Congruence-based contextual plausibility modulates cortical activity during vibrotactile perception in virtual multisensory environments

How congruence cues and congruence-based expectations may together shape perception in virtual reality (VR) still need to be unravelled. We linked the concept of plausibility used in VR research with congruence-based modulation by assessing brain responses while participants experienced vehicle riding experiences in VR scenarios. Perceptual plausibility was manipulated by sensory congruence, with multisensory stimulations confirming with common expectations of road scenes being plausible. We hypothesized that plausible scenarios would elicit greater cortical responses. The results showed that: (i) vibrotactile stimulations at expected intensities, given embedded audio-visual information, engaged greater cortical activities in frontal and sensorimotor regions; (ii) weaker plausible stimulations resulted in greater responses in the sensorimotor cortex than stronger but implausible stimulations; (iii) frontal activities under plausible scenarios negatively correlated with plausibility violation costs in the sensorimotor cortex. These results potentially indicate frontal regulation of sensory processing and extend previous evidence of contextual modulation to the tactile sense.</p

Targeting episodic memory in older adults with tACS-induced theta synchronization

Registered Report Protocol and Supplementary Information file</p

Voxel-based morphometry results for the <i>L</i> regressor encoding the sequence length individual subjects inferred over.

<p>5a,c) <i>L</i> was positively correlated with grey matter density in the left posterior parietal cortex (a), and bilateral hippocampus (c). Images thresholded at <i>p</i> < 0.005 uncorrected, cluster size <i>k</i> > 10, for display purposes. Slices depicted are at y = -80 (a) and y = -30 (c)5b,d) Scatter plots showing that both younger (crosses) and older (circles) subjects showed a similar positive relationship between <i>L</i> and grey matter density in both the posterior parietal cortex (b) and bilateral hippocampus (d) Grey matter density extracted from the group level peaks (posterior parietal cortex: [–29–80 39], hippocampus: [–23–30–17] and [21–30–12] collapsed across hemispheres), and corrected for all other regressors in the design matrix.</p

Turvallisuutta syöpäpotilaan hoitotyöhön : Omassa työssä oppimisen ja tutkivan kehittämisen tuloksia oppis-koulutuksessa

Tässä julkaisussa esitellään Hämeen ammattikorkeakoulussa 2014– 2015 toteutetun Syöpähoitotyön kehittäjä – oppisopimustyyppisen täydennyskoulutuksen kehittämistöitä. Koulutukseen osallistuvat sairaanhoitajat työskentelevät syöpäpotilaiden hoitotyössä erilaisissa hoitoympäristöissä. Kukin artikkeli kuvaa käytännön kehittämistyötä koulutukseen osallistujan omassa työyksikössä. Julkaisun tarkoituksena on herättää ajatuksia täydennyskoulutuksen merkityksestä oman asiantuntijuuden kehittämisessä, sekä kuvata tämän päivän hoitotyön ammattilaisten kehittämispanosta potilaiden ja asiakkaiden turvallisen hoidon toteutuksessa

Neurocognitive development of novelty and error monitoring in children and adolescents

The abilities to monitor one’s actions and novel information in the environment are crucial for behavioural and cognitive control. This study investigated the development of error and novelty monitoring and their electrophysiological correlates by using a combined flanker with novelty-oddball task in children (7–12 years) and adolescents (14–18 years). Potential moderating influences of prenatal perturbation of steroid hormones on these performance monitoring processes were explored by comparing individuals who were prenatally exposed and who were not prenatally exposed to synthetic glucocorticoids (sGC). Generally, adolescents performed more accurately and faster than children. However, behavioural adaptations to error or novelty, as reflected in post-error or post-novelty slowing, showed different developmental patterns. Whereas post-novelty slowing could be observed in children and adolescents, error-related slowing was absent in children and was marginally significant in adolescents. Furthermore, the amplitude of error-related negativity was larger in adolescents, whereas the amplitude of novelty-related N2 was larger in children. These age differences suggest that processes involving top-down processing of task-relevant information (for instance, error monitoring) mature later than processes implicating bottom-up processing of salient novel stimuli (for instance, novelty monitoring). Prenatal exposure to sGC did not directly affect performance monitoring but initial findings suggest that it might alter brain-behaviour relation, especially for novelty monitoring.</p