Fuel Price Beliefs and the Consumer Response to Price Fluctuations: The Choice between Gasoline and Diesel Vehicles

When consumers make fuel choices in vehicle adoption, they must form beliefs regarding each fuel's price over the life-cycle of the vehicle. Whereas prior research has found that current gasoline prices are a reasonable proxy for consumers' gasoline price beliefs, the same may not hold for the price difference between diesel and gasoline, a key determinant of the savings associated with adopting a diesel engine. I consider the market for gasoline and diesel powered pickup trucks in the state of Washington, where the time-series variation in the diesel premium is transient while geographic variation in the premium is relatively persistent. Because time-series variation in the diesel premium exhibits mean-reversion, a forward-looking individual's price beliefs may not respond to such variation. In order to consider the importance of modeling price beliefs in a manner which allows consumers to exhibit different responses to different types of price variation, I develop a two-period model of truck choice and subsequent usage. I employ a rich dataset of vehicle registrations and high-frequency local fuel prices which allows me to separately identify the consumer response to time-series variation in the diesel premium relative to all other sources of fuel price variation. My estimates suggest the response to the former is roughly one-tenth as strong as the latter. Using a variety of counterfactual simulations, I document that modeling price beliefs in a more flexible manner which allows for different responses to different types of fuel price variation increases common measures of the consumer response to price fluctuations by roughly 15-20\\% in this setting.Doctor of Philosoph

Photoaffinity labeling of mitochondrial proteins with 2-azido [32P]palmitoyl CoA

AbstractA long-chain fatty acyl CoA photolabel, 2-azido [32P]palmitoyl CoA, was synthesized and its covalent interaction with mitochondrial membrane proteins examined. On binding of 2-azido [32P]palmitoyl CoA to beef heart mitochondria, two polypeptides were primarily labeled, the 30 kDa ADP/ATP carrier and a 41 kDa protein of unknown identity. Car☐yatractyloside and palmitoyl CoA completely protected against labeling of the 30 kDa protein indicating that it was the ADP/ATP carrier. With inverted submitochondrial particles, only the 30 kDa polypeptide was labeled by 2-azido [32P]palmitoyl CoA. The labeling was inhibited by bongkrekic acid and palmitoyl CoA but not car☐yatractyloside, providing evidence that the ADP/ATP carrier was covalently bound from the matrix side of the membrane. In brown adipose tissue mitochondria, 2-azido [32P]palmitoyl CoA photolabeled the ADP/ATP carrier and the 32 kDa uncoupling protein with some minor labeling of 36 and 68 kDa polypeptides. The results indicated that this physiological photolabeling reagent with the azido group on the CoA portion of the molecule interacts like 2-azido ADP with nucleotide binding sites of a number of important enzymes in cell metabolism. Moreover, the evidence strongly supports the hypothesis that long chain fatty acyl CoA esters are natural ligands for key nucleotide binding proteins

Evidence that the protein components of bovine erythrocyte green heme binding protein and flavin reductase are identical

Bovine erythrocyte green heme binding protein and bovine erythrocyte flavin reductase have been isolated in highly purified forms and subjected to amino acid analysis and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. The two proteins possess similar amino acid compositions and identical N-terminal amino acid sequences. Moreover, the two proteins are immunochemically cross-reactive and are indistinguishable when compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by double diffusion technique. This study provides evidence that the protein components of bovine erythrocyte green heme binding protein and flavin reductase are identical.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29226/1/0000281.pd

Instrumentos de avaliação do aleitamento materno e seu uso na prática clínica

RESUMO Objetivos Identificar instrumentos de avaliação da amamentação e sua aplicação na prática clínica, validação e adaptação transcultural. Método Revisão integrativa, realizada em seis bases de dados e em uma biblioteca eletrônica, entre agosto/2014-dezembro/2015, sem limitação temporal. Resultados Foram identificados 19 instrumentos de avaliação do AM. Destes, 12 foram validados e cinco foram adaptados transculturalmente. Quanto à aplicação, destacam-se seu uso para a avaliação do risco de desmame (BAPT) e a percepção/comportamento da mulher em amamentar (BSES-SF e IIFAS). Conclusão A identificação dos instrumentos disponíveis e de suas indicações para a avaliação do AM pode auxiliar profissionais na escolha pelo instrumento a ser utilizado, qualificando a assistência materno-infantil

Bubble Trouble: A Microeconomic Analysis of the Housing Bubble

Economicshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63963/1/shrago_yevgeny_2009.pd