Telemedicina no acesso à saúde durante a pandemia de covid-19: uma revisão de escopo

OBJETIVO: Mapear a contribuição da telemedicina para o acesso à saúde dos pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas em ações de cuidados continuados (exceto para covid-19) no contexto da pandemia. MÉTODOS: Trata de revisão de escopo, com adaptação da metodologia Prisma-Scr e utilizou a estratégia População (Pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas), Conceito (Telemedicina como ferramenta de acesso à saúde) e Contexto (Pandemia de covid-19). Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS e SciELO, que resultou em um total de 18 artigos ao final da revisão. As dimensões de análise utilizadas foram tecnológica, sociocultural e assistencial. RESULTADOS: Entre os artigos analisados, 88% demonstraram o aumento do uso da telemedicina para realização do cuidado durante a pandemia. Identificamos que a utilização da telemedicina esteve relacionada positivamente com a diminuição de complicações e a falta de necessidade de deslocamento físico para o atendimento com ampliação da assistência para áreas rurais. Barreiras importantes foram apresentadas, sendo a exclusão digital e barreiras socioculturais de idioma e falta de acessibilidade dos instrumentos tecnológicos para portadores de deficiência as principais. CONCLUSÕES: A inovação nos arranjos assistenciais ressalta a importância do trabalho vivo no processo de produção do cuidado, com o emprego de tipos de tecnologias diversos, e expressa tensionamentos em decorrência das forças atuantes na micropolítica do cuidado. Concluimos que, apesar de barreiras importantes, a telemedicina contribuiu para o cuidado dos pacientes crônicos durante a pandemia de COVID-19.OBJECTIVE: Mapping the role of telemedicine in the health access of patients with chronic diseases in continuous care actions (except for covid-19) during the pandemic. METHODS: This is a scope review, with an adapted version of the Prisma-Scr methodology and using the Population (patients with chronic diseases), Concept (telemedicine as a health access tool) and Context (covid-19 pandemic) strategy. We searched through the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and SciELO, resulting in 18 articles at the end of the review. We used the technological, sociocultural and assistance analysis dimensions. RESULTS: Eighty-eight percent of the analyzed papers posited that telemedicine use to provide care increased during the pandemic. We identified that this use was positively related to the reduction of complications and the absence of physical displacement for care, expanding it to rural areas. Important barriers were presented, most importantly the digital exclusion, language sociocultural barriers, and inaccessibility to technological instruments for disabled people. CONCLUSIONS: Innovation in care arrangements calls attention to how living labor is important to produce healthcare, using various technologies, and reveals tensions caused by the forces acting on healthcare micro politics. We conclude that, despite important barriers, telemedicine contributed to the care of chronic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

A literatura infantojuvenil inglesa no ensino básico: uma experiência com o livro The Missing Piece, de Shel Silverstein

The Missing Piece (1976), do escritor norte-americano Shel Silverstein, narra a história de um personagem em busca da parte que lhe falta para completar a sua essência, ou melhor, narra o percurso de um personagem por algo que possa lhe completar, para que assim, ele possa atingir a tão almejada felicidade. O livro é ilustrado, possui linguagem simples e é repleto de lacunas que podem e devem ser preenchidas pelo leitor durante o processo de leitura (ISER, 1978). Essas lacunas possibilitam e exigem do leitor um envolvimento, e, portanto, um papel ativo, ou seja, de protagonista no momento de leitura. Abordando um dilema verídico de forma alegórica, a obra possibilita a abertura de questões filosóficas acerca das constantes buscas cotidianas e da construção de identidade. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetiva apresentar o uso de literatura na aula de língua estrangeira, especificamente o trabalho com The Missing Piece. Para tanto, abordamos as concepções de Rildo Cosson (2015), de Gilian Lazar (1993) e Ronald Carter e Michael Long (2007), que afirmam que a literatura em língua estrangeira desenvolve as competências linguística e literária, possibilitando a discussão de temas filosóficos ligados aos conflitos inerentes do ser humano, e de Jorge Larrosa (2017) sobre a experiência e o saber de experiência na educação

Basalt rock powder and organic compounds in corn crops

The use of basalt rock powder associated with an organic fertilizer with compost can be an option to reduce the use of soluble fertilizers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic compost and basalt rock powder on the agronomic traits of the corn crop and on the levels of nutrients available in the soil solution, with two additional treatments of fertilization with NPK. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme (5x2) + 2, with two additional and four replications. The first factor consisted of five doses of organic compost (0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha-1) and the second factor, with and without basalt rock dust (0 and 8 t ha-1). The additional treatment consisted of the application of 150 kg ha-1 of formulated NPK (10-15-15), equivalent to ½ of the recommended dose for the crop, associated with 8 t ha-1 of basalt rock powder and the second additional treatment consisted in the application of 300 kg ha-1 of formulated 10-15-15 of NPK and without rock dust. The agronomic characteristics of corn and the nutrient contents in the soil solution were evaluated. The results showed that the use of organic compost associated with rock dust promoted soil chemical improvements, especially pH elevation and calcium content increase. There was no effect of organic compost with rock powder on the agronomic characteristics of corn evaluated. The use of chemical fertilizer of an NPK formulation improved the corn crop compared to the use of organic compost and rock dust. The application of 8 t ha-1 of basalt rock powder, associated with 150 kg ha-1 of a formulated NPK improved the development of the corn crop compared to the use of 300 kg ha-1

Determination of the nutritional value of diet containing bacillus subtilis hydrolyzed feather meal in adult dogs

Feathers are naturally made up of non-digestible proteins. Under thermal processing, total tract digestibility can be partially improved. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis (Bs) has shown a hydrolytic effect In vitro. Then, a Bs FTC01 was selected to hydrolyze enough feathers to produce a meal, and then test the quality and inclusion in the dog’s diet to measure the apparent total tract digestibility coefficient (ATTDC) in vivo and the microorganism’s ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract. A basal diet was added with 9.09% hydrolyzed Bs feather meal (HFMBs) or 9.09% thermally hydrolyzed feather meal (HFMT). Nine adult dogs were randomized into two 10-day blocks and fed different diets. Microbial counts were performed on feather meal, diets and feces. The Bs was less effective in digesting the feathers, which reduced the ATTDC of dry matter, crude protein, energy and increased the production of fecal DM, but the fecal score was maintained (p > 0.05). The digestible energy of HFMT and HFMBs was 18,590 J/kg and 9196 J/kg, respectively. Bacillus subtilis showed limitation to digest feather in large scale, but the resistance of Bs to digestion was observed since it grown on feces culture

Influence of temperature and culture media on growth and lipolytic activity of deep-sea Halomonas sulfidaeris LAMA 838 and Marinobacter excellens LAMA 842

Bacteria with lipolytic activity are widespread in the marine environment. These organisms can be usedas a source of lipases with activity in unusual conditions such as low temperatures and high salinities.These characteristics allow them to be applied to several industrial processes and products includingwastewater treatment and detergent production. In this context the lipolytic activity of bacteria isolatedfrom deep-sea sediments of the South Atlantic was evaluated. Among the collection studied, two strains,Halomonas sulfidaeris LAMA 838 and Marinobacter excellens LAMA 842, were selected for further analysisconcerning their growth and lipolytic activity in different temperatures and culture media. Both strainswere characterized as mesophiles: H. sulfidaeris LAMA 838 grew best at 30ºC, while M. excellens LAMA 842showed a maximum growth rate between 20 and 25ºC. Maximum lipolytic activity for both microorganismswas observed above 45ºC, but only M. excellens LAMA 842 had lipolytic activity at low temperatures (5ºC) aswell. Considering the culture media employed, H. sulfidaeris LAMA 838 grew better in marine broth withoutTween 40, while M. excellens LAMA 842 grew best in marine broth supplemented with Tween 40. Bothorganisms had maximum lipolytic activity in rich or minimal media supplemented with Tween 40. Theseresults demonstrate the potential of deep-sea bacteria as sources of lipases and indicate conditions thatmay be used in their cultivation and for the production of industrially relevant enzymes

Exposure to pesticides in pregnant women: an integrative review

Background: Considering the development model adopted in Brazilian agriculture, which is based on the increasing demand for chemicals, studies that analyze the impact of pesticide use are relevant to measure the developments in affected populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review using the digital platform, searching for scientific publications from 2009–2019 on exposure of pregnant women to pesticides. Methods: We used PubMed to search for scientific articles published between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019, and related to exposure of pregnant women to pesticides in rural areas. Results: Initially, 207 publications were selected considering the titles and abstracts. Literature works that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. After selection, 15 studies remained. According to the publications on the exposure of pregnant women to pesticides in rural areas from 2009 to 2019, it was found that the damage caused by pesticide exposure to the health of pregnant women and their babies includes problems in gestational weight gain, premature birth, low birth weight, presence of pesticides in blood of both mother and newborn, presence of agricultural pesticides in the cerebral cortex of fetus, and miscarriages. Conclusion: Future prospective studies at individual level are needed to better assess the potential impact of pesticide exposure on the health of pregnant women and newborns

EFFECT OF SEXING ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF ROSS® 308 AP BROILERS

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of sexing on performance, carcass characteristics, bone development, and profitability of Ross® 308 AP broilers. Six hundred chicks, one day old, reared by sex separation, were used. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with three treatments composed of lots separated by sex (males, females, and mixed) and five replications. Live weight, weight gain, feed intake and conversion, carcass weight and yield, commercial cuts, edible offal, and abdominal fat were evaluated. The length, thickness, weight, and Seedor index of the long bones (tibiotarsus and femur) were measured to assess bone development. An analysis of viability (VB), productive efficiency index (PEI), and profitability was carried out. The productive performance of broilers raised in male and mixed lots was higher from 1 to 21 days compared to the productive performance of females. The broilers from the mixed lots had greater femur length than the female lot, not differing from the males. Ross® 308 AP male broilers had better performance, carcass characteristics, and most parameters related to bone development than the mixed and female lots. However, mixed lots showed higher profitability than male and female lots.Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da sexagem no desempenho, características de carcaça, desenvolvimento ósseo e lucratividade de frangos de corte Ross 308. Foram utilizados 600 pintinhos, com um dia de idade, criados por separação do sexo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos que foram lotes separados por sexo (machos, fêmeas e mistos) e cinco repetições. Avaliou-se o peso vivo, ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar, o peso e rendimento de carcaça, cortes comerciais, miúdos comestíveis e da gordura abdominal. Para avaliação do desenvolvimento ósseo foram mensurados o comprimento, espessura, peso e índice de Seedor dos ossos longos (tíbia e fêmur). Fizeram-se análises de viabilidade criatória (VC), índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP) e lucratividade. O desempenho produtivo dos frangos criados em lotes de machos e mistos foram maiores a partir do período de 1 a 21 dias quando comparado ao desempenho produtivo de fêmeas. O lote de frangos mistos teve comprimento de fêmur superior aos de machos e fêmeas. O lote misto foi mais lucrativo do que o lote de machos e fêmeas. Frangos de cortes machos, da linhagem Ross 308® apresentaram melhores desempenho produtivo, características de carcaça e a maioria dos parâmetros relacionados ao desenvolvimento ósseo do que os lotes de mistos e os de fêmeas. Porém, lotes mistos apresentaram maior lucratividade do que os lotes de machos e fêmeas

Como conduzir o primeiro atendimento a pacientes vítimas de queimaduras: uma breve revisão bibliográfica / How to deliver the first medical attention for burn injury patients: a brief bibliographic review

As queimaduras consistem em lesões cutâneas provocadas, geralmente, pelo contato direto com alguma fonte de calor ou frio, radiações, corrente elétrica, determinados produtos químicos, fricções ou plantas e animais específicos. Apresentam diferentes tipos de acometimento, podendo atingir as camadas mais superficiais da pele e também alcançar níveis mais profundos, comprometendo músculos e ossos. Quanto à profundidade, as queimaduras diferenciam-se em três níveis: primeiro, segundo e terceiro grau, sendo a classificação de segundo grau subdividida em outras duas: segundo gral superficial e profundo