Impact of the policy framework designed in favor of Corporate Social Responsibility with respect to India in Current Scenario

In today’s developing world, governments and businesses understand that their respective competitive positions and their accessibility to capital is directly proportional to their ability to match up the current highest global standards. It includes the guidance for companies pertaining to CSR which is available in the form of frameworks, focusing on the public health, education, livelihoods water conservation and natural resources management. Thus the government of India not only focus on the company’s participation but also on their business practices by setting framework for them including both ( public and private).Thus by analyzing  thoroughly current  trends of CSR in India and by practicing it in today’s scenario  can lead to the significant impact on the community and long term sustainability of business

Investigating historical, social, and ecological dimensions of coral reef resilience

Ph.D

Science Research Output pattern of University of Delhi (2015-2019)

The current research has been conducted to tress out the science research output of University of Delhi (DU) in the last five years (2015-2019) after using Web of Science (WOS) database. The present study has used Web of Science databases to collect the science research output of University of Delhi for the specified period. The retrieved data were analyzed using specific parameters. This study investigates the most productive institutes, countries, authors the impact of their output in terms of Relative Citation Impact (RCI) and Citation per Paper (CPP). For visualizing purposes, VOS Viewer has been used. We retrieved 6500 papers from Web of Science, consisting of 87.6% journal articles, 6.29% proceeding papers, and 6.15% review articles. The analysis of data indicates that consistent growth with increasing multi-authorship is the general trend of research. Multiauthored papers with international collaboration have more research impact (CPP, RCI) compared to others. USA, Germany, Korea topped the list of collaborating countries in science research. However, Canada made the very best effect in phrases of CPP and RCI. The University of Delhi has a major collaboration with BHU, JNU, IIT, and CSIR in terms of domestic collaboration. The study can be better used for further identification of research areas in sciences where attention can be given

A comparative quantitative & qualitative assessment in orthodontic treatment of white spot lesion treated with 3 different commercially available materials - In vitro study

To comparatively evaluate the esthetic improvement of white-spot lesions (WSLs) treated by: BiominF, CPP-ACP paste with fluoride & ICON resin infiltration, using Spectrophotometer & Diagnodent. The study was done using 72 sound permanent extracted premolars, divided into four groups (18 teeth per group). After taking the ethical approval the study was commenced. WSLs were created on human premolars and randomly assigned to four groups: Group A: Artificial Saliva, Group B: CPP-ACP with fluoride, Group C: BiominF, Group D: Resin infiltration (Icon). The color change (?E) of each specimen was measured with a Spectrophotometer (VITA Easy Shade Compact), and fluorescence loss (?Q) was measured by a laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent, Kavo, Biberach, Germany), at different time points after treatment: baseline (0 weeks), 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. The ?E and ?Q baseline values for the four groups before the treatments did not differ significantly. Icon treatment improved the WSL color significantly and gave the lowest ?E (5.12± 3.92) & ?Q (1.64 ±0.72) compared with other treatments at end of 6 weeks (P< .01). In the BiominF and CPP-ACP with fluoride treatment groups, ?Q & ?E showed significant recovery compared with the baseline values (P< .05). Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that all the three remineralizing agents used in the study could effectively remineralize artificial enamel caries and showed improvement in color change and fluoresence as compared to the baseline. Therefore they can be effectively used for the treatment of the white spot lesions

Phytonanofabrication of iron oxide particles from the Acacia jacquemontii plant and their potential application for the removal of brilliant green and Congo red dye from wastewater

Phytonanofabrication is one of the most promising areas that has drawn the attention of scientists worldwide due to its eco-friendly nature and biocompatibility. In the current investigation, we reported the phyto-assisted formation of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) from a rare species of Acacia (Acacia jacquemontii). First, ethanolic extracts of the stem powder were analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) for the identification of phytochemicals in the stem sections of Acacia. Furthermore, IONPs were synthesized by a chemical co-precipitation method by using the stem extract. The phytonanofabricated iron oxide particles were investigated by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental analysis. HPTLC confirmed the presence of several phenols and terpenoids in the ethanolic extracts of the stem. UV–Vis spectroscopy exhibited an absorbance peak at 380 nm, indicating the formation of IONPs, while FTIR spectroscopy showed the typical bands for Fe-O in the range of 599–1,000 cm−1 in addition to several functional groups of organic molecules at 1,596 cm−1, 2,313 cm−1, and 3,573 cm−1. XRD exhibits the amorphous nature of IONPs with peaks at 30.7, 35.5, and 62.7 nm. The IONPs were spherical-shaped, whose size varies from 10 to 70 nm, as confirmed by FESEM. EDS exhibited the presence of Fe, O, C, and NaCl. Finally, the phytonanofabricated iron oxide particles were utilized for the removal of brilliant green (BG) and Congo red (CR) dye from the aqueous solution. The removal efficiency of BG dye was up to 54.28%, while that of Congo red dye was up to 36.72% in 120 min and 60 min, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of pH and contact time was also assessed on both the dyes, where CR exhibited maximum removal at acidic pH, i.e., 47.5%, while BG showed maximum removal at pH 10, i.e., 76.59%

Fine-scale variability in coral bleaching and mortality during a marine heatwave

Coral bleaching and mortality can show significant spatial and taxonomic heterogeneity at local scales, highlighting the need to understand the fine-scale drivers and impacts of thermal stress. In this study, we used structure-from-motion photogrammetry to track coral bleaching, mortality, and changes in community composition during the 2019 marine heatwave in Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaiʻi. We surveyed 30 shallow reef patches every 3 weeks for the duration of the bleaching event (August-December) and one year after, resulting in a total of 210 large-area, high-resolution photomosaics that enabled us to follow the fate of thousands of coral colonies through time. We also measured environmental variables such as temperature, sedimentation, depth, and wave velocity at each of these sites, and extracted estimates of habitat complexity (rugosity R and fractal dimension D) from digital elevation models to better understand their effects on patterns of bleaching and mortality. We found that up to 80% of corals experienced moderate to severe bleaching in this period, with peak bleaching occurring in October when heat stress (Degree Heating Weeks) reached its maximum. Mortality continued to accumulate as bleaching levels dropped, driving large declines in more heat-susceptible species (77% loss of Pocillopora cover) and moderate declines in heat-tolerant species (19% and 23% for Porites compressa and Montipora capitata, respectively). Declines in live coral were accompanied by a rapid increase in algal cover across the survey sites. Spatial differences in bleaching were significantly linked to habitat complexity and coral species composition, with reefs that were dominated by Pocillopora experiencing the most severe bleaching. Mortality was also influenced by species composition, fractal dimension, and site-level differences in thermal stress. Our results show that spatial heterogeneity in the impacts of bleaching are driven by a mix of environmental variation, habitat complexity, and differences in assemblage composition

Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p

Addressing climate change with behavioral science: a global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions’ effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior—several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people’s initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors

Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p