Dépression et consommation de substances psychoactives chez les enseignants d'une université publique

O trabalho vem sofrendo mudanças de cunho político, cultural e institucional, as quais tem submetido o trabalhador a uma rotina mais intensa e desgastante. Estas transformações impactaram na organização e nas condições de trabalho docente, sendo associadas ao adoecimento do professor, ao sofrimento psíquico apreendido como depressão e ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas. Objetivou-se descrever as relações entre a depressão e o consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre professores universitários. Pesquisa desenvolvida em uma universidade pública, cujos dados foram coletados pelo Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test e Beck Depression Inventory. 80% dos docentes pesquisados afirmou consumo bebida alcoólica e 27,3% derivados do tabaco; dentre as substâncias consideradas ilícitas a maconha se destaca (15,2%). Identificaram-se indícios de depressão concentrados em homens (52,6%), com idade entre 31 a 40 anos, casados e com mestrado (57,9%). Quanto à associação entre o uso de alguma substância psicoativa e a sintomatologia depressiva, esta foi mais prevalente entre aqueles que mencionaram o consumo de bebida alcoólica (68,4%). Mesmo sendo condições determinadas por vários e complexos fatores, existem relações entre a depressão e o uso de substâncias psicoativas entre os docentes no cenário pesquisado; a precarização do trabalho gera sofrimento psíquico e o adoecimento do professor.El trabajo ha sufrido cambios políticos, culturales e institucionales, que han sometido al trabajador a una rutina intensa y agotadora. Estas transformaciones impactaron la organización y condiciones de trabajo de docentes, al estar asociadas a la enfermedad del docente, al sufrimiento psíquico aprehendido como depresión y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. El objetivo de  estudio fue describir la relación entre depresión y uso de sustancias psicoactivas entre docentes universitarios. Investigación desarrollada en universidad pública, cuyos datos se recopilaron mediante pruebas de detección de alcohol, tabaquismo e implicación de sustancias e inventario de depresión de Beck. El 80% de los docentes encuestados declararon el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y el 27,3% de productos de tabaco; Entre las sustancias consideradas ilegales destaca la marihuana (15,2%). Se encontró evidencia de depresión en hombres (52.6%), de 31 a 40 años, casados ​​con maestría (57.9%). En cuanto la asociación entre el uso de sustancia psicoactiva y sintomatología depresiva, fue más frecuente entre los que mencionaron consumo de alcohol (68,4%). Las condiciones están determinadas por varios factores complejos, existen relaciones entre la depresión y el uso de sustancias psicoactivas entre los maestros en el escenario investigado; La precariedad del trabajo genera sufrimiento psicológico y enfermedad del profesor.The work has undergone political, cultural and institutional changes, which have subjected the worker to a more intense and exhausting routine. These transformations impacted the organization and working conditions of teachers, being associated to the teacher's illness, to the psychic suffering apprehended as depression and to the consumption of psychoactive substances. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between depression and psychoactive substance use among university teachers. Research developed at a public university, whose data were collected by Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and Beck Depression Inventory. 80% of the teachers surveyed stated consumption of alcoholic beverages and 27.3% of tobacco products; among the substances considered illegal marijuana stands out (15.2%). Evidence of depression was found in men (52.6%), aged 31-40 years, married and with a masters degree (57.9%). As to the association between the use of some psychoactive substance and the depressive symptomatology, this was more prevalent among those who mentioned alcohol consumption (68.4%). Although conditions are determined by several and complex factors, there are relationships between depression and the use of psychoactive substances among teachers in the researched scenario; the precariousness of work generates psychological suffering and the sickness of the teacher.Le travail subi des changements politiques, culturels et institutionnels qui soumis le travailleur à une routine intense et épuisant. Ces transformations ont eu un impact sur l'organisation et conditions de travail des enseignants, étant associées à la maladie de l'enseignant, à la souffrance psychique appréhendée comme une dépression et à la consommation de substances psychoactives. L'objectif de étude était de décrire relation entre dépression et consommation de substances psychoactives chez professeurs d'université. Recherche développée dans université publique, dont les données ont recueillies par test de dépistage de l'alcool,  tabac et de toxicomanie par le Beck Depression Inventory. 80% des enseignants interrogés ont déclaré consommer des boissons alcoolisées et 27,3% des produits du tabac; parmi substances considérées comme marijuana illégale, distingue (15,2%). Des signes de dépression ont trouvés chez hommes (52,6%), âgés de 31 à 40 ans, titulaires d'une maîtrise (57,9%). Quant à l'association entre l'utilisation d'une substance psychoactive et symptomatologie dépressive, elle plus fréquente chez ceux mentionné  consommation d'alcool (68,4%). Les conditions soient déterminées par plusieurs facteurs complexes, il existe des relations entre la dépression et l'utilisation de substances psychoactives parmi les enseignants dans le scénario étudié; la précarité du travail génère des souffrances psychologiques et la maladie de l'enseignant

[Montreal 1976] [Material gráfico]

Contiene fotografías pertenecientes al archivo fotográfico del diario "Región", publicadas entre 1974 y 1976, aunque la mayoría en 1976Todas las fotografías firmadas por Foto E. Gar (Oviedo), Cifra Gráfica, y EF

Trabalhos completos - Administração

Trabalhos completos - Administraçã

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)