Determinantes da satisfação e perfil do cliente no balneário termal de Chaves

Mestrado APNORAtualmente, o turismo de saúde conjetura-se um tipo de turismo emergente em razão da vertente terapêutica ter sido amplificada à vertente preventiva e bem-estar, resultando num aumento da procura termal. Em vista disso, houve a necessidade de se reestruturar os estabelecimentos termais, para redirecionar a oferta turística às necessidades dos termalistas. Com este estudo, pretende-se clarificar o conhecimento sobre o termalismo, na região de Chaves, sub-região do Alto Tâmega. Posto isto, dada a crescente procura deste produto turístico, a presente investigação tem como principal objetivo analisar o perfil do cliente do balneário termal de Chaves, assim como identificar os fatores determinantes da sua satisfação. Ficando a saber o que os motiva a frequentar, retomar e recomendar o balneário termal. Nesta perspetiva, depois do referencial teórico-concetual, aplicou-se um questionário presencial, aleatoriamente, a 107 termalistas que frequentaram as termas de Chaves no período compreendido entre 13 de julho e 17 de setembro de 2020. Os dados recolhidos foram submetidos a tratamentos de análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. A análise descritiva exploratória permitiu tecer o perfil do termalista do balneário termal de Chaves, por outro lado, para a validação das hipóteses de investigação do estudo, recorreu-se à análise inferencial, mediante testes paramétricos e não paramétricos. Para produzir as determinantes de satisfação com o balneário termal de Chaves recorreu-se a uma análise multivariada, nomeadamente, a análise fatorial exploratória. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o cliente do balneário termal de Chaves tem em média 58 anos, proveniente da região norte, que frequenta o balneário termal essencialmente por motivos terapêuticos, na época de verão e por um período médio de 12 dias. Relativamente à satisfação, os termalistas encontram-se globalmente satisfeitos, evidenciando desejo em regressar e vontade de recomendar o espaço termal. Por fim, efetuou-se a análise fatorial exploratória para delinear as determinantes de satisfação com o balneário termal de Chaves, no qual resultou em três fatores, a saber: “Equipamentos”, “Infraestruturas” e “Equipa técnica”.Currently, health tourism is supposed to be an emerging type of tourism due to the therapeutic aspect having been amplified to the preventive and well-being aspect, increasing in thermal demand. Therefore, there was a need to restructure the thermal establishments, to redirect the tourist offer to the needs of the thermals visitors. With or research, we intend to clarify the knowledge about thermalism, in the region of Chaves, a sub-region of Alto Tâmega. Hence, given the growing demand for this tourist product, the main objective of this research is to analyse the client’s profile of the thermal spa of Chaves, as well as to identify the determining factors of their satisfaction, getting to know what motivates them to attend, resume, and recommend this spa. Through this perspective, after the theoretical-conceptual referential, a random face-to-face questionnaire was applied to 107 thermal spa users who attended the Chaves spa between July 13th and September 17th, 2020. The data collected were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The exploratory descriptive analysis allowed to weave the thermal spa thermal visitors of Chaves’ profile, although, for the validation of the investigation’s hypothesis of the study, an inferential analysis was used, through parametric and non-parametric tests. To produce the determinants of satisfaction with the Chaves thermal spa, a multivariate analysis was used, namely the exploratory factor analysis. The results led to the conclusion that the client of the Chaves thermal spa is on average 58 years old, coming from the north region, which attends the thermal spa essentially for therapeutic reasons, during the summer season and for an average period of 12 days. Regarding the level of satisfaction, the thermals visitors are globally satisfied, showing a desire to return and willingness to recommend the thermal space. Finally, exploratory factor analysis was carried out to delineate the determinants of satisfaction with the Chaves thermal spa, which resulted in three factors: “Equipment”, “Infrastructure” and “Technical team”.O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Projeto GreenHealth - Estratégias digitais baseadas em ativos biológicos para melhorar o bem-estar e promover a saúde verde, com a referência Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000042, financiado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do Programa Operacional Regional Norte 2020

The backpacker’s identity and emotional experience: a systematic literature review with bibliometric analysis

Backpacking tourism is increasingly attracting the attention of young people and adults, and especially researchers. Therefore, this study aims to analyse and identify what the literature has addressed about backpackers’ identity and emotional experience through a systematic literature review according to the PRISMA method, followed by bibliometric analysis. For this purpose, a search was made in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, obtaining a total of 173 articles published up to June 2021. But after applying the inclusion and exclusion and eligibility criteria, that has left 27 articles related to the purpose of this study. The data analysis performed by the PRISMA method resulted in the following categories: (i) conceptualization and evolution of backpacking tourism; (ii) social identity of the backpacker; (iii) emotional experience of the backpacker; (iv) factors influencing backpacker satisfaction. The results obtained show that the subject has been growing in the number of publications and that there is still the possibility of further researches. Furthermore, there was a predominance of qualitative methodologies in the empirical studies developed. In addition, the paper allowed us to conceptualize and analyse the evolution of backpacking tourism, as well as the social identity of the backpacker and the positive impacts that emotional experience has on satisfaction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The relationship of rural tourism with sustainable tourism and outdoor activities: a bibliometric analysis

A bibliometric study is a method used to evaluate the productivity of scientific results in quantitative terms. Bibliometricians apply mathematical and statistical methods to quantify scholarly communications. Using the Bibliometrix program, a database compiled from SCOPUS and Web of science was studied to study the different scientific and literary behaviours of rural tourism development, tourism sustainability, and outdoor activities. In the main database steps, 161 articles were analysed, of which 61 were SCOPUS articles, and 100 were Web of Science articles. As per this database, the relationship between rural tourism with sustainable tourism and outdoor activities, through a bibliometric analysis, looks to study the annual scientific production, the research impact, the authors, and articles most relevant to the themes of research trends over the years. Several interesting and important conclusions were obtained from these results for developing the themes. The results of this study indicate that sustainable tourism and rural tourism have extreme relevance to the studies carried out. Hence, rural tourism and outdoor activities are increasingly sustaining a relationship of partnership, much due to the influences of COVID-19.N/

Analysis of oleotourism and museology: bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review

Traditional Olive Grove represents about 80% of the awards in the National Olive Oil Competition of Portugal, substantiating the importance and relevance of the sector. The term "oleotourism" is considered as a movement that increasingly aims to know all the features, qualities, and differences in olive oil production. As a dynamic movement, this term uses museology to present and promote its products to the public and tourism. From museology articles, it wasunderstood that the museums should not be limited to the institutionally conceived idea, instead of that, it should be understood as a global science of a distinct, which encompasses the universe and society. Subsequently, the relevance of conducting qualitative research arises, studying the literature on oleotourism associated with museology and analysing their contributions and effects on tourism. After reviewing the existing databases, the SCOPUS database was selected to collect and analyse the bibliographic material. Hence, as the purpose, this study aimed to highlight the scientific publications with the most significant impact of the terms "oleotourism" and "museology", understanding their research trends. In the systematisation process, we considered the final 100 articles with the most citations published in journals between 2005 and 2021. The articles analysed were reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for the systematic literature review. For the bibliometric analysis, the Bibliometrix R program was used. As a result, from the bibliometric analysis, it was found that, as research trends, the keywords "olive oil tourism" and "museums" were highlighted, with Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom as the countries with the most citations. In addition, the journals "Sustainability", "Museum Anthropology", and "Museum Management and Curation" in the publications on these themes are highlighted. In comparison, through the systematic literature review, it was understood that the research trends focused on: the conceptualisation of oleotourism; the influence of museology on tourism; and the importance of museum education. Despite the importance of this research in helping future studies, there are some limitations on their analysis, which will be recommended to use specific databases for the themes and increase the number of articles considered.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sustainable tourism as a driving factor for competitiveness in the olive sector

Tourism is facing serious difficulties worldwide due to the global pandemic COVID-19, translating considerably into an industry effort to compete in the marketplace. In effect, sustainable tourism is considered to have a symbiotic relationship with competitiveness that will allow organisations to make a difference. This means that the sustainability factors are positively related to the competitiveness indicators. In this context, as the oliviculture sector faces challenges in a changing market in terms of ecological, demographic, and consumption practices changes, it is considered that sustainable tourism will enable the sector to make a difference. For, the environmental and social changes of the stakeholders enhance the promotion of sustainability to meet their needs, which in turn increases the sector's competitive advantage. In this respect, the present study was based on a literature review consolidated in a bibliometric analysis to analyse sustainable tourism as a driver of competitiveness in the oliviculture industry. For this purpose, the Scopus database was used, in which 157 full articles published until September 2021 were obtained. Based on the results, using the Bibliometrix R, it was found that research in this field has emerged in the last 20 years and focuses particularly on the terms “competitiveness”, “ecotourism” and “tourism development”. In addition, the countries with the highest scientific production and citations, the main sources of publication in this field of research, the documents with the most citations as well as the co-citations between authors were analysed. Through bibliometric analysis, it is possible to provide researchers, policy-makers and managers with a current view of the undoubted role that sustainable tourism plays in the competitiveness of the olive sector. Considering the trends, it is therefore expected to contribute bases for future strategies aimed at overcoming obstacles, overcoming challenges, and seizing opportunities for a more competitive sector.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

How does circular economy work in industry? Strategies, opportunities, and trends in scholarly literature

The concept of circular economy (CE) has been a topic of interest for researchers, managers, and policy makers. It is recognised as the latest attempt to balance industrial development, environmental health, and economic growth. Although academic literature in this field has been gradually developing, it is limited in its analysis in terms of economic and competitive opportunity in the face of different strategies. This article provides a holistic view by mapping the literature on strategies-based EC for the economic competitiveness of companies through a systematic literature review supported on the co-citation bibliometric technique. To this end, 126 articles were selected and organised into 5 clusters: (i) strategic applications of CE; (ii) mediating factors for implementing CE strategies; (iii) drivers of CE strategies; (iv) determinants used to promote CE; and (v) emerging digital technologies used to enable CE practices. The results of this study help practitioners assess EC from a new point of view and design competitive strategies for a circular model without neglecting economic growth and competitive advantage, in addition to serving as crucial evidence for policymakers, helping them leverage policies to circumvent sustainability concerns and promote circularity. A future agenda for detailed cluster-based research is put forward based on the identified gaps, including a framework to help managers set priorities to escape the zero-profit trend associated with green and sustainable practices.This work is financed by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I. P., under the project "UIDB/04630/2020".info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Satisfaction to compete? Proposal of a model for health and wellness tourism

Purpose: The main objective of this research was to develop an index to assess the perceived value of tourism services at the level of customer satisfaction by applying it in the context of health and wellness tourism. Methodology: Using exploratory factorial analysis (EFA), the model’s constructs were identified, and the satisfaction index of thermal customers was estimated. This method was applied to a set of data collected through a questionnaire distributed to users from thermal spa of Chaves, Portugal, through probabilistic sampling. A total of 107 participants were obtained, with a response ratio of 53.5%. Results: Participants expressed a high level of satisfaction due to the perceived quality of various services offered, including the infrastructure and technical team. The satisfaction index of the technical team is higher than that of the infrastructures and services provided, representing the highest contribution rate to the global model.Limitations: As limitations, other variables that influence customer satisfaction could have been included, such as prices, emotional components, and corporate social responsibility. Furthermore, only customer satisfaction in a particular thermal establishment was analysed. Future academics studies can compare the model with other establishments and/or contexts, identifying critical points and strategies to continuously improve customer satisfaction. Practical implications: By establishing a thermal customer satisfaction index, tourism authorities and the different economic agents can obtain objective information on the results of thermal services. Tourism managers can thus set goals for improvement, competitiveness, and loyalty. Originality: This study's unique contribution lies in how thermal customer satisfaction index or indicators are easily measured by applying EFA. A new approach is used to measure satisfaction based on a scale from 0 to 100%. The index results are very useful for making decisions on resource allocation and comparing different thermal establishments compared to traditional techniques.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O Precedente Judicial no Ordenamento Jurídico Brasileiro

The legal systems deriving from the civil law system, law is used as the primary source of law, based on legal positivism, including the Brazilian legal system, with a tradition dating back to antiquity and with strong influence of French law. In contrast, the common law system, also known as the English system, to designate common law in England, by virtue of local customs, is a judge-made-law. Based on a historical-bibliographic research, the present article aims to present the two systems above and the question of judicial precedent in the Brazilian legal system for the purpose of demonstrating the distinction between the two systems.Os ordenamentos jurídicos decorrentes do sistema da civil law,  utiliza-se a lei como fonte primária do direito, pautados no positivismo jurídico, inclusive o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com tradição que remonta desde a antiguidade e com forte influência do direito francês. Em contrapartida, o sistema da common law, também conhecido como sistema inglês, para designar direito comum na Inglaterra, em virtude dos costumes locais, é um judge-made-law. Partindo uma pesquisa histórico-bibliográfica, o presente artigo visa apresentar os dois sistemas acima e a questão do precedente judicial no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro para o fim demonstrar a distinção entre os dois sistemas.

Relationship of schooling level, age group and mother profession with offer of pacifier and baby's bottles to your children

OBJETIVO: avaliar a relação do grau de escolaridade, faixa etária e a profissão das mães com a oferta de chupeta e mamadeira a seus filhos MÉTODO: participaram deste estudo 190 mães de crianças entre 0 e 10 anos de idade, com idades de 20 a 45 anos que responderam a um questionário com questões fechadas a respeito de profissão, nível de escolaridade e uso de chupeta e mamadeira de seus filhos RESULTADOS: não foi observada diferença significante entre o grau de escolaridade quanto ao uso de chupeta (p= 0,915). O uso de mamadeira foi significantemente maior nos filhos de mães com ensino superior (p= 0,0124). Não houve diferença significante quanto à faixa etária das mães e a presença desses hábitos nos filhos (chupeta: p=0,427; mamadeira: p=0,427); e, entre mães que trabalham em casa e que trabalham fora de casa (chupeta: p=0,061; mamadeira: p=0,798). Não houve diferença entre mães que trabalham na área da saúde e em outras áreas (chupeta: p=0,339; mamadeira: p=0,455) CONCLUSÃO: as mães com nível superior de escolaridade oferecem significantemente mais mamadeira aos seus filhos, o que não ocorreu quanto ao uso de chupeta. Não foi observada diferença significante quanto ao uso de chupeta e mamadeira em relação à faixa etária e profissão de mães.PURPOSE: to evaluate the relationships among schooling level, age group and mother profession with offer of pacifier and baby's bottles to your children. METHOD: 190 mothers with ages varying from 20 to 45 having children from 0 to 10 took part in this study. Mothers answered a questionnaire with questions regarding profession, schooling level and use of nipples and baby's bottles by their children. RESULTS: no significant differences were found between mothers having primary or secondary education and mothers with higher education regarding the use of nipples (p= 0.915). On the other hand, baby's bottle use was significantly higher among children of mothers with higher education (p= 0.0124). No significant difference regarding age group of mothers and the presence of these habits in children or between mothers who work in the house and those who work outside as regards the use of nipples (p=0.427; p=0.061) and baby's bottles (p=0.427; p=0.798). We also observed no difference among mothers who work in the health area and those working in other fields (nipples: p=0.339; baby's bottles: p=0.455). CONCLUSION: mothers with higher education offer significantly more baby's bottles to their children, but not nipples. No significant difference was observed as for the use of nipples and baby's bottles as related to age group and mothers' profession

Children dysphonia: do harmful vocal habits by parents interfere in their children vocal health?

OBJETIVO: verificar hábitos prejudiciais à voz referidos por crianças disfônicas e por seus respectivos pais e mães e compará-los com dados obtidos de um grupo controle, constituído por crianças sem alterações vocais e seus respectivos pais e mães. MÉTODO: investigou-se 28 crianças disfônicas, com idade entre 6 e 12 anos e seus pais (Grupo de Estudo - GE) e 22 crianças sem alterações vocais, com a mesma faixa etária, e seus respectivos pais (Grupo Controle - GC). As vozes foram classificadas em "alteradas" e "não alteradas" por meio de análise perceptivo-auditiva com amostra da fala espontânea.Todos responderam a um questionário sobre fatores prejudiciais à voz. Para análise dos resultados foram aplicados os testes de comparação de duas proporções (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: verificou-se que as crianças do GE apresentaram significantemente mais os hábitos: falar com esforço, falar sem descansar e imitar vozes. Os pais do GE relataram significantemente mais hábitos de: pigarrear, gritar, falar junto com os outros, além de viver em ambiente de fumantes. As mães do GE apresentaram significantemente mais hábitos de: falar com esforço, falar em ambiente ruidoso e falar muito rápido. Viver em ambiente familiar ruidoso foi significantemente mais relatado por crianças, pais e mães do GE quando comparados aos do GC. CONCLUSÃO: independentemente de fatores que possam justificar a disfonia, crianças disfônicas e seus pais e mães relataram maior ocorrência de hábitos prejudiciais à voz e viver em ambiente familiar ruidoso do que crianças sem alterações vocais e seus respectivos pais e mães.PURPOSE: to investigate harmful vocal habits referred by dysphonic children and their parents and compare them with data gathered from a control group made up by children with no vocal alterations and their parents. METHOD: twenty-eight dysphonic children, with ages between 6 and 12 year old and their parents, (Study Group - SG) along with 22 children with no vocal alterations, from the same age group, and their parents (Control Group - CG) were investigated. The voices were classified as "healthy" and "unhealthy", depending on the result obtained from the percentage analysis of a spontaneous speech sample. Subjects answered a questionnaire about harmful vocal habits. Tests for comparing two proportions (p <0.05) were used in order to analyze the results. RESULTS: SG children showed a significantly higher number of habits such as speaking with effort, speaking without resting and imitating voices. SG fathers showed a significantly higher number of habits such as clearing the throat, shouting, speaking at the same time as others, in addition to living in smokers' environment. SG mothers significantly showed more habits such as speaking with effort, speaking in noisy environments and speaking too quickly. Living in noisy familiar environments was significantly reported by children, fathers and mothers of SG when compared to those of the CG. CONCLUSION: despite the factors that explain dysphonia, dysphonic children as well as their fathers and mothers reported a higher incidence of harmful vocal habits and living in noisy familiar environments than children with no vocal alterations and their parents