GESTÃO DO ÓLEO LUBRIFICANTE USADO EM POSTOS DE COMBUSTÍVEIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE TEREZÓPOLIS DE GOIÁS – GO, BRASIL

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130815193The gas stations usually develop several activities that generate waste, and require special care in their final destination, as an example we have used lubricating oil and their packaging materials that are classified as hazardous according to Brazilian standard and must be obeyed to the demands made ​​by specific resolutions regarding the collection, treatment and final disposal. This research aimed to evaluate the management of disposal of lubricating oil and its packaging in gas stations in the municipality of Terezópolis of Goiás - GO. Structured questionnaires for interviews with those responsible for managing these wastes and it was found that only two of the five active stations in the municipality performed the oil change were used. Two stations analyzed the lubricating oil is collected by contractor where recycling is conducted, but the packaging of the oil are intended for controlled municipality landfill, being treated as common waste. We notice that the stations do not comply with the legislation in its entirety, requiring inspections and discussion about the importance of proper waste treatment.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130815193 Os postos de combustíveis em geral desenvolvem atividades que geram diversos resíduos, e que necessitam de cuidados especiais em seu destino final. Como exemplos temos o óleo lubrificante usado e suas embalagens que são classificadas segundo norma brasileira como perigosos, devendo ser obedecidas às exigências feitas por resoluções específicas quanto à coleta, tratamento e disposição final. Essa pesquisa objetivou avaliar a gestão do descarte do óleo lubrificante e sua embalagem em postos de combustíveis do município de Terezópolis de Goiás – GO. Foram utilizados questionários estruturados para entrevistas com os responsáveis pelo gerenciamento desses resíduos e foi constatado que apenas 2 postos dos 5 ativos no município realizavam a troca de óleo. Em dois postos analisados o óleo lubrificante usado é coletado por empresa contratada, onde é realizada a reciclagem, porém as embalagens do óleo são destinadas ao aterro controlado do município, sendo tratado como resíduo comum. Nota-se que os postos não cumprem em sua totalidade a legislação, necessitando de fiscalizações e de discussões sobre a importância do tratamento adequado desses resíduos

The role of environment, space and use of soil on the structure of the functional and taxonomic composition of phytoplankton communities and zooplankton in tropical reservoirs

Submitted by Cássia Santos ([email protected]) on 2016-09-23T10:56:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Barbbara da Silva Rocha - 2016.pdf: 2351043 bytes, checksum: d95e10f7a1753a91ecc8fa4dfc41a698 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2016-09-26T12:08:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Barbbara da Silva Rocha - 2016.pdf: 2351043 bytes, checksum: d95e10f7a1753a91ecc8fa4dfc41a698 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T12:08:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Barbbara da Silva Rocha - 2016.pdf: 2351043 bytes, checksum: d95e10f7a1753a91ecc8fa4dfc41a698 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqOne of the main focuses of ecology and biogeography has been better understanding as historical factors, environmental factors and dispersal ability influence the pattern of species distribution. Besides the environmental conditions and space being considered important components to control the variation in communities, another factor that can influence the beta diversity, but has been little studied, is the land use type. We aimed determine the relative influence of local, spatial components (directional and non-directional) and land use in the taxonomic and functional composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in tropical reservoirs. Data was collected in 25 sampling points in reservoirs in the Rio Preto Basin, which is located in the Federal District-DF, Brazil. We performed a partial redundancy analysis to determine the influence of each component. The space was the only component with significant influence over the two groups (phytoplankton and zooplankton) and both approaches. Local variables had no significant influence on the variation of the communities, as well as the land use. Given the importance of space in the analyzed communities, we applied a protocol based on an spatial autocorrelation analysis, which indicated that the spatial pattern of the communities could be purely associated with dispersal by neutral factors. Our results demonstrated that the spatial component can be significant even in small scale studies to organisms with passive dispersal. Furthermore, it is important consider the connectivity among the environments in investigations with these microorganisms. as well as the use of the functional approach for studies of planktonic distribution, because of it show patterns similar to those found in the taxonomic approach.Um dos principais focos da ecologia e biogeografia tem sido conhecer melhor como fatores históricos, ambientais e a capacidade de dispersão das espécies influenciam no padrão da distribuição das mesmas. Além das condições ambientais e do espaço serem considerados importantes componentes ao controlar a variação nas comunidades, outro fator que também pode influenciar a diversidade beta em ambientes aquáticos é o tipo de uso de solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar a influência relativa dos componentes locais, espaciais (direcional e não-direcional) e de uso de solo na composição taxonômica e funcional das comunidades fitoplanctônicas e zooplanctônicas em reservatórios tropicais. Os dados foram coletados em 25 pontos amostrais em reservatórios na Bacia do Rio Preto, que está localizada no Distrito Federal- DF, Brasil. Para determinar a influência relativa dos componentes realizamos uma análise de redundância parcial. O espaço foi o único componente com influência significativa sobre os dois grupos (fitoplanctônico e zooplanctônico) em ambas abordagens. As variáveis locais não apresentaram influência significativa sobre a variação das comunidades, assim como o tipo de uso de solo. Devido ao importante papel apresentado pelo espaço nas comunidades analisadas, foi aplicado um protocolo baseado em uma análise de autocorrelação espacial, na qual demonstrou que o padrão espacial das comunidades poderia ser associado puramente a fatores neutros de dispersão. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o componente espacial pode ser significativo mesmo em estudos de pequenas escalas para organismos com dispersão passiva. Além disso, é importante considerar a conectividade dentre os ambientes em investigações com esses microrganismos, bem como a utilização da abordagem funcional para estudos sobre a distribuição planctônica, pelo fato da mesma demonstrar padrões semelhantes aos encontrados na abordagem taxonômica

Assessing resilience and sensitivity patterns for fish and phytoplankton in French lakes

International audienceEcosystem vulnerability is crucial information for conservation managers. We assessed the sensitivity and resilience (vulnerability components) patterns of fish and phytoplankton assemblages in French lakes (natural and artificial). We measured resilience (functional redundancy) and sensitivity, an index considering three characteristics of rarity for species. We hypothesized that geographically close lakes have similar resilience and sensitivity for fish assemblages (H1). Then, we tested the correlation between environmental gradients and resilience and sensitivity components, assuming that fish and phytoplankton do not respond similarly to environmental factors and that, consequently, there is no congruence between sensitivity and resilience patterns between of two groups. Also, we tested the hypotheses that species-rich assemblages show higher resilience and sensitivity in French lakes (H2); the highest values of resilience and sensitivity are related to phytoplankton (H3); and assemblages from natural lakes have higher resilience and sensitivity level (H4). We found similar resilience levels in spatially close fish assemblages due to fish dispersal limitations that contributed to create regional patterns in functional structure. Besides, acidity and eutrophication processes are good indicators of sensitivity level for fish. There is a mismatch in resilience and sensitivity levels between fish and phytoplankton, reinforcing importance of using a multi-taxa approach. Also, the components were positively related to taxonomic richness in assemblages showing importance of conserving biodiversity. Finally, we observed higher values of resilience and sensitivity for phytoplankton, as expected for a highly diverse group. Additionally, phytoplankton assemblages in natural lakes showed higher resilience levels than artificial environments, confirming the importance of preserving natural systems to conserve ecosystem functionality

Non-native fishes in Brazilian freshwaters: identifying biases and gaps in ecological research

International audienceBrazil is the country in the world with the highest freshwater fish diversity. Because of the high rates of species introduction, the number of publications about invasive fish has increased in the last decades in this country. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify knowledge patterns and gaps related to the introduction of non-native fishes in distinct Brazilian freshwater ecosystems. Compared to the last official report, we found that the number of records in the literature is three times greater, with at least 352 non-native freshwater fish species (255 translocated and 97 exotics). Studies were concentrated in developed and impacted regions of the country and were mostly conducted in reservoirs and rivers. Only 7% of the studies tested invasion hypotheses, mainly those in the so-called Darwin's and trait concept clusters. Studies that assessed the effects of non-native species investigated a few species, such as Oreochromis niloticus, Coptodon rendalli, or Cichla kelberi. However, the impacts of most species, especially those translocated among Brazilian ecoregions, remain largely unexplored. Therefore, the fish invasion literature in Brazil still has relevant knowledge gaps, biases, and research topics needing investigation. This picture prevents a proper understanding of the ecological and socio-economic consequences of fish introductions to native ecosystems, especially in highly biodiverse regions such as the Amazon. Future research and government agendas should fill these knowledge gaps to allow the establishment of effective surveillance, control, and management programs for non-native fishes in Brazilian freshwaters

Assessing resilience and sensitivity patterns for fish and phytoplankton in French lakes

Ecosystem vulnerability is crucial information for conservation managers. We assessed the sensitivity and resilience (vulnerability components) patterns of fish and phytoplankton assemblages in French lakes (natural and artificial). We measured resilience (functional redundancy) and sensitivity, an index considering three characteristics of rarity for species. We hypothesized that geographically close lakes have similar resilience and sensitivity for fish assemblages (H1). Then, we tested the correlation between environmental gradients and resilience and sensitivity components, assuming that fish and phytoplankton do not respond similarly to environmental factors and that, consequently, there is no congruence between sensitivity and resilience patterns between of two groups. Also, we tested the hypotheses that species-rich assemblages show higher resilience and sensitivity in French lakes (H2); the highest values of resilience and sensitivity are related to phytoplankton (H3); and assemblages from natural lakes have higher resilience and sensitivity level (H4). We found similar resilience levels in spatially close fish assemblages due to fish dispersal limitations that contributed to create regional patterns in functional structure. Besides, acidity and eutrophication processes are good indicators of sensitivity level for fish. There is a mismatch in resilience and sensitivity levels between fish and phytoplankton, reinforcing importance of using a multi-taxa approach. Also, the components were positively related to taxonomic richness in assemblages showing importance of conserving biodiversity. Finally, we observed higher values of resilience and sensitivity for phytoplankton, as expected for a highly diverse group. Additionally, phytoplankton assemblages in natural lakes showed higher resilience levels than artificial environments, confirming the importance of preserving natural systems to conserve ecosystem functionality

Measuring biodiversity vulnerability in French lakes – The IVCLA index

International audienceAssessing the vulnerability of ecosystems to biodiversity loss has become increasingly crucial in conservation and ecology research. This study proposed a methodology for measuring lake vulnerability to biodiversity loss employing an established framework that combines three components. For this, we measured the resilience (functional redundancy) and sensitivity (an index considering three characteristics of rarity) components for fish and phytoplankton communities. We also measured the exposure component of the main stressors in lakes. We then combined the three components and calculated the vulnerability index (IVCLA) using data from 255 French lakes. We found that all lakes exhibited low levels of resilience, elevated sensitivity regarding average values for fish and phytoplankton groups, and medium exposure to stressors associated with human activities. In addition, there were some discrepancies in resilience and sensitivity patterns between fish and phytoplankton groups, emphasizing the importance of considering information from multiple biological groups when assessing ecosystem vulnerability. Hydrological alterations and low water quality were key stressors related to higher lake vulnerability. Most French lakes have been classified as exhibiting moderate vulnerability. It is crucial to emphasize the potential increase in exposure risks, which could lead to even higher vulnerability levels and, subsequently, biodiversity loss in the future. The IVCLA index offers several advantages, including integrating multiple taxa groups and stressors. We recommend incorporating additional data, such as the resilience and sensitivity of the entire food web, and considering temporal responses to stressors to improve accuracy and predictive power. The IVCLA was developed with the purpose of serving as an effective tool for guiding environmental managers in designing conservation strategies and making informed decisions for lake ecosystems

Overcoming the gender bias in ecology and evolution: is the double-anonymized peer review an effective pathway over time?

International audienceMale researchers dominate scientific production in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). However, potential mechanisms to avoid this gender imbalance remain poorly explored in STEM, including ecology and evolution areas. In the last decades, changes in the peer-review process towards double-anonymized (DA) have increased among ecology and evolution (EcoEvo) journals. Using comprehensive data on articles from 18 selected EcoEvo journals with an impact factor >1, we tested the effect of the DA peer-review process in female-leading ( i.e ., first and senior authors) articles. We tested whether the representation of female-leading authors differs between double and single-anonymized (SA) peer-reviewed journals. Also, we tested if the adoption of the DA by previous SA journals has increased the representativeness of female-leading authors over time. We found that publications led by female authors did not differ between DA and SA journals. Moreover, female-leading articles did not increase after changes from SA to DA peer-review. Tackling female underrepresentation in science is a complex task requiring many interventions. Still, our results highlight that adopting the DA peer-review system alone could be insufficient in fostering gender equality in EcoEvo scientific publications. Ecologists and evolutionists understand how diversity is important to ecosystems’ resilience in facing environmental changes. The question remaining is: why is it so difficult to promote and keep this “diversity” in addition to equity and inclusion in the academic environment? We thus argue that all scientists, mentors, and research centers must be engaged in promoting solutions to gender bias by fostering diversity, inclusion, and affirmative measures

Soil chemistry turned upside down: a meta-analysis of invasive earthworm effects on soil chemical properties

12 páginas. 4 figuras.- 2 tablas.- 70 referencias.- Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ 10.1002/ecy.2936/suppinfo .- Data are available from the Dryad Digital Repository: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.59zw3r23dRecent studies have shown that invasive earthworms can dramatically reduce native biodiversity, both above and below the ground. However, we still lack a synthetic understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind these changes, such as whether earthworm effects on soil chemical properties drive such relationships. Here, we investigated the effects of invasive earthworms on soil chemical properties (pH, water content, and the stocks and fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) by conducting a meta‐analysis. Invasive earthworms generally increased soil pH, indicating that the removal of organic layers and the upward transport of more base‐rich mineral soil caused a shift in soil pH. Moreover, earthworms significantly decreased soil water content, suggesting that the burrowing activities of earthworms may have increased water infiltration of and/or increased evapotranspiration from soil. Notably, invasive earthworms had opposing effects on organic and mineral soil for carbon and nitrogen stocks, with decreases in organic, and increases in mineral soil. Nitrogen fluxes were higher in mineral soil, whereas fluxes in organic soil were not significantly affected by the presence of invasive earthworms, indicating that earthworms mobilize and redistribute nutrients among soil layers and increase overall nitrogen loss from the soil. Invasive earthworm effects on element stocks increased with ecological group richness only in organic soil. Earthworms further decreased ammonium stocks with negligible effects on nitrate stocks in organic soil, whereas they increased nitrate stocks but not ammonium stocks in mineral soil. Notably, all of these results were consistent across forest and grassland ecosystems underlining the generality of our findings. However, we found some significant differences between studies that were conducted in the field (observational and experimental settings) and in the lab, such as that the effects on soil pH decreased from field to lab settings, calling for a careful interpretation of lab findings. Our meta‐analysis provides strong empirical evidence that earthworm invasion may lead to substantial changes in soil chemical properties and element cycling in soil. Furthermore, our results can help explain the dramatic effects of invasive earthworms on native biodiversity, for example, shifts towards the dominance of grass species over herbaceous ones, as shown by recent meta‐analyses.This project received support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 677232). Further support came from the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118).Peer reviewe

The Trends to Multi-Authorship and International Collaborative in Ecology Papers

2 pages, 2 figuresOur work on Scientometrics and Ecology has been continuously supported by different grants FAPEG, CNPp and CAPES.Peer Reviewe