42 research outputs found
Condensates of Strongly-interacting Atoms and Dynamically Generated Dimers
In a system of atoms with large positive scattering length, weakly-bound
diatomic molecules (dimers) are generated dynamically by the strong
interactions between the atoms. If the atoms are modeled by a quantum field
theory with an atom field only, condensates of dimers cannot be described by
the mean-field approximation because there is no field associated with the
dimers. We develop a method for describing dimer condensates in such a model
based on the one-particle-irreducible (1PI) effective action. We construct an
equivalent 1PI effective action that depends not only on the classical atom
field but also on a classical dimer field. The method is illustrated by
applying it to the many-body behavior of bosonic atoms with large scattering
length at zero temperature using an approximation in which the 2-atom amplitude
is treated exactly but irreducible -atom amplitudes for are
neglected. The two 1PI effective actions give identical results for the atom
superfluid phase, but the one with a classical dimer field is much more
convenient for describing the dimer superfluid phase. The results are also
compared with previous work on the Bose gas near a Feshbach resonance.Comment: 10 figure
Resonant Dimer Relaxation in Cold Atoms with a Large Scattering Length
Efimov physics refers to universal phenomena associated with a discrete
scaling symmetry in the 3-body problem with a large scattering length. The
first experimental evidence for Efimov physics was the recent observation of a
resonant peak in the 3-body recombination rate for 133Cs atoms with large
negative scattering length. There can also be resonant peaks in the atom-dimer
relaxation rate for large positive scattering length. We calculate the
atom-dimer relaxation rate as a function of temperature and show how
measurements of the relaxation rate can be used to determine accurately the
parameters that govern Efimov physics.Comment: 4 pages, 2 eps figures, normalization error in figures corrected,
equations unchange
Rearranging Pionless Effective Field Theory
We point out a redundancy in the operator structure of the pionless effective
field theory which dramatically simplifies computations. This redundancy is
best exploited by using dibaryon fields as fundamental degrees of freedom. In
turn, this suggests a new power counting scheme which sums range corrections to
all orders. We explore this method with a few simple observables: the deuteron
charge form factor, n p -> d gamma, and Compton scattering from the deuteron.
Higher dimension operators involving electroweak gauge fields are not
renormalized by the s-wave strong interactions, and therefore do not scale with
inverse powers of the renormalization scale. Thus, naive dimensional analysis
of these operators is sufficient to estimate their contribution to a given
process.Comment: 15 pages LaTeX, 9 eps figures, discussions extended and references
adde
Compact and Loosely Bound Structures in Light Nuclei
A role of different components in the wave function of the weakly bound light
nuclei states was studied within the framework of the cluster model, taking
into account of orbitals "polarization". It was shown that a limited number of
structures associated with the different modes of nucleon motion can be of
great importance for such systems. Examples of simple and quite flexible trial
wave functions are given for the nuclei Be, He. Expressions for the
microscopic wave functions of these nuclei were found and used for the
calculation of basic nuclear characteristics, using well known central-exchange
nucleon-nucleon potentials.Comment: 19 pages, 3 ps figure
NeutronC scattering near an Efimov state
The low-energy neutronC scattering in a neutron-neutron-core model is
studied with large scattering lengths near the conditions for the appearance of
an Efimov state. We show that the real part of the elastic wave phase-shift
() presents a zero, or a pole in , when the
system has an Efimov excited or virtual state. More precisely the pole scales
with the energy of the Efimov state (bound or virtual). We perform calculations
in the limit of large scattering lengths, disregarding the interaction range,
within a renormalized zero-range approach using subtracted equations. It is
also presented a brief discussion of these findings in the context of ultracold
atom physics with tunable scattering lengths
Controlling a resonant transmission across the -potential: the inverse problem
Recently, the non-zero transmission of a quantum particle through the
one-dimensional singular potential given in the form of the derivative of
Dirac's delta function, , with , being a
potential strength constant, has been discussed by several authors. The
transmission occurs at certain discrete values of forming a resonance
set . For
this potential has been shown to be a perfectly reflecting wall. However, this
resonant transmission takes place only in the case when the regularization of
the distribution is constructed in a specific way. Otherwise, the
-potential is fully non-transparent. Moreover, when the transmission
is non-zero, the structure of a resonant set depends on a regularizing sequence
that tends to in the sense of
distributions as . Therefore, from a practical point of
view, it would be interesting to have an inverse solution, i.e. for a given
to construct such a regularizing sequence
that the -potential at this value is
transparent. If such a procedure is possible, then this value
has to belong to a corresponding resonance set. The present paper is devoted to
solving this problem and, as a result, the family of regularizing sequences is
constructed by tuning adjustable parameters in the equations that provide a
resonance transmission across the -potential.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures. Corrections to the published version added;
http://iopscience.iop.org/1751-8121/44/37/37530