La bioprospección en nicaragua: avances en la búsqueda de aplicaciones agrícolas, industriales y ambientales

Nicaragua belongs to one of the mega diversity blocs of the world. Since it is considering to be a geographic bridge, it possesses a privileged tropical position that translates into more than 20 different rich ecosystems in biodiversity. Due to bio-prospecting we understand the research in order to identify species, variety, genes and products with potential or actuals current uses for the human beings. The bio-prospecting advances reported in this article, has permitted until to date, to obtain 92 isolated forms in the Pedro Lazo cheese handcrafted company (76 bacterial, 3 yeast fungus type and 13 isolate filamentous fungus type). A total of 68 isolate in the handcrafted mine from la Libertad, Chontales (44 isolated bacterial, 6 yeast fungus type and 18 isolated filamentous funguses type). From the ecological reserve, El Chocoyero / El Brujo, 44 pure isolated were obtained (22 bacterial and 22 filamentous fungus). Finally; from Rio Chiquito in Leon city, 51 pure isolated were obtained (43 isolated bacterial, 7 filamentous fungi and 1 yeast fungi type). In summary: 255 isolate were obtained between bacterial, filamentous fungus and fungi yeast type, in which we expect to find many isolated with enormous biotechnological potentials.Nicaragua pertenece a uno de los bloques de mega diversidad del mundo. Se considera que por ser un puente geográfico posee una posición tropical privilegiada que se traduce en más de 20 diferentes ecosistemas ricos en biodiversidad. Por Bioprospección entendemos la investigación realizada para identificar especies, variedades, genes y productos con usos actuales o potenciales por parte de la humanidad. Los trabajos de Bioprospección reportados por medio de estos avances, han permitido que la fecha se cuente con 92 aislados de la quesera artesanal Pedro lazo (76 bacterias, 3 hongos levaduriformes y 13 aislados de hongos filamentosos). Un total de 68 aislados de las minas artesanales de La Libertad, Chontales (44 aislados bacterianos, 6 hongos levaduriformes y 18 aislados de hogos filamentosos). De la reserva ecológica El Chocoyero / El Brujo, se obtuvieron 44 aislados puros (22 son bacterias y los otros 22 son hongos filamentosos). Finalmente; Del Río Chiquito en la ciudad de León, se obtuvo 51 aislados puros (43 son aislados bacterianos, 7 son hongos filamentosos y 1 es un hongo levaduriforme). Para un gran total de: 255 aislados entre bacterias, hongos filamentosos y levaduriformes, entre los cuales se espera encontrar muchos con enormes potencialidades biotecnológicas

Hydrogen-Helium Mixtures at High Pressure

The properties of hydrogen-helium mixtures at high pressure are crucial to address important questions about the interior of Giant planets e.g. whether Jupiter has a rocky core and did it emerge via core accretion? Using path integral Monte Carlo simulations, we study the properties of these mixtures as a function of temperature, density and composition. The equation of state is calculated and compared to chemical models. We probe the accuracy of the ideal mixing approximation commonly used in such models. Finally, we discuss the structure of the liquid in terms of pair correlation functions.Comment: Proceedings article of the 5th Conference on Cryocrystals and Quantum Crystals in Wroclaw, Poland, submitted to J. Low. Temp. Phys. (2004

Simulated Optimisation of Disordered Structures with negative Poisson’s ratios

Copyright © 2009 Elsevier. NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Mechanics of Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 41 Issue 8 (2009). DOI: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.04.008Two-dimensional regular theoretical units that give a negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) are well documented and well understood. Predicted mechanical properties resulting from these models are reasonably accurate in two dimensions but fall down when used for heterogeneous real-world materials. Manufacturing processes are seldom perfect and some measure of heterogeneity is therefore required to account for the deviations from the regular unit cells in this real-life situation. Analysis of heterogeneous materials in three dimensions is a formidable problem; we must first understand heterogeneity in two dimensions. This paper approaches the problem of finding a link between heterogeneous networks and its material properties from a new angle. Existing optimisation tools are used to create random two-dimensional topologies that display NPR, and the disorder in the structure and its relationship with NPR is investigated

Final NOMAD results on nu_mu->nu_tau and nu_e->nu_tau oscillations including a new search for nu_tau appearance using hadronic tau decays

Results from the nu_tau appearance search in a neutrino beam using the full NOMAD data sample are reported. A new analysis unifies all the hadronic tau decays, significantly improving the overall sensitivity of the experiment to oscillations. The "blind analysis" of all topologies yields no evidence for an oscillation signal. In the two-family oscillation scenario, this sets a 90% C.L. allowed region in the sin^2(2theta)-Delta m^2 plane which includes sin^2(2theta)<3.3 x 10^{-4} at large Delta m^2 and Delta m^2 < 0.7 eV^2/c^4 at sin^2(2theta)=1. The corresponding contour in the nu_e->nu_tau oscillation hypothesis results in sin^2(2theta)<1.5 x 10^{-2} at large Delta m^2 and Delta m^2 < 5.9 eV^2/c^4 at sin^2(2theta)=1. We also derive limits on effective couplings of the tau lepton to nu_mu or nu_e.Comment: 46 pages, 16 figures, Latex, to appear on Nucl. Phys.

Inclusive production of ρ0(770),f0(980)\rho^{0}(770), f_0(980) and f2(1270)f_2(1270) mesons in νμ\nu_{\mu} charged current interactions

The inclusive production of the meson resonances $\rho^{0}(770)$, $f_0(980)$ and $f_2(1270)$ in neutrino-nucleus charged current interactions has been studied with the NOMAD detector exposed to the wide band neutrino beam generated by 450 GeV protons at the CERN SPS. For the first time the $f_{0}(980)$ meson is observed in neutrino interactions. The statistical significance of its observation is 6 standard deviations. The presence of $f_{2}(1270)$ in neutrino interactions is reliably established. The average multiplicity of these three resonances is measured as a function of several kinematic variables. The experimental results are compared to the multiplicities obtained from a simulation based on the Lund model. In addition, the average multiplicity of $\rho^{0}(770)$ in antineutrino - nucleus interactions is measured.Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures, 8 tables. To appear in Nucl. Phys.