Detection of flavonoids in glandular trichomes of Chromolaena species (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Neste trabalho 12 flavonóides foram detectados nos tricomas glandulares de duas espécies de Chromolaena através do emprego da técnica de microamostragem de tricomas glandulares, associada à análise por CLAE. Esta é a primeira vez que se relata o acúmulo de flavonóides em tricomas glandulares no gênero. Com base nos resultados obtidos, podemos sugerir que esta técnica pode ser uma ferramenta útil na busca de substâncias com propriedades medicinais e em estudos quimiotaxonômicos de Eupatorieae.In this work, twelve flavonoids were detected in glandular trichomes of two species of Chromolaena through the glandular microsampling technique and HPLC-UV-DAD analysis. This is the first time that the accumulation of flavonoids in glandular trichomes of the genus Chromolaena is reported. Based on the results, we suggest that this technique can be an useful tool in the search of new compounds with medicinal properties as well as in chemotaxonomic studies of Eupatorieae

BIO016 Anticonvulsant effect of tea of Jatropha curcas Linn in mice

The genus Jatropha belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family, widely distributed in the wild or semi-cultivated areas in Central and South America, Africa, India and South East Asia. Ethnopharmacological studies show that the leaves and other parts of the Jatropha curcas are used in traditional medicine to treat wounds, fever, rheumatism, mouth infections, cancer, toothache, convulsions, cough and fever. Evaluation of J. curcas have demonstrated their different pharmacological effects, among them anticoagulant, coagulant, antidiabetic and neuroprotective. Phytochemical investigation on the chemical constituents of the J. curcas leaves have resulted in the isolation and structure identification of flavonoids and its glycosides, sterols, steroid sapogenins, alkaloids, triterpenes, and phorbol esters diterpenes, the main toxins present in oil and seeds, leaves, stems, flowers and roots of J. curcas. Pathological symptoms are related with the consumption of J. curcas in any form, oil, seeds, seed cake or extracts; however the young leaves may be safely eaten

Preservation of phenolic compounds on dried leaf infusion of Bauhinia forficata Link

Bauhinia forficata Link aqueous extract is usually recommended as a phytomedicine to reduce blood glucose levels and its biological activity has been linked to the presence of phenolic compounds from B. forficata preparations. Several drying processes are used in the production of dry herbal extracts, which may influence the chemical composition and efficacy of final herbal medicines. Due to significant chemical changes, defining appropriate drying processes is essential for phytopharmaceutical drug development. In view of this, we analyzed dried B. forficata leaf infusion (BFLI) extracts by HPLC-UV-MSn, followed by molecular networking analysis to evaluate the chemical profiles from dried extracts yielded by freeze-and spray-drying processes. The main metabolites detected included 11 ferulic/isoferulic acid derivatives and 13 glycosylated flavonoids. The qualitative chemical profiles were alike for both drying processes, whereas the relative abundance of some flavonoids was higher using spray-drying. Taken together, our results showed that freeze-and spray-drying preserved the phenolic profile of BFLI and suggested that spray-drying may be the most suitable to obtain its dried products. Along with studying the chemical profiles of dried herbal extracts, evaluating the influence of drying processes on the quality and chemical profiles of final products is pivotal and may benefit future research

Phytochemical study of Mikania pseudohoffmanianna G. M. Barroso ex W. C. Holmes Estudo fitoquímico de Mikania pseudohoffmanianna G. M. Barroso ex W. C. Holmes

This work describes the fractionation of methanol and dichloromethane extracts of aerial parts from the Mikania pseudohoffmanniana G. M. Barroso ex W. C. Holmes. The phytochemical study of extracts led to isolation and the identification of 16 known compounds, including: steroids: campesterol, stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol, diterpenes: ent-15beta-E-cinnamoyloxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, ent-15beta-Z-cinnamoyloxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, triterpenes: alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, alpha-amyrin acetate, beta-amyrin acetate, lupeol, lupeol acetate and friedelin, coumarin: scopoletin, flavonoid: quercetin and caffeoyl quinic acid derivative: 4,5-di-O-[E]-caffeoyl quinic acid.<br>O fracionamento dos extratos diclorometânico e metanólico das partes aéreas de Mikania pseudohoffmanniana G. M. Barroso ex W. C. Holmes resultou na identificação de 16 substâncias: os esteróides: campesterol, estigmasterol e beta-sitosterol; os diterpenos: ácido ent-15beta-E-cinamoiloxi-caur-16-en-19-óico, ácido ent-15beta-Z-cinamoiloxi-caur-16-en-19-óico e ácido ent-caur-16-en-19-óico; os triterpenos: alfa-amirina, beta-amirina, acetato de alfa-amirina, acetato de beta-amirina, lupeol, acetato de lupeol e friedelina; a cumarina: escopoletina; o flavonóide: quercetina e o derivado do ácido cafeoilquínico: 4,5-di-O-[E] -cafeoilquínico

Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids and steroids isolated from two Chromolaena species Atividade antimicrobiana de flavonóides e esteróides isolados de duas espécies de Chromolaena

The crude extracts (dichloromethanic and ethanolic) and some compounds (8 flavonoids and 5 steroids) isolated from Chromolaena squalida (leaves and stems) and Chromolaena hirsuta (leaves and flowers) have been evaluated against 22 strains of microorganisms including bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and yeasts. All crude extracts, flavonoids and steroids evaluated have been shown actives, mainly against Gram-positive bacteria.<br>Os extratos diclorometânicos e etanólicos de folhas e caule de Chromolaena squalida e de folhas e flores de Chromolaena hirsuta foram avaliados quanto à atividade antimicrobiana. Oito flavonóides e cinco esteróides foram desafiados frente a 22 cepas indicadoras, incluindo bactérias (Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas) e leveduras. Todos os extratos brutos, flavonóides e esteróides ensaiados mostraram atividade antimicrobiana, principalmente frente a bactérias Gram-positivas

Antibiofilm activity of Croton urucurana compounds against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis in dairy cattle

Mastitis in dairy cattle is the disease that impacts dairy production the most; Staphylococcus aureus is the main causative agent of this condition. The genus Staphylococcus has the ability to produce biofilms, an important mechanism of antibiotic resistance. Bearing in mind that plants have therapeutic action, this study investigated the in vitro antibiofilm activity of the plant extract and compounds isolated from the species Croton urucurana, native to the Brazilian Cerrado, against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the milk of cows with mastitis, as well as the antibiotic gentamycin and vancomicyn. The antibiofilm activity was evaluated by means of violet crystal and the counting of Colony Forming Units. The images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. The C. urucurana crude extract and fraction displayed better antibiofilm effect than gentamycin; their antibiofilm action was similar to the action of vancomycin. Compared with all the assessed treatments, the isolated compound alpha-Costol was significantly more active it reduced six logarithmic cycles of the bacterial population composing the biofilm. The phytocomplexs and the alpha-Costol substance isolated from Croton urucurana are promising in the fight against one of the main etiological agents of bovine mastitis.Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Un, Dept Med Vet Prevent, Via Acesso Prof Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilUniv Ribeirao Preto Unaerp, Dept Biotecnol Plantas Med, Av Costabile Romano 2201, BR-14096385 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Un, Dept Med Vet Prevent, Via Acesso Prof Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazi