Diagnóstico Ambiental Como Subsídio à Restauração Florestal E Manutenção Hidrológica Da Bacia Do Ribeirão Dos Pinheirinhos, Brotas – Sp

The occupation of Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos caused fragmentation of riparian vegetation, affecting the dynamic environment of the city of Brotas, SP. In this sense, environmental diagnostics acts as an indispensable tool for actions intended to minimize these effects in the medium and long term. The objective of this study was to diagnosis permanent preservation areas (APP) in the basin of Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos, Brotas - SP, in order to determine priority areas for forest restoration. We used a digital cartographic database and IDRISI Andes GIS for spatial analysis and image processing. Map and soil coverage was generated by the application of supervised classification algorithm for maximum likelihood, and the PPA's defined according to the Brazilian Forest Code, to identify their land use. It was subsequently generated a map of distance to the sources, which crossed the land resulting in the map of priority areas for forest restoration. Agricultural crops and bare soil (73.70%) predominate, leaving only 23.14% of remaining forest. It was observed that 32.09% of APP's are improperly employed. Thus, it is evident the need for investment for conservation of forest remnants, with better planning land use and adaptation to government agencies legislation, since 68.45% of the total area was classified as high to too high priority for restoration, a percentage that increases with the expansion of farming. © 2016, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP. All rights reserved.21111

Acute neuroinflammation elicited by TLR-3 systemic activation combined with early life stress induces working memory impairments in male adolescent mice

Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) are implicated with the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment induced by inflammation. Early life stress is associated with altered trajectories of neuroimmune signaling with implications for cognitive development. However, effects of TLR-3 activation on early life stress-related cognitive outcomes are understudied. We investigated the effects of maternal separation (MS) during postnatal development and a viral immune challenge during adolescence on working memory performance. BALB/c mice exposed to MS were separated from their dams daily for 180-min from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 15. At PND 45, animals were challenged with a single i.p. injection of either Poly (I:C) or sterile saline, and then subjected to a spatial working memory test in a Y-maze apparatus. Gene expression was determined by qPCR. Protein levels of oxidative stress markers were also assessed. A single peripheral administration of a TLR-3 agonist was able to induce working memory impairments in adolescent mice exposed to MS. At a molecular level, exposure to MS was associated with lower mRNA levels of Tlr3 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, when MS animals were exposed to Poly (I:C), a more robust activation of Tlr3, Il6 and Nfkb1 gene transcription was observed in these mice compared with control animals. These modifications did not result in oxidative stress. Finally, higher mRNA levels of Nfkb1 in the mPFC were correlated with lower working memory performance, suggesting that altered NF-\u3baB signaling might be related with poor cognitive functioning. These results have implications for how ELS affects neuroimmune signaling in the mPFC

Stellar evolution and modelling stars

In this chapter I give an overall description of the structure and evolution of stars of different masses, and review the main ingredients included in state-of-the-art calculations aiming at reproducing observational features. I give particular emphasis to processes where large uncertainties still exist as they have strong impact on stellar properties derived from large compilations of tracks and isochrones, and are therefore of fundamental importance in many fields of astrophysics.Comment: Lecture presented at the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences on "Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds" (arXiv:1709.00645), which took place in Horta, Azores Islands, Portugal in July 201

The fraction of cancer attributable to ways of life, infections, occupation, and environmental agents in Brazil in 2020

Many human cancers develop as a result of exposure to risk factors related to the environment and ways of life. The aim of this study was to estimate attributable fractions of 25 types of cancers resulting from exposure to modifiable risk factors in Brazil. The prevalence of exposure to selected risk factors among adults was obtained from population-based surveys conducted from 2000 to 2008. Risk estimates were based on data drawn from metaanalyses or large, high quality studies. Population-attributable fractions (PAF) for a combination of risk factors, as well as the number of preventable deaths and cancer cases, were calculated for 2020. The known preventable risk factors studied will account for 34% of cancer cases among men and 35% among women in 2020, and for 46% and 39% deaths, respectively. The highest attributable fractions were estimated for tobacco smoking, infections, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, excess weight, reproductive factors, and physical inactivity. This is the first study to systematically estimate the fraction of cancer attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in Brazil. Strategies for primary prevention of tobacco smoking and control of infection and the promotion of a healthy diet and physical activity should be the main priorities in policies for cancer prevention in the country. \ua9 2016 Azevedo e Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Text-driven video acceleration:A weakly-supervised reinforcement learning method

The growth of videos in our digital age and the users' limited time raise the demand for processing untrimmed videos to produce shorter versions conveying the same information. Despite the remarkable progress that summarization methods have made, most of them can only select a few frames or skims, creating visual gaps and breaking the video context. This paper presents a novel weakly-supervised methodology based on a reinforcement learning formulation to accelerate instructional videos using text. A novel joint reward function guides our agent to select which frames to remove and reduce the input video to a target length without creating gaps in the final video. We also propose the Extended Visually-guided Document Attention Network (VDAN+), which can generate a highly discriminative embedding space to represent both textual and visual data. Our experiments show that our method achieves the best performance in Precision, Recall, and F1 Score against the baselines while effectively controlling the video's output length. IEE

LESÕES ANATOMOPATOLÓGICAS PRESENTES NA INFECÇÃO POR DIOCTOPHYMA RENALE (GOEZE, 1782) EM CÃES DOMÉSTICOS (CANIS FAMILIARIS,) LINNAEUS, 1758

Os autores descrevem as lesões anatomopatológicas de onze casos de parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), na cidade de Curitiba - PR, Brasil, constatados em necrópsias e achados clínicos em 1960 cães, no período de 1979 a 2004. Anatomopathologic lesions found in Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782) infections in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, LINNAEUS, 1758 Abstract The authors describe the anatomopathologic lesions of eleven cases of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), in Curitiba (PR, Brazil), found among 1960 necropsies carried out between 1979 and 2004 in dogs