamento eleitoral que teria ocorrido em 2006. O subproletariado, que sempre se manteve distante de Lula, aderiu em bloco à sua candidatura depois do primeiro mandato, ao mesmo tempo em que a classe média se afastou dela. A explicação estaria em uma nova configuração ideológica, que mistura elementos de esquerda e de direita. O discurso e a prática, que unem manutenção da estabilidade e ação distributiva do Estado, encontram-se na raiz da formação do lulismo.This article suggests a few hypotheses to understand the new electoral configuration that was formed in 2006. The subproletariat, that has always kept itself away from Lula, accepted in large scale his candidature after the first term of his presidency, at the same time that the middle-class moved away from it. The explanation would be on a new ideological configuration, that mixes leftwing and rightwing elements. The rhetoric and the praxis, that are able to unite the maintenance of stability and the distributive action of the state, are in the origins of the formation of lulism

Revolução burguesa dependente e modelo político brasileiro, 1971-2021

The article takes up categories proposed by Fernando Henrique Cardoso in 1971 to analyze the 1964 coup and the military dictatorship. Based on them, an attempt is made to interpret aspects of the political process from the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff to the third year of Bolsonaro's government. The idea of “bourgeois dependent revolution”, which Cardoso associates with the economic miracle that occurred approximately from 1967 to 1976, is used to understand the meaning of the 2016 parliamentary coup. The notion of “military-bureaucratic autocracy”, used by Fernando Henrique, to characterize the dictatorial regime, is compared to the current alternatives of semi-presidentialism, fascist-biased autocratism and the return to the democracy of 1988.O artigo retoma categorias propostas por Fernando Henrique Cardoso em 1971 para analisar o golpe de 1964 e a ditadura militar. A partir delas, procura-se interpretar aspectos do processo político desde o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff até o terceiro ano do governo Bolsonaro. A ideia de “revolução burguesa dependente”, que Cardoso associa ao milagre econômico, ocorrido aproximadamente de 1967 a 1976, é utilizada para compreender o sentido do golpe parlamentar de 2016. A noção de “autocracia militarburocrática”, usada por Fernando Henrique para aracterizar o regime ditatorial, é comparada às alternativas atuais de semipresidencialismo, autocratismo de viés fascista e retorno à democracia de 1988

Ecological modelling

An ecological model relates interactions within and between people and other life forms in an ecosystem context. Anthropologists use ecological modelling to address issues such as sustainability of cultural practices, population structures responding to policies, or ecological impacts of human activities. In Anthropology ecological modelling initially arose in response to Cultural Ecology as developed by Julian Steward and Leslie White, but eventually positioned agency and cultural processes as the principle drivers in ecosystems. Ecological models tend towards explanatory rather than descriptive accounts, with detail often specified at the level of individual interactions. Ecological modelling makes possible research that might otherwise be unethical or impractical

DOIS PASSOS ADIANTE, ZIGUE”‘ZAGUE E QUEDA

From the debates established at the seminar "The Left in the Present: Dialogues Latin America and Europe", held at the University of Brasilia in October 2017, this text presents a synthesis of the main research findings made by the author between 2012 and 2017A partir de los debates establecidos en el seminario "La izquierda en el presente: Diálogos América Latina y Europa", realizado en la Universidad de Brasilia en octubre de 2017, este texto presenta una síntesis de los principales hallazgos de investigación realizada por el autor entre 2012 y 2017A partir dos debates estabelecidos no seminário "A esquerda no presente: Diálogos América Latina e Europa", realizado na Universidade de Brasília em outubro de 2017, este texto apresenta uma síntese dos principais achados de pesquisa realizada pelo autor entre 2012 e 201

A reativação da direita no Brasil

The article seeks to show, based on data from Datafolha, that there was a continuity between what was observed right after the 1988 re-democratization and the thirty years that followed, namely, the preference for the right by the relative majority of the electorate in surveys of self-location on the ideological spectrum. Then, using the theoretical notion of activation, the article tests, based on research by Eseb, the hypothesis that, between 2006 and 2014, there was a tendency to disable ideological predispositions. The conclusion is that Lulism depolarized the political dispute and it was up to Bolsonaro, with a radical stance, to reactivate the conservatism in the 2018 election, when the right-wing field came to gather 45% of voters.Qual a estrutura das predisposições ideológicas do eleitorado brasileiro e como elas são afetadas pelas estratégias das diferentes forças políticas? O artigo busca mostrar, com base em dados do Datafolha, que houve uma continuidade entre o observado logo após a redemocratização de 1988 e os trinta anos que se seguiram, a saber, a preferência pela direita por parte da maioria relativa do eleitorado em surveys de autolocalização no espectro ideológico. Depois, utilizando a noção teórica de ativação, o artigo testa, com base em pesquisas do Eseb, a hipótese de que, entre 2006 e 2014, teria havido uma tendência de desativação das predisposições ideológicas. A conclusão é que o lulismo despolarizou a disputa política e coube a Bolsonaro, com uma postura radical, reativar o conservadorismo na eleição de 2018, quando o campo da direita chegou a reunir 45% dos eleitores

Local Smoothing with Robustness against Outlying Predictors

Outlying pollutant concentration data are frequently observed in time series studies conducted to investigate the effects of atmospheric pollution and mortality/morbidity. These outliers may severely affect the estimation procedures and even generate unexpected results like a protective effect of pollution. Although robust methods have been proposed to downweight the effect of outliers in the response variable distribution, little has been done to handle outlying explanatory variable values. We consider a robust local polynomial smoothing technique which may be useful for such purposes. It is based on downweighting points with a small design density and may also be used as a diagnostic tool to identify outliers. Using data from a study conducted in São Paulo, Brazil, we show how an unexpected form of the relative risk curve of mortality attributable to pollution by SO_2 obtained via nonrobust methods may be completely reversed when the proposed technique is employed

La experiencia del partido dos trabalhadores en la alcadía de Sao Paulo

[ES] En este artículo, Lucio Kowarick y André Singer analizan la gestión del Partido dos Trabalhadores en la Alcaldía de Sao Paulo encabezada por Luiza Erundina. Con esta evaluación pretenden conocer la acción del PT a través de uno de sus principales elementos de construcción del PT, el gobierno de las ciudades, que complementa a los otros dos, la vinculación con los movimientos sindicales y populares y la acción parlamentaria.[EN] In this article, Lucio Kowarick and Andre Singer analyses the government of Sao Paulo by Partido dos Trabalhadores, with Luiza Erundina. With this evaluation, they try to know the action of PT through one of the main elements of contruction of PT, the government of cities. The other are links with trade unions and popular movements and parliamentarian action

La experiencia del Partido dos Trabalhadores en la alcaldía de Sao Pablo

[ES] En este artículo, Lucio Kowarick y André Singer analizan la gestión del Partido dos Trabalhadores en la Alcaldía de Sao Paulo encabezada por Luiza Erundina. Con esta evaluación pretenden conocer la acción del PT a través de uno de sus principales elementos de construcción del PT, el gobierno de las ciudades, que complementa a los otros dos, la vinculación con los movimientos sindicales y populares y la acción parlamentaria.[EN] In this article, Lucio Kowarick and Andre Singer analyses the government of Sao Paulo by Partido dos Trabalhadores, with Luiza Erundina. With this evaluation, they try to know the action of PT through one of the main elements of contruction of PT, the government of cities. The other are links with trade unions and popular movements and parliamentarian action

Coherent Control of Stationary Light Pulses

We present a detailed analysis of the recently demonstrated technique to generate quasi-stationary pulses of light [M. Bajcsy {\it et al.}, Nature (London) \textbf{426}, 638 (2003)] based on electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that the use of counter-propagating control fields to retrieve a light pulse, previously stored in a collective atomic Raman excitation, leads to quasi-stationary light field that undergoes a slow diffusive spread. The underlying physics of this process is identified as pulse matching of probe and control fields. We then show that spatially modulated control-field amplitudes allow us to coherently manipulate and compress the spatial shape of the stationary light pulse. These techniques can provide valuable tools for quantum nonlinear optics and quantum information processing.Comment: 27 pages, 10 figure

Inventario de Daños y Efectos Geológicos Co y/o Post-Sísmicos del Sismo Ocurrido el 18 de mayo de 1875, en la Frontera entre Colombia y Venezuela

On the border between Colombia and Venezuela, have occurred seismic events with important records of damage in both countries. In this paper, we study the historical earthquake that took place on May 18, 1875 between 11.15 and 11.30 in the morning (the time was the same for communities in both countries since there was no time zone difference), which is catalogued as a border earthquake due to the report of damages in the cities of both nations. The community of San José de Cúcuta, current capital of the Northern State of Santander, Colombia, registered the greatest number of deaths and damage to buildings. An inventory of the geological damage and co -seismic and postseismic effects was created based on information of previous studies and data obtained from archival primary sources from Colombia and Venezuela. The result is a bi-national database, which includes the summaries of historical descriptions with the effects in the persons and objects, the geological damages and effects observed during the seismic event. These data has led to the creation of a table of MM and EMS-98 intensities, which enables the identification and delimitation of the regions of greater damages. The maximum level intensity is I=10 in the cities of San José de Cúcuta, Villa del Rosario, Pueblo de Cúcuta (San Luis) in Colombia and San Antonio, San Juan de Ureña in Venezuela. Moreover, we formulated a table of intensities using the ESI-2007 INQUA scale, based on the information of geological observations described in historical documents. These data are related to the epicentral zone with an approximate radius of 30 km.Published105-2635T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismicaN/A or not JC