9,691 research outputs found
Spectator Behavior in a Quantum Hall Antidot with Multiple Bound Modes
We theoretically study Aharonov-Bohm resonances in an antidot system with
multiple bound modes in the integer quantum Hall regime, taking capacitive
interactions between the modes into account. We find the spectator behavior
that the resonances of some modes disappear and instead are replaced by those
of other modes, due to internal charge relaxation between the modes. This
behavior is a possible origin of the features of previous experimental data
which remain unexplained, spectator behavior in an antidot molecule and
resonances in a single antidot with three modes.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letter
In-flight total forces, moments and static aeroelastic characteristics of an oblique-wing research airplane
A low-speed flight investigation has provided total force and moment coefficients and aeroelastic effects for the AD-1 oblique-wing research airplane. The results were interpreted and compared with predictions that were based on wind tunnel data. An assessment has been made of the aeroelastic wing bending design criteria. Lateral-directional trim requirements caused by asymmetry were determined. At angles of attack near stall, flow visualization indicated viscous flow separation and spanwise vortex flow. These effects were also apparent in the force and moment data
Flight-determined aerodynamic derivatives of the AD-1 oblique-wing research airplane
The AD-1 is a variable-sweep oblique-wing research airplane that exhibits unconventional stability and control characteristics. In this report, flight-determined and predicted stability and control derivatives for the AD-1 airplane are compared. The predictions are based on both wind tunnel and computational results. A final best estimate of derivatives is presented
Expert Finding by Capturing Organisational Knowledge from Legacy Documents
Organisations capitalise on their best knowledge through the improvement of shared expertise which leads to a higher level of productivity and competency. The recognition of the need to foster the sharing of expertise has led to the development of expert finder systems that hold pointers to experts who posses specific knowledge in organisations. This paper discusses an approach to locating an expert through the application of information retrieval and analysis processes to an organization’s existing information resources, with specific reference to the engineering design domain. The approach taken was realised through an expert finder system framework. It enables the relationships of heterogeneous information sources with experts to be factored in modelling individuals’ expertise. These valuable relationships are typically ignored by existing expert finder systems, which only focus on how documents relate to their content. The developed framework also provides an architecture that can be easily adapted to different organisational environments. In addition, it also allows users to access the expertise recognition logic, giving them greater trust in the systems implemented using this framework. The framework were applied to real world application and evaluated within a major engineering company
Propfan noise propagation
The unconventional supersonic tip speed of advanced propellers has led to uncertainties about Propfan's noise acceptability and compliance with Federal Aviation Noise Regulation (FAR 36). Overhead flight testing of the Propfan with an SR-7L blade during 1989's Propfan Test Assessment (PTA) Program have shown unexpectedly high far-field sound pressure levels. This study here attempts to provide insights into the acoustics of a single-rotating propeller (SRP) with supersonic tip speed. At the same time, the role of the atmosphere in shaping the far-field noise characteristics is investigated
Detecting the signatures of helium in type Iax supernovae
Recent studies have argued that the progenitor system of type Iax supernovae
must consist of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf accreting from a helium star
companion. Based on existing explosion models invoking the pure deflagration of
carbon-oxygen white dwarfs, we investigate the likelihood of producing spectral
features due to helium in type Iax supernovae. From this scenario, we select
those explosion models producing ejecta and Ni masses that are broadly
consistent with those estimated for type Iax supernovae (0.014 -
0.478~ and - 0.183~, respectively). To this
end, we present a series of models of varying luminosities (~mag) with helium abundances accounting for up to
36\% of the ejecta mass, and covering a range of epochs beginning a few
days before Bband maximum to approximately two weeks after maximum. We find
that the best opportunity for detecting \ion{He}{i} features is at
near-infrared wavelengths, and in the post-maximum spectra of the fainter
members of this class. We show that the optical spectrum of SN~2007J is
potentially consistent with a large helium content (a few 10),
but argue that current models of accretion and material stripping from a
companion struggle to produce compatible scenarios. We also investigate the
presence of helium in all objects with near-infrared spectra. We show that
SNe~2005hk, 2012Z, and 2015H contain either no helium or their helium
abundances are constrained to much lower values
(10). Our results demonstrate the differences in
helium content among type Iax supernovae, perhaps pointing to different
progenitor channels. Either SN~2007J is an outlier in terms of its progenitor
system, or it is not a true member of the type Iax supernova class.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy
and Astrophysic
Investigation in haemodynamic stability during intermittent haemodialysis in the critically ill
No abstract available
An investigation into the effects of commencing haemodialysis in the critically ill
<b>Introduction:</b>
We have aimed to describe haemodynamic changes when haemodialysis is instituted in the critically ill. 3
hypotheses are tested: 1)The initial session is associated with cardiovascular instability, 2)The initial session is
associated with more cardiovascular instability compared to subsequent sessions, and 3)Looking at unstable
sessions alone, there will be a greater proportion of potentially harmful changes in the initial sessions compared
to subsequent ones.
<b>Methods:</b>
Data was collected for 209 patients, identifying 1605 dialysis sessions. Analysis was performed on hourly
records, classifying sessions as stable/unstable by a cutoff of >+/-20% change in baseline physiology
(HR/MAP). Data from 3 hours prior, and 4 hours after dialysis was included, and average and minimum values
derived. 3 time comparisons were made (pre-HD:during, during HD:post, pre-HD:post). Initial sessions were
analysed separately from subsequent sessions to derive 2 groups. If a session was identified as being unstable,
then the nature of instability was examined by recording whether changes crossed defined physiological ranges.
The changes seen in unstable sessions could be described as to their effects: being harmful/potentially harmful,
or beneficial/potentially beneficial.
<b>Results:</b>
Discarding incomplete data, 181 initial and 1382 subsequent sessions were analysed. A session was deemed to
be stable if there was no significant change (>+/-20%) in the time-averaged or minimum MAP/HR across time
comparisons. By this definition 85/181 initial sessions were unstable (47%, 95% CI SEM 39.8-54.2). Therefore
Hypothesis 1 is accepted. This compares to 44% of subsequent sessions (95% CI 41.1-46.3). Comparing these
proportions and their respective CI gives a 95% CI for the standard error of the difference of -4% to 10%.
Therefore Hypothesis 2 is rejected. In initial sessions there were 92/1020 harmful changes. This gives a
proportion of 9.0% (95% CI SEM 7.4-10.9). In the subsequent sessions there were 712/7248 harmful changes.
This gives a proportion of 9.8% (95% CI SEM 9.1-10.5). Comparing the two unpaired proportions gives a
difference of -0.08% with a 95% CI of the SE of the difference of -2.5 to +1.2. Hypothesis 3 is rejected. Fisher’s
exact test gives a result of p=0.68, reinforcing the lack of significant variance.
<b>Conclusions:</b>
Our results reject the claims that using haemodialysis is an inherently unstable choice of therapy. Although
proportionally more of the initial sessions are classed as unstable, the majority of MAP and HR changes are
beneficial in nature
Flight evaluation of the M2-F3 lifting body handling qualities at Mach numbers from 0.30 to 1.61
Percentage distributions of 423 pilot ratings obtained from 27 flights are used to indicate the general level of handling qualities of the M2-F3 lifting body. Percentage distributions are compared on the basis of longitudinal and lateral-directional handling qualities, control system, control system status, and piloting task. Ratings of longitudinal handling qualities at low speed were slightly better than those for transonic and supersonic speed. The ratings of lateral-directional handling qualities were unaffected by speed and configuration. Specific handling qualities problems are discussed in detail, and comparisons are made with pertinent handling qualities criteria
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