MAXILLOMANDIBULAR ADVANCEMENT SURGERY FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA/HYPOPNEA SYNDROME (OSAHS)

Treatment of upper airway occlusion (UAO) during sleep has been re-evaluated because of the observation of the failure of some therapeutic techniques. The different interpretations of the pattern of obstruction in UAO seem to determine the success or failure of surgical treatment. Surgery for maxillomandibular advancement has proved to be the most efficient surgical treatment of OSAHS (excluding tracheostomy), with a high success rate. In order to better understand the procedure of maxillomandibular advancement and to discuss the numerous difficulties pointed out, we present the diagnostic methodology, surgical description, results, complications, and advantages of this procedure. After surgery for maxillomandibular advancement, patients with OSAHS show the absence or a marked reduction of symptoms and improvement of polysonographic indices, with a consequent improvement of quality of life. Thus, this surgery represents an important tool to be used in the treatment of OSAHS.O tratamento da oclusão das vias aéreas superiores (VAS) durante o sono tem merecido reavaliação pela constatação de insucessos de algumas técnicas terapêuticas. As diferentes interpretações dos padrões de obstrução nas VAS parecem determinar o sucesso ou falha do tratamento cirúrgico. A cirurgia de avanço maxilomandibular tem se apresentado como o tratamento cirúrgico mais eficiente para SAHOS (excluindo a traqueostomia), com elevados índices de sucesso. Com o objetivo de melhor compreendermos o procedimento de avanço maxilomandibular, bem como desmistificar as inúmeras dificuldades apontadas, apresentamos a metodologia diagnóstica, descrição cirúrgica, resultados, complicações e vantagens deste procedimento. Os pacientes portadores de SAHOS, depois da cirurgia de avanço maxilomandibular, apresentam ausência ou redução acentuada dos sintomas e melhora dos índices polissonográficos e conseqüente melhora em sua qualidade de vida. Portanto, essa cirurgia apresenta-se como uma importante ferramenta para ser utilizada no tratamento da SAHOS

AÇÃO MODULADORA DE EXTRATOS ETANÓLICOS DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS SOBRE ANTIBIÓTICOS EM CEPA DE Staphylococcus aureus METICILINA-RESISTENTE

É crescente o aumento de casos de micro-organismos resistentes a múltiplos fármacos, principalmente bactérias, o que tem sensibilizado pesquisadores do mundo inteiro a buscar nas plantas, recursos que possam mitigar as consequências causadas por estes micro-organismos. Uma das estratégias atuais tem sido associar plantas com antimicrobianos já licenciados e utilizados na terapêutica, na tentativa de encontrar ações sinérgicas que possam driblar os mecanismos de resistência bacteriana. O presente trabalho buscou avaliar o efeito modulador de plantas medicinais sobre a atividade de dois antibióticos betalactâmicos, ampicilina e cefriaxona, e um aminoglicosídeo, a gentamicina; através da técnica da microdiluição em placas, utilizando-se uma cepa de Staphylococcus aureus meticilina-resistente - MRSA. Os resultados apontam para um provável sinergismo entre Schinus terebinthifolius e Punica granatum com o aminoglicosídeo gentamicina, o que oferece novas oportunidades para futuros estudos em busca do composto ativo destas plantas e assim melhorar a atividade e eficácia de tratamentos terapêuticos envolvendo os aminoglicosídeos em infecções causadas por micro-organismos multirresistentes

Manejo de lesões cutâneas pré-cancerígenas: Atualizações e Diretrizes Dermatológicas

Objective: The article aims to address the management of pre-cancerous skin lesions, providing a comprehensive review of current dermatological updates and guidelines. Introduction: Focusing on clinical aspects, physiological, genetic, and environmental factors, the aim is to offer a holistic view of these lesions. Methodology: An integrative review is included, highlighting inclusion and exclusion criteria, intending to contribute to a thorough understanding and guide informed clinical practices. Results: The integrative and comprehensive approach in managing pre-cancerous skin lesions, supported by dermatological updates, promotes crucial advancements to optimize clinical practices and the quality of dermatological care. Conclusion: In summary, the centered and collaborative approach, supported by the importance of updated guidelines in managing pre-cancerous skin lesions, enhances the prevention and treatment of these dermatological conditions.Objetivo: O artigo visa abordar o manejo de lesões cutâneas pré-cancerígenas, proporcionando uma revisão abrangente das atuais atualizações e diretrizes dermatológicas. Introdução: Com foco em aspectos clínicos, fatores fisiológicos, genéticos e ambientais, o objetivo é oferecer uma visão holística dessas lesões. Metodologia: Inclui-se uma revisão integrativa, destacando critérios de inclusão e exclusão, com a intenção de contribuir para uma compreensão aprofundada e direcionar práticas clínicas informadas. Resultados: A abordagem integrativa e abrangente no manejo de lesões cutâneas pré-cancerígenas, respaldada por atualizações dermatológicas, promove avanços cruciais para otimizar práticas clínicas e a qualidade dos cuidados dermatológicos. Conclusão: Em síntese, a abordagem centrada e colaborativa  respaldada pela a importância de diretrizes atualizadas no manejo de lesões cutâneas pré-cancerígenas, aprimora a prevenção e tratamento dessas condições dermatológicas

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data