An artificial neural network application on nuclear charge radii

The artificial neural networks (ANNs) have emerged with successful applications in nuclear physics as well as in many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, by using (ANNs), we have constructed a formula for the nuclear charge radii. Statistical modeling of nuclear charge radii by using ANNs has been seen as to be successful. Also, the charge radii, binding energies and two-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes have been calculated by implementing of the new formula in Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations. The results of the study shows that the new formula is useful for describing nuclear charge radii.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Characteristics of 351 supernumerary molar teeth In Turkish population

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the demographic profile of supernumerary molar (SM) teeth in people in various regions of Turkey. Study Design: A retrospective analysis was carried out on an initial sample of 104,902 subjects drawn from the ortopantographics files from 10 clinics in 7 Turkish cities with documentation of demographic data, the presence of SM teeth, their location, eruption, morphology, and position within the arch. In one region associated patho­logies and treatments were also evaluated. Results: Three hundred fifty-one SMs were detected in 288 patients, constituting 0.33% of the study subjects, with a greater frequency in females (56.4%). SMs were found more frequently in the maxilla (87.7%) than in the mandible, and distomolars (62.9%) were more common than paramolars. The SMs encountered were mostly of conical shape (45.7%), impacted (81.1%), and in a vertical position (52.1). The 33% of SM teeth were related to impacted molar teeth. Conclusion: The most common complication involving these teeth was soft tissue irritation. Demographic data from such specific extensive studies are crucial for improved diagnosis of SM teeth. Early detection allows for measures against complications and more successful therapy

Determination of metal and heavy metal residues in buffalo milk by ICP-MS

Manda sütü, gıda teknolojisinde kullanılan sütler arasında en yüksek yağ oranına sahiptir. Günümüzde egzoz dumanı, atık su ile sulama, endüstriyel ve madencilik faaliyetleri gibi birçok nedenden dolayı toprakta önemli miktarda ağır metaller bulunabilmektedir. Bu metaller hayvan ve insan sağlığını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Afyonkarahisar ilinden toplanan 50 çiğ manda sütünde Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Hg ve Pb gibi metallerin/ağır metallerin varlığını ve seviyesini ICP-MS ile belirlemektir. Süt örneklerinde Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se ve Mo seviyesi sırasıyla 0.098, 0.001, 0.042, 0.331 0.001 0.076, 4.116, 0.011 ve 0.022 ppm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ağır metallerin (Pb, As, Ag, Cd ve Hg) ise tespit edilebilir limitin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durum, manda yetiştiriciliğinin ve süt üretiminin ağır metal kontaminasyonundan uzak koşullar altında gerçekleştirildiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, diğer metal seviyelerindeki farklılıklar hayvanların beslenmesi ve çevresel koşullardan kaynaklanabilir.Buffalo milk has the highest value of fat ratio among milk used in food technology. Today, a significant amount of heavy metal found in the soil due to many reasons such as exhaust fumes, wastewater irrigation, industrial and mining activities. Therefore, the health of animal and human is significantly affected. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and contamination level of metals/heavy metals as Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Hg, and Pb in 50 raw buffalo milk samples obtained from Afyonkarahisar by using ICP-MS instrument. Contamination level of milk samples with Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, and Mo was detected as 0.098, 0.001, 0.042, 0.331, 0.001, 0.076, 4.116, 0.011, and 0.022 ppm respectively. In addition, contamination level of Pb, As, Ag, Cd, and Hg was determined under LOD. This suggests that buffalo breeding and milk production are performed under suitable conditions preventing from heavy metal contamination. It is also assessed that the quantities and differences in other metal levels detected in the analysis may depend on the feeding of the animals and environmental conditions

Diagnostic Value of the Video Head Impulse Test in Patients with Vertigo: Can It Be Used as a Screening Tool?

Background and Aim: Several laboratory tools are used to evaluate balance disorders but, there is still no screening test to determine the site and the severity of the lesion. The aim was to investigate whether video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) can be used as a screening test in patients with chronic or recurrent vertigo and dizziness. Methods: The files of 965 patients who were followed up in our vertigo outpatient clinic were reviewed retrospectively. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) gains and saccadic movements of the right and left lateral canals in the vHIT test, and Canal Paresis (CP) in the Caloric Testing (CT) were noted. Results: A total of 325 patients were included in our study. In CT results, the group that CP was most frequently detected was Menière’s Disease (MD) group (71 patients (74.7%). While vHIT results were found to be pathological in the vast majority of patients in the Vestibular Neuritis (VN) group (72.7%), the results were found to be normal at the highest rate in the vestibular migraine group (77.9%). Correlation analysis showed a significant but weak correlation between the degree of CP in the CT and the VOR gains of the lateral canals in vHIT in all groups. Conclusion: Although it has high sensitivity in cases with VN and vestibulopathy, we think that vHIT cannot be used as a screening tool in patients with vertigo, especially for chronic cases, since its sensitivity rate differs in the long term according to the cause of the disease

Characterization of greater middle eastern genetic variation for enhanced disease gene discovery

The Greater Middle East (GME) has been a central hub of human migration and population admixture. The tradition of consanguinity, variably practiced in the Persian Gulf region, North Africa, and Central Asia1-3, has resulted in an elevated burden of recessive disease4. Here we generated a whole-exome GME variome from 1,111 unrelated subjects. We detected substantial diversity and admixture in continental and subregional populations, corresponding to several ancient founder populations with little evidence of bottlenecks. Measured consanguinity rates were an order of magnitude above those in other sampled populations, and the GME population exhibited an increased burden of runs of homozygosity (ROHs) but showed no evidence for reduced burden of deleterious variation due to classically theorized ‘genetic purging’. Applying this database to unsolved recessive conditions in the GME population reduced the number of potential disease-causing variants by four- to sevenfold. These results show variegated genetic architecture in GME populations and support future human genetic discoveries in Mendelian and population genetics

EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis