Synergistic mixed-layer height retrieval method using microwave radiometer and lidar ceilometer observations

This paper tackles synergistic mixed-layer height (MLH) estimation via a combination of microwave radiometer (MWR) and lidar ceilometer (LC)-based estimates. While MLH-MWR estimates rely on potential temperature retrievals, MLH-LC estimates rely on aerosol gradients. The pros and cons of MLH retrievals obtained from MWR via the parcel method and from LC via an extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based method are used to motivate the synergistic algorithm. The synergistic algorithm is introduced as a maximum-likelihood combination of MLH-MWR and MLH-LC. Two case examples from the 2013 HOPE campaign at Jülich, Germany, are used to show the robustness of the synergistic method and the effect of surface temperature measurement error. Doppler wind lidar retrievals and radiosonde reference MLH estimates are used for validation.This research is part of the projects PGC2018-094132-B-I00 and MDM-2016-0600 (“CommSensLab” Excellence Unit) funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Investigación (MCIN)/ Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/ 10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER. Data were provided by Julich Observatory for Cloud Evolution (JOYCE-CF), a core facility funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via grant DFG LO 901/7-1. The work of M.P.A.S was supported under Grant PRE2018-086054 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”. The European Commission collaborated under projects H2020 ACTRIS-IMP (GA871115) and H2020 ATMO-ACCESS (GA-101008004).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

A unified formulation for the computation of the six-degrees-of-freedom-motion-induced errors in floating Doppler wind LiDARs

This work presents an analytical formulation to assess the six-degrees-of-freedom-motion-induced error in floating Doppler wind LiDARs (FDWLs). The error products derive from the horizontal wind speed bias and apparent turbulence intensity. Departing from a geometrical formulation of the FDWL attitude and of the LiDAR retrieval algorithm, the contributions of the rotational and translational motion to the FDWL-measured total error are computed. Central to this process is the interpretation of the velocity–azimuth display retrieval algorithm in terms of a first-order Fourier series. The obtained 6 DoF formulation is validated numerically by means of a floating LiDAR motion simulator and experimentally in nearshore and open-sea scenarios in the framework of the Pont del Petroli and IJmuiden campaigns, respectively. Both measurement campaigns involved a fixed and a floating ZephIRTM 300 LiDAR. The proposed formulation proved capable of estimating the motion-induced FDWL horizontal wind speed bias and returned similar percentiles when comparing the FDWL with the fixed LiDAR. The estimations of the turbulence intensity increment statistically matched the FDWL measurements under all motional and wind scenarios when clustering the data as a function of the buoy’s mean tilt amplitude, mean translational-velocity amplitude, and mean horizontal wind speed.This research project was part of the project PID2021-126436OB-C21 funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Investigación (MCIN)/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033 y FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”. The work of A. Salcedo-Bosch was supported by grant 2020 FISDU 00455 funded by Generalitat de Catalunya—AGAUR. The work of M.P Araújo da Silva was supported under Grant PRE2018-086054 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”. The European Commission collaborated under projects H2020 ATMO-ACCESS (GA-101008004) and H2020 ACTRIS-IMP (GA-871115).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO À EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: CONCEPÇÃO POLÍTICA DE ENSINO INTEGRADO EM UMA ESCOLA DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NA CIDADE BELÉM/PA

Analisa a proposta de Ensino Médio Integrado (EMI), a partir do Projeto Político-Pedagógico de uma escola de educação profissional na cidade de Belém/PA. Trata-se de analisar por meio do planejamento pedagógico dos professores, a relevância e profundidade da realização do ensino médio integrado na escola. Mediante uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa nos revelou que o EMI avança em iniciativas isoladas dos docentes, porém é comprometido pela ausência de um planejamento coletivo e interdisciplinar, o que prejudica a realização da integração do ensino. Dessa forma, a desintegração do ensino de base propedêutica com os conhecimentos técnicos do trabalho constitui um ensino médio dual, o que compromete a formação acadêmica e política dos sujeitos da escol

Assessing Obukhov length and friction velocity from floating lidar observations: A data screening and sensitivity computation approach

This work presents a parametric-solver algorithm for estimating atmospheric stability and friction velocity from floating Doppler wind lidar (FDWL) observations close to the mast of IJmuiden in the North Sea. The focus of the study was two-fold: (i) to examine the sensitivity of the computational algorithm to the retrieved variables and derived stability classes (the latter through confusion-matrix theory), and (ii) to present data screening procedures for FDWLs and fixed reference instrumentation. The performance of the stability estimation algorithm was assessed with reference to wind speed and temperature observations from the mast. A fixed-to-mast Doppler wind lidar (DWL) was also available, which provides a reference for wind-speed observations free from sea-motion perturbations. When comparing FDWL- and mast-derived mean wind speeds, the obtained determination coefficient was as high as that of the fixed-to-mast DWL against the mast (ρ2=0.996) with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.25 m/s. From the 82-day measurement campaign at IJmuiden (10,833 10 min records), the parametric algorithm showed that the atmosphere was neutral (31% of the cases), stable (28%), or near-neutral stable (19%) during most of the campaign. These figures satisfactorily agree with values estimated from the mast measurements (31%, 27%, and 19%, respectively).This research was part of the projects PGC2018-094132-B-I00 and MDM-2016-0600 (Comm- SensLab Excellence Unit) funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Investigación (MCIN)/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER. The work of M.P.A.S was supported under grant PRE2018-086054 funded by MCIN/AEU/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE in- vierte en tu futuro”. The work of A.S-B was supported by grant 2020 FISDU 00455 funded by Generalitat de Catalunya—AGAUR. The European Commission collaborated under projects H2020 ACTRIS-IMP (GA-871115) and H2020 ATMO-ACCESS (GA-101008004). The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), KIC InnoEnergy project NEPTUNE (call FP7), supported the measurement campaigns.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Floating lidar assessment of atmospheric stability in the North Sea

In this work, the 2D parametric-solver algorithm [1] used to assess atmospheric stability from floating Doppler wind lidar (FDWL) measurements is revisited. The algorithm performance is studied using data from IJmuiden campaign. Mast-measured temperature and wind-speed provided the reference parameters used to evaluate the performance of the stability estimation algorithm. From 5,922 10-min samples available, the algorithm classified the atmosphere as stable (52% of the cases), neutral (31%) and unstable (17%), which successfully agreed with the mast-derived reference classification (53%, 30% and 17%, respectively).This research is part of the projects PGC2018-094132-B-I00 and MDM2016-0600 (“CommSensLab” Excellence Unit) funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Investigación (MCIN)/ Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”. The work of M.P Araujo da Silva was supported under Grant PRE2018-086054 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”. The work of A. Salcedo-Bosch was supported under grant 2020 FISDU 00455 funded by Generalitat de Catalunya—AGAUR. The European Commission collaborated under projects H2020 ACTRIS-IMP (GA-871115) and H2020 ATMO-ACCESS (GA-101008004).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Clouds’ microphysical properties and their relationship with lightning activity in northeast Brazil

The Northeast region of Brazil (NEB) has a high rate of deaths from lightning strikes (18% of the country’s total). The region has states, such as Piauí, with high mortality rates (1.8 deaths per million), much higher than the national rate (0.8) and the NEB rate (0.5). In this sense, the present work analyzes the microphysical characteristics of clouds with and without the occurrence of total lightning. For this purpose, data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS), TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR), aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite from 1998 to 2013 were used. The TRMM data were analyzed to establish a relationship between the occurrence of lightning and the clouds’ microphysical characteristics, comparing them as a function of lightning occurrence classes, spatial location and atmospheric profiles. A higher lightning occurrence is associated with higher values of ice water path (>38.9 kg m-2), rain water path (>2 kg m-2), convective precipitation (>5 mm h-1) and surface precipitation (>7 mm h-1), in addition to slightly higher freezing level height values. Reflectivity observations (>36 dBZ) demonstrated typical convective profile curves, with higher values associated with classes with higher lightning densities (class with more than 6.8 flash km-2 year-1)This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Processo de decisão em tempos de pandemia: a aplicação do Business Intelligence (BI) como suporte à deliberação na administração pública

O presente documento tem por objetivo prestar orientações aos gestores públicos no processo de tomada de decisão, utilizando ferramentas de informações e análise de dados, mais especificamente o BI “business intelligence”.Caderno Enap, 92Coleção: Covid-19 Fast TrackGestão PúblicaSaúdeInclui Sumário Executiv

Diferenciais de rendimentos entre atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas no meio rural do Brasil

The objective of this study is to estimate income differentials between agricultural and nonagricultural activities in rural areas of the country. The data used are The objective of this study is to estimate income differentials between agricultural and nonagricultural activities in rural areas of the country. The data used are from PNAD (2015) and the models used were Blinder-Oaxaca and RIF Regression. It can be seen that nonagricultural activities generate higher incomes when compared to agricultural ones. Schooling is the variable that best explains the fact that nonagricultural activities earn higher incomes than agricultural ones.O objetivo desse estudo é estimar os diferenciais de rendimentos entre as atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas no meio rural do país. Os dados utilizados são provenientes da PNAD (2015) e os modelos usados foram Blinder-Oaxaca e RIF Regression. Constata-se que as atividades não agrícolas geram rendimentos maiores quando comparadas com as agrícolas. De todas as variáveis utilizadas na amostra, a escolaridade é a que explica melhor o fato de as atividades não agrícolas auferirem rendimentos superiores as agrícolas

Síndrome do intestino irritável: aspectos patogênicos e terapêuticos.

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by chronic symptoms, including recurrent abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, abdominal distension and discomfort associated with defecation. Objective: To evaluate the pathogenesis and management of irritable bowel syndrome. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review that included original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese, which addressed the pathogenic components and treatment of IBS, published between 2013 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. After careful selection, 24 articles were chosen to compose this bibliographic review. Results: There are multiple relevant aspects in understanding the framework. The genetic characteristics are notable, given the polymorphisms associated with interleukins, adrenergic receptors, serotonin and cholecystokinin receptors. In addition, the brain-gut axis plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of IBS, with emotional stressors triggering gastrointestinal dysmotility and an exacerbated motor response. Management includes interventions such as a low-FODMAP diet, antispasmodics, antidepressants and agents that modulate intestinal transit, allowing treatment to be personalized based on the symptoms and individual characteristics of each patient. Considerations: The pathogenesis of the condition is complex, involving genetic, neurohormonal aspects, infections, and eating habits. Management includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, differences in care in individuality and particularity are observed depending on the patient's clinical manifestations.Introdução: A síndrome do intestino irritável (SII), é uma desordem funcional do trato gastrointestinal caracterizada por sintomas crônicos, incluindo dor abdominal recorrente, alterações no hábito intestinal, distensão abdominal e desconforto associado à defecação. Objetivo: Avaliar a patogênese e o manejo da síndrome do intestino irritável. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica que incluiu artigos originais e revisões sistemáticas em inglês e português, que abordaram os os componentes patogênicos e tratamento da SII, publicados entre 2013 e 2024, selecionados nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Após a seleção criteriosa, foram escolhidos 24 artigos para compor esta revisão bibliográfica. Resultados: Há múltiplos aspectos relevantes na compreensão do quadro. É notável as características genéticas, vistos os polimorfismos associados a interleucinas, receptores adrenérgicos, receptores de serotonina e colecistocinina. Além do eixo cérebro-intestino exerce um papel significativo na fisiopatologia da SII, com estressores emocionais desencadeando dismotilidade gastrointestinal e uma resposta motora exacerbada. O manejo inclui intervenções, como dieta baixa em FODMAPs, antiespasmódicos, antidepressivos e agentes moduladores do trânsito intestinal, permitindo a personalização do tratamento com base nos sintomas e nas características individuais de cada paciente. Considerações: A patogênese do quadro é complexa, envolvendo aspectos genéticos, neuro-hormonais, infecções, hábitos alimentares. O manejo inclui intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, observa-se as diferenças dos cuidados na individualidade e particularidade a depender das manifestações clínicas do paciente