Design and development of a technological system for grey water reuse

This work has as purpose "contribute to the decrease of the consumption of water drinking to purposes that not so require". Its objectives are to design, develop and transfer a system not conventional for such purpose; to improve the health and conditions of habitability of sanitary spaces with sustainability. To such end, it proposes are: an strategy of "Participatory action research" as "a social practice of knowledge production that seeks social change seen as a totality, occurs in the very action and contributes to it?; a system that allows to replace the traditional toilet tank and reuse and store water used in toilets to be downloaded in nuclei sanitary toilets. With regard to the results achieved, the work has 2 stages that includes: 1. Developing the theoretical framework; the study of history and analysis of geographical areas of application; the generation of possible solutions for responding to the system; the selection of surpassing proposal; 2. adjustment of the surpassing proposal; preparation of technical documentation; design of your building process; adjustment of its operation, use and maintenance; its materialization; experimentation and evaluation. The conclusions was that this system is "Adaptive" and "affordable" that presents facility construction and installation work; features that make it an "adoptable product" in different types of architectural objects and a "sustainable product" because that makes it possible to the care of the environment.Indizada en: Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, CAB Abstracts, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science DatabaseFil: Garzon, Beatriz Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Secretaria de Ciencia, Arte E Innovación Tecnologica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Paterlini, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Secretaria de Ciencia, Arte E Innovación Tecnologica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentin

Caracterización acústica del canal urbano con la primer ciclovía en San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina

Este trabajo, tiene como fin estudiar el ruido en una vía que comunica la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucumán con la de Tafí Viejo. Esta, es la primera que contó con una ciclovía. Es avenida de doble mano que corre en sentido norte sur. Cuenta con 2 vías de 2 trochas cada una; una platabanda de aproximadamente 10 metros, en la que se encuentran 2 sendas peatonales y una ciclo- vía. Para las diferentes etapas, se ha utilizado una combinación metodológica que se enmarca dentro de la Investigación Acción Participativa. En la primera etapa se utilizó el método de estudio de caso; el método exploratorio y el método descriptivo. En la segunda etapa, se utilizó el método analítico y el método deductivo. Se han realizado mediciones con sonómetro de acuerdo a lo indicado por las NORMAS IRAM 4113: “Acústica. Descripción, medición y evaluación del ruido ambiental, I y II parte”. Como resultado, se obtuvo que el sector se encuentra sometido a altos niveles sonoros, que perjudican la calidad de vida de los habitantes, tanto vecinos, como personas que se acercan al sector para realizar actividades recreativas. Los niveles de ruido están por encima de lo que recomienda la nueva Ley de Calidad Acústica de la Nación Argentina, con media sanción en el senado.Fil: Paterlini, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Garzon, Beatriz Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentin

ANHEDONIA IN THE PSYCHOSIS RISK SYNDROME: STATE AND TRAIT CHARACTERISTICS

Background: Previous studies reported deficits in pleasure experience in schizophrenia, but little is known about anhedonia in psychosis risk syndrome. Aim of this study was: (1) to assess anhedonia in distinct help-seeking subgroups of young people identified through the Ultra-High Risk (UHR) criteria, (2) to explore its association with functioning and psychopathology in the UHR group, and (3) to monitor longitudinally its stability in UHR individuals along 1-year follow-up period. Subjects and methods: All participants (78 UHR, 137 with a First Episode Psychosis (FEP), and 95 non-UHR/FEP), aged 13-35 years, completed the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief version (SPQ-B), the Brief O-LIFE questionnaire (BOL), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). We adopted two different indexes of anhedonia: i.e. CAARMS “Anhedonia” item 4.3 and BOL “Introvertive Anhedonia” subscale scores. Results: In comparison with non-UHR/FEP, UHR individuals showed higher baseline CAARMS item 4.3 and BOL “Introvertive Anhedonia” subscale scores. No difference in anhedonia scores between UHR and FEP patients was found. After 1-year follow up period, UHR subjects had a significant decrease in severity exclusively on CAARMS item 4.3 subscore. Conclusions: In the UHR group, CAARMS anhedonia showed significant correlations with functioning deterioration, negative symptoms, and comorbid depression (including suicide ideation), while BOL anhedonia with a poorer self-perceived quality of life and specific schizotypal personality traits (i.e. interpersonal deficits and disorganization). Anhedonia is prominent in the psychosis risk syndrome and its severity is indistinguishable from that of FEP patients

Conditional Inactivation of Limbic Neuropeptide Y-1 Receptors Increases Vulnerability to Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice

NPY and its Y1 cognate receptor (Y1R) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of stress, anxiety, depression and energy homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that conditional knockout of Npy1r gene in the excitatory neurons of the forebrain of adolescent male mice (Npy1rrfb mice) decreased body weight growth and adipose tissue and increased anxiety. In the present study, we used the same conditional system to examine whether the targeted disruption of the Npy1r gene in limbic areas might affect susceptibility to obesity and associated disorders during adulthood in response to a 3-week high-fat diet (HFD) regimen. We demonstrated that following HFD exposure, Npy1rrfb male mice showed increased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, and blood glucose levels, hyperphagia and a dysregulation of calory intake as compared to control Npy1r2lox mice. These results suggest that low expression of Npy1r in limbic areas impairs habituation to high caloric food and causes high susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance in male mice, uncovering a specific contribution of the limbic Npy1r gene in the dysregulation of the eating/satiety balance

Anhedonia and suicidal ideation in young people with early psychosis: Further findings from the 2-year follow-up of the ReARMS program.

Hedonic deficits have been extensively studied in schizophrenia, but little is known about their association with suicidal ideation in early psychosis. The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts across a 2-year follow-up period in people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) and at Ultra High Risk (UHR) of psychosis. Ninty-six UHR and 146 FEP, aged 13–35 years, completed the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The BDI-II “Anhedonia” subscale score to assess anhedonia and the CAARMS “Depression” item 7.2 subscore to measure depression were used across the 2 years of follow-up. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed. No difference in anhedonia scores between FEP and UHR individuals was found. In the FEP group, a significant enduring association between anhedonia and suicidal ideation was found at baseline and across the follow-up, independent of clinical depression. In the UHR subgroup, the enduring relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts were not completely independent from depression severity. Anhedonia is relevant in predicting suicidal ideation in early psychosis. Specific pharmacological and/or psychosocial interventions on anhedonia within specialized EIP program could reduce suicide risk overtime

Reutilización de aguas grises mediante sistema tecnológico alternativo: evaluación bacteriológica de las mismas

La escasez del agua es un problema planetario. Reciclando aguas grises se pueden reutilizar cuando no es imprescindible agua potable, como en inodoros, generando un sistema tecnológico innovador. Para generar el dispositivo se analizaron dos tipos de materiales, fibra de vidrio y acero inoxidable. Se evaluó el sistema utilizando muestras de agua pre y post filtrado, mediante un filtro de tela de fibra plástica para retener sedimentos macroscópicos. Se empleó solución de policloruro de aluminio para clarificar y pastillas de cloro para descontaminar. Se realizó evaluación bacteriológica de estas aguas con medios de cultivo específicos para Coliformes totales y Coliformes fecales. Se seleccionó el sistema construido con fibra de vidrio. Las muestras de agua post filtro y post desinfectante no desarrollaron bacterias. Si bien el acero inoxidable, es resistente a la corrosión e impactos, es higiénico y fácil de moldear, su desventaja es su costo. Se optó por el material de fibra de vidrio que es maleable, dúctil, más liviano y de menor costo. El sistema desarrollado es adaptable y asequible, convirtiéndolo en un producto adoptable en diferentes tipos de objetos arquitectónicos y, sustentables posibilitando el cuidado del ambiente.Fil: Daives, Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Garzon, Beatriz Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Paterlini, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Nancy Lorena. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Sacur, Graciela L.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin

Placental pathology in perinatal asphyxia: a case–control study

IntroductionPlacentas of term infants with birth asphyxia are reported to have more lesion such as maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM), fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) and chorioamnionitis with fetal response (FIR) than those of term infants without birth asphyxia. We compared the placental pathology of asphyxiated newborns, including those who developed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), with non-asphyxiated controls.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case–control study of placentas from neonates with a gestational age ≥ 35 weeks, a birthweight ≥ 1,800 g, and no malformations. Cases were asphyxiated newborns (defined as those with an umbilical artery pH ≤ 7.0 or base excess ≤ −12 mMol, 10-minute Apgar score ≤ 5, or the need for resuscitation lasting >10 min) from a previous cohort, with (n=32) and without (n=173) diagnosis of HIE. Controls were non-asphyxiated newborns from low-risk l (n= 50) or high-risk (n= 68) pregnancies. Placentas were analyzed according to the Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement 2014.ResultsCases had a higher prevalence of nulliparity, BMI>25, thick meconium, abnormal fetal heart monitoring, and acute intrapartum events than controls (p<0.001). MVM and FVM were more frequent among non-asphyxiated than asphyxiated newborns (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in inflammatory lesions or abnormal umbilical insertion site. Histologic meconium-associated changes (MAC) were observed in asphyxiated newborns only (p= 0.039).DiscussionOur results confirm the role of antepartum and intrapartum risk factors in neonatal asphyxia and HIE. No association between neonatal asphyxia and placental lesions was found, except for in the case of MAC. The association between clinical and placental data is crucial to understanding and possibly preventing perinatal asphyxia in subsequent pregnancies

Parma consensus statement on metabolic disruptors

A multidisciplinary group of experts gathered in Parma Italy for a workshop hosted by the University of Parma, May 16–18, 2014 to address concerns about the potential relationship between environmental metabolic disrupting chemicals, obesity and related metabolic disorders. The objectives of the workshop were to: 1. Review findings related to the role of environmental chemicals, referred to as “metabolic disruptors”, in obesity and metabolic syndrome with special attention to recent discoveries from animal model and epidemiology studies; 2. Identify conclusions that could be drawn with confidence from existing animal and human data; 3. Develop predictions based on current data; and 4. Identify critical knowledge gaps and areas of uncertainty. The consensus statements are intended to aid in expanding understanding of the role of metabolic disruptors in the obesity and metabolic disease epidemics, to move the field forward by assessing the current state of the science and to identify research needs on the role of environmental chemical exposures in these diseases. We propose broadening the definition of obesogens to that of metabolic disruptors, to encompass chemicals that play a role in altered susceptibility to obesity, diabetes and related metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome

Absorbent materials for classrooms reverberation control in classrooms of San Miguel de Tucumán. Parameters determination and comparison

This work aims at making proposals of architectural materials for the improvement of reverberation times (RT) in classrooms through a software. The specific objectives were to determine those sustainable and non-sustainable materials that could be used in classrooms for the optimization of the RT in schools. In this work, a methodological combination was used for carrying out different activities and obtaining results. In a first stage, the case study method was used to analyze the acoustics problematic of a school in San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina. It is a special case because it belongs to the "program of 700 schools", at the national level. Also, we used the exploratory method for studying materials with possibility of including them to improve the acoustic conditions of classrooms. The descriptive method was also used to understand the totality of the buildings, their spaces and different characteristics. These methods involve tools and specific techniques and those that we use particularly to address and develop the subject matter should be mentioned: a) the RT is determined through the ArchRTCalculator software developed by the team according to the mathematical formula of Sabine. Starting from the evaluation of 4 alternatives of absorbent materials in a particular classroom, a comparison was made to determine which would be the most appropriate for this purpose and that could also be used.Fil: Paterlini, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Garzon, Beatriz Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina18th International Conference on Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies (IC-NOCMAT 2019)KenyaSudáfricaNon Conventiona Materials and Technologie