The Reckless Mind: Intellectuals in Politics, by Mark Lilla

The reckless mind: Intellectuals in politics is a disturbing and moving book

ANÁLISE DOS FATORES CONDICIONANTES DOS RESULTADOS DA REFORMA AGRÁRIA NO BRASIL

Several economic models were fitted in this work referring to income determination of families seated in projects of Cédula da Terra Program. The estimates are obtained from a two-stage cluster sample and the models were fitted considering demographic, social and economic variables and referring to sub-samples of federation units and strata of projects size. The main conclusions reaffirm that the program beneficiaries' income is multi-determined for a wide set of factors, between which have relevance the education (in spite of being low), the work effort, the work opportunities out of the lot, the area of the lot and the level of social organization of the producers. Through the fittings of the models for each federation unit were verified the occurrences of specific factors, each being confronted with the researchers' direct observation. The results also indicate that the projects of medium number of families (20 to 38 families) are the ones that possess more potential use of its collective organization capacities in the associative work.

Benchmarks for Pir\'a 2.0, a Reading Comprehension Dataset about the Ocean, the Brazilian Coast, and Climate Change

Pir\'a is a reading comprehension dataset focused on the ocean, the Brazilian coast, and climate change, built from a collection of scientific abstracts and reports on these topics. This dataset represents a versatile language resource, particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning models to acquire expert scientific knowledge. Despite its potential, a detailed set of baselines has not yet been developed for Pir\'a. By creating these baselines, researchers can more easily utilize Pir\'a as a resource for testing machine learning models across a wide range of question answering tasks. In this paper, we define six benchmarks over the Pir\'a dataset, covering closed generative question answering, machine reading comprehension, information retrieval, open question answering, answer triggering, and multiple choice question answering. As part of this effort, we have also produced a curated version of the original dataset, where we fixed a number of grammar issues, repetitions, and other shortcomings. Furthermore, the dataset has been extended in several new directions, so as to face the aforementioned benchmarks: translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese, classification labels for answerability, automatic paraphrases of questions and answers, and multiple choice candidates. The results described in this paper provide several points of reference for researchers interested in exploring the challenges provided by the Pir\'a dataset.Comment: Accepted at Data Intelligence. Online ISSN 2641-435

Análise temporal e dinâmica espacial da atividade aquícola no estado de São Paulo.

RESUMO: O estado de São Paulo apresenta-se como importante polo de aquicultura no Brasil. Com números de produção ascendentes e promissores, o estado ocupa o segundo lugar no ranking nacional e consolida essa atividade na economia paulista. Visando evidenciar a evolução da produção e a dinâmica do setor aquícola na agropecuária paulista e expor os municípios responsáveis por ela, este trabalho teve como objetivo reunir e organizar os números de produção do estado, espacializar os dados em mapas temáticos e analisar a distribuição espacial da atividade aquícola no território paulista, considerando os municípios que concentraram, juntos, mais de 75% de toda a produção do estado, no período de 2016 a 2020. As regiões pioneiras da aquicultura no estado estão inseridas em um contexto histórico de desenvolvimento da atividade junto a três grandes rios ? Rio Grande, Paraná e Tietê ?, onde foram implantados projetos hidrelétricos. Os resultados apontam como destaque a região noroeste do estado, especialmente as microrregiões de Andradina e Jales, margeando esses rios, que contêm alguns dos municípios protagonistas do setor (Santa Fé do Sul, Santa Clara d'Oeste, Sud Mennucci, Rubinéia e Ilha Solteira), com números elevados de produção e notado crescimento. Em geral, a produção aquícola paulista demonstra certa estabilidade no que se refere aos principais municípios produtores. Em 2016, eram 14 municípios responsáveis por 75% de toda a produção do estado; em 2020, esse mesmo percentual foi alcançado pela produção total de 12 municípios.Evento online. CIIC 2022. Nº 22507

Distinct small non-coding RNA landscape in the axons and released extracellular vesicles of developing primary cortical neurons and the axoplasm of adult nerves

Neurons have highlighted the needs for decentralized gene expression and specific RNA function in somato-dendritic and axonal compartments, as well as in intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite advances in miRNA biology, the identity and regulatory capacity of other small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in neuronal models and local subdomains has been largely unexplored. We identified a highly complex and differentially localized content of sncRNAs in axons and EVs during early neuronal development of cortical primary neurons and in adult axons in vivo. This content goes far beyond miRNAs and includes most known sncRNAs and precisely processed fragments from tRNAs, sno/snRNAs, Y RNAs and vtRNAs. Although miRNAs are the major sncRNA biotype in whole-cell samples, their relative abundance is significantly decreased in axons and neuronal EVs, where specific tRNA fragments (tRFs and tRHs/tiRNAs) mainly derived from tRNAs Gly-GCC, Val-CAC and Val-AAC predominate. Notably, although 5ʹ-tRHs compose the great majority of tRNA-derived fragments observed in vitro, a shift to 3ʹ-tRNAs is observed in mature axons in vivo. The existence of these complex sncRNA populations that are specific to distinct neuronal subdomains and selectively incorporated into EVs, equip neurons with key molecular tools for spatiotemporal functional control and cell-to-cell communication

SKPDB: a structural database of shikimate pathway enzymes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The functional and <b>s</b>tructural characterisation of enzymes that belong to microbial metabolic pathways is very important for structure-based drug design. The main interest in studying shikimate pathway enzymes involves the fact that they are essential for bacteria but do not occur in humans, making them selective targets for design of drugs that do not directly impact humans.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>The ShiKimate Pathway DataBase (SKPDB) is a relational database applied to the study of shikimate pathway enzymes in microorganisms and plants. The current database is updated regularly with the addition of new data; there are currently 8902 enzymes of the shikimate pathway from different sources. The database contains extensive information on each enzyme, including detailed descriptions about sequence, references, and structural and functional studies. All files (primary sequence, atomic coordinates and quality scores) are available for downloading. The modeled structures can be viewed using the Jmol program.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The SKPDB provides a large number of structural models to be used in docking simulations, virtual screening initiatives and drug design. It is freely accessible at <url>http://lsbzix.rc.unesp.br/skpdb/</url>.</p

Transcriptome analysis of highly purified mouse spermatogenic cell populations: gene expression signatures switch from meiotic-to postmeiotic-related processes at pachytene stage

Top five canonical pathways and molecular and cellular functions from pairwise comparisons of the four cell populations in chronological order (LZ relative to 2C; PS relative to LZ; RS relative to PS). (XLSX 10 kb

Subtelomeric I-scel-mediated double-strand breaks are repaired by homologous recombination in trypanosoma cruzi

Trypanosoma cruzi chromosome ends are enriched in surface protein genes and pseudogenes (e.g., trans-sialidases) surrounded by repetitive sequences. It has been proposed that the extensive sequence variability among members of these protein families could play a role in parasite infectivity and evasion of host immune response. In previous reports we showed evidence suggesting that sequences located in these regions are subjected to recombination. To support this hypothesis we introduced a double-strand break (DSB) at a specific target site in a I cruzi subtelomeric region cloned into an artificial chromosome (pTAC). This construct was used to transfect T. cruzi epimastigotes expressing the I-Scel meganuclease. Examination of the repaired sequences showed that DNA repair occurred only through homologous recombination (HR) with endogenous subtelomeric sequences. Our findings suggest that DSBs in subtelomeric repetitive sequences followed by HR between them may contribute to increased variability in T. cruzi multigene families7CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP306591/2015-411/51693-0; 11/51475-