Poly[bis­(μ2-formato-κ2 O:O′)(quinoxaline-κN)copper(II)]

In the polymeric title copper(II) compound, [Cu(CHO2)2(C8H6N2)]n, both formato ligands are O-bidentate anions and act as bridging ligands, creating a planar polymeric arrangement. The slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination around CuII comprises four O atoms from two different formate anions as the base and a quinoxaline mol­ecule in the apical position

Role of inventories in business cycle

Celem niniejszej pracy jest zbadanie roli zapasów w gospodarce oraz – przede wszystkim – w cyklu koniunkturalnym. Na podstawie porównania wrażliwości inwestycji w zapasy oraz w kapitał trwały na zmiany stopy procentowej odrzucono tezę Blindera, że cykl koniunkturalny można w dużej mierze sprowadzić do cyklicznych fluktuacji inwestycji w zapasy. Innymi słowy, jako kategoria wtórna względem inwestycji w kapitał stały, inwestycje w zapasy nie mogą być przyczyną cyklu koniunkturalnego. Autor dochodzi do wniosku, iż zapasy stanowią inwestycję w dostępność dobra, zapewniając przedsiębiorcom niezbędną elastyczność w działaniu. Im zaś gospodarka elastyczniejsza, tym cykl koniunkturalny będzie łagodniejszy. Tym samym artykuł dowodzi, że zapasy są czynnikiem stabilizującym cykl koniunkturalny. Udowadnia również, że dominujące w literaturze stanowisko, według którego inwestycje w zapasy obejmują czynnik destabilizujący produkcję z punktu widzenia makroekonomicznego, wynika w znacznym stopniu z błędnego wnioskowania opartego na bezczasowym równaniu podziału PKB, a także z braku należytego zrozumienia dynamicznego procesu rynkowego.The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of inventories in the economy and in the business cycle. Having compared the sensitivity of inventory investment and fixed investment to changes in interest rates, the author rejects Blinder’s thesis that “business cycles are, to a surprisingly large degree, inventory cycles”. In other words, as a secondary category of investment, investing in inventories cannot be the cause of a business cycle. The author concludes that inventories are an investment in the availability of goods, providing entrepreneurs with the necessary operational flexibility. The more flexible the economy, the milder the business cycle will be. Thus, the paper argues that inventories are a stabilising factor in the business cycle. The author also proves that the predominant view in the macroeconomic literature, according to which an inventory investment represents a destabilising factor in the production process, results from in-correct reasoning based on a no-time GDP equation and indicates the lack of proper understanding of the dynamic market [email protected] Arkadiusz Sieroń – Uniwersytet Wrocławsk

Myofascial Trigger Points Therapy Modifies Thermal Map of Gluteal Region

Background. (ermal imaging may be effectively used in musculoskeletal system diagnostics and therapy evaluation; thus, it may be successfully applied in myofascial trigger points assessment. Objective. Investigation of thermal pattern changes after myofascial trigger points progressive compression therapy in healthy males and females. Methods. (e study included 30 healthy people (15 females and 15 males) with age range 19–34 years (mean age: 23.1 ± 4.21). (ermograms of myofascial trigger points were taken pre- and posttherapy and consecutively in the 15th and 30th minutes. Pain reproducible by palpation intensity was assessed with numeric rating scale. Results. Progressive compression therapy leads to myofascial trigger points temperature (p 0.02) and surface (p 0.01) in males. In females no statistically significant changes were observed. Manual treatment leads to a decrease in intensity of pain reproducible by palpation in males (p 0.03) and females (p 0.048). Conclusions. (e study indicates that myofascial trigger points reaction to applied therapy spreads in time and space and depends on participants’ sex

Functional and structural studies of tolloid-like 1 mutants associated with atrial-septal defect 6

Inactive mammalian tolloid-like 1 (tll1) and mutations detected in tolloid-like 1 (TLL1) have been linked to the lack of the heart septa formation in mice and to a similar human inborn condition called atrial-septal defect 6 (ASD6; OMIM 613087, formerly ASD II). Previously, we reported four point mutations in TLL1 found in approximately 20% of ASD6 patients. Three mutations in the coding sequence were M182L, V238A, and I629V. In this work, we present the effects of these mutations on TLL1 function. Three recombinant cDNA constructs carrying the mutations and onewild-type construct were prepared and then expressed in HT-1080 cells. Corresponding recombinant proteins were analyzed for their metalloendopeptidase activity using a native substrate, chordin. The results of these assays demonstrated that in comparison with the native TLL1, mutants cleaved chordin and procollagen I at significantly lower rates. CD analyses revealed significant structural differences between the higher order structure of wild-type and mutant variants. Moreover, biosensor-based assays of binding interactions between TLL1 variants and chordin demonstrated a significant decrease in the binding affinities of the mutated variants. The results from this work indicate that mutations detected in TLL1 of ASD6 patients altered its metalloendopeptidase activity, structure, and substrate-binding properties, thereby suggesting a possible pathomechanism of ASD6

Research concepts use in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence

Bidzińska Gabriela, Sieroń Adrian. Research concepts use in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(12):237-247. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1125879 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5153 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.12.2017. Revised: 15.12.2017. Accepted: 22.12.2017. Research concepts use in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence Gabriela Bidzińska1, Adrian Sieroń2 1Academy of Physical Education, Department of Physiotherapy, Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Diseases 2Academy of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Physical Anthropology Abstract The phenomenon of urinary incontinence is an important social problem that affects both men and women regardless of age, ethnic or cultural differences. It is estimated that in Poland suffers from this ailment approx. 5 million people and affects women twice as often than men. Furthermore, it has been shown that the incidence and severity of symptoms increases with age. Most recent reports indicate that over 50% of all cases this stress urinary incontinence (SUI), which with the use of suitable diagnostic and therapeutic methods is reversible and treatable. The cause of stress incontinence is to reduce the voltage perineal muscles, pelvic floor relaxation fascia and connective tissue. Diagnosis of lower urinary tract should be based on intelligence, analysis of micturition diary, physical examination and urodynamic. In recent years, also they started to be used as diagnostic imaging including ultrasound first and foremost. The cheapest and the safest for the patient using the medical treatment and is to this form of therapy, patients should be classified at the beginning. Surgical treatment should be used when conservative treatment will not bring positive results. Keywords: urinary incontinence, physiotherapy, treatmen

Electromyographic evaluation of the effectiveness of electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor muscles in a patient after total hysterectomy

Introduction. Total hysterectomy surgery is one of the most difficult operations in gynecological surgery. It involves removal of the stem and neck cancer. Often removed during surgery are also the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Indication for radical include histerektomiii cervical carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Performing this procedure it is always associated with the cessation of menstruation due to lack of the endometrium, which is located in the body of the uterus, in the case of simultaneous removal of the ovaries is created surgically induced menopause status. Endocrine disorders cause a lot of changes in the female body. One consequence may be the occurrence of the phenomenon of stress urinary incontinence. Objective of the work. The aim of this study was to evaluate the conduct of conservative patient suffering from stress urinary incontinence after total hysterectomy. Material and methods. The study involved a 60-year old female patient after a total hysterectomy with the removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries in a problem that stress urinary incontinence. Before joining the project the patient was subjected to hormonal therapy and applied the pessary coil, which proved ineffective. For objective evaluation of resting bioelectric activity of the pelvic floor muscles used electromyograph Noraxon four-vaginal probe. Furthermore, in order to determine the degree of incontinence questionnaire was used Gaudenz and an analysis of voiding diary. All measurement methods have been made immediately before and after the therapy. The patient was subjected to combination therapy, which included electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor muscle exercises and biofeedback. Results. After therapy showed an increase in resting bioelectric activity of the pelvic floor muscles. In addition, the patient reported a reduction in symptoms. Conclusions. Electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor muscle exercises with biofeedback appears to be an effective treatment for urinary incontinence in women after total hysterectomy. Therefore, it seems necessary to continue research and to conduct them on a larger number of patients

Increased levels of oxidative stress markers, soluble CD40 ligand, and carotid intima-media thickness reflect acceleration of atherosclerosis in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis in active phase and without the classical cardiovascular R

Objective. The primary aim of the study was to assess levels of oxidative stress markers, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and placental growth factor (PlGF) as well as carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with active phase without concomitant classical cardiovascular risk factors. Material and methods. The observational study involved 96 male subjects: 48 AS patients and 48 healthy ones, who did not differ significantly regarding age, BMI, comorbid disorders, and distribution of classical cardiovascular risk factors. In both groups, we estimated levels of oxidative stress markers, lipid profile, and inflammation parameters as well as sCD40L, serum PAPP-A, and PlGF. In addition, we estimated carotid IMT in each subject. Results. The study showed that markers of oxidative stress, lipid profile, and inflammation, as well as sCD40L, PlGF, and IMT, were significantly higher in the AS group compared to the healthy group. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that ankylosing spondylitis may be associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis

Volleyball players’ somatic composition in the Final Six of 2019 FIVB Volleyball Nations League

Introduction. International volleyball games are very popular. One of the youngest events in this discipline is the Volleyball Nations League, created by FIVB. It is important for trainers and researchers in which direction the best teams in the world are developing. Monitoring morpho-functional changes allows you to track potential trends in volleyball. Purpose. The aim of the study was to analyze sports results and the somatic composition of the best six teams participating in the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Nations League in Chicago. Material and methods. Research material involved volleyball players participating in the FIVB Volleyball Nations League (n = 73). Their age, height, weight, spike reach, block reach, and Rohrer’s index were analyzed. The mean value of the features and their derivatives in individual teams and groups were calculated and verified using statistical tests (t-Student, Kolmogorov-Smirniv’s) if the differences were significant. Results. The subjects’ mean age was 26,73 years (SD = 3,73), mean body height was 200,25 cm (SD = 5,94), mean body weight was 89,70 kg (SD = 8,05), mean spike reach was 346,47 cm (SD = 10,87), mean block reach was 326,14 cm (SD = 12,66), mean Rohrer’s index was 1,12 (SD = 0,10). 94,52% of the volleyball players manifested the leptosomatic body composition, 5,48% the athletic one. The best team and the teams ranked 2-6 places in the analyzed tournament significantly differed in the block reach (P < 0,05). Conclusions. During the Final Six 2019 FIVB Volleyball Nations League in Chicago, the leptosomatic type of body was dominated by volleyballers at the highest level. The block reach significantly differentiate the winner of tournament and the others teams. These characteristics should be taken by trainers into account in team building to play men’s volleyball

Effects of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Oxidative Stress in Selected Structures of the Central Nervous System

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a 28-day exposure to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field of 10 kV/m on the oxidative stress in selected rat central nervous system (CNS) structures. Material and Methods. Twenty male Wistar rats served as experimental subjects. Ten rats were exposed to an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz, intensity of 10 kV/m, and magnetic induction of 4.3 pT for 22 hours a day. The control group of ten rats was subject to sham exposure. Homogenates of the frontal cortex, hippocampus, brainstem, hypothalamus, striatum, and cerebellum were evaluated for selected parameters of oxidative stress. Results. Following the four-week exposure to a low-frequency electromagnetic field, the mean malondialdehyde levels and total oxidant status of CNS structures did not differ significantly between the experimental and control groups. However, the activities of antioxidant enzymes in brain structure homogenates were decreased except for frontal cortex catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and hippocampal glutathione reductase. The low-frequency electromagnetic field had no effect on the nonenzymatic antioxidant system of the examined brain structures except for the frontal cortex. Conclusion. The four-week exposure of male rats to a low-frequency electromagnetic field did not affect oxidative stress in the investigated brain structures