Peculiarities of spectra of induced emission of polymethine dye solutions at low temperatures

Results from studying the induced emission spectra with monochromatic excitation (superluminescent regime) within a temperature range of 300 K - 5.2 K are presented. The significant feature of such operations is the appearance of quasi-lines whose minimum width is realized at 4.2 K. The frequency distribution of the quasi-lines unambiguously characterizes the dye investigated. When interpreting these results, the idea of an inhomogeneous broadening of the polymethine dye spectra in the solution being studied experimentally was used for the first time. The quasi-lines observed are interpreted as a manifestation of the electron vibration structure of singlet states of a complex molecule

Radiation induced thyroid cancer: fundamental and applied aspects

Aim: To describe the epidemiology and pathology of thyroid cancer in Ukraine, and to perform the molecular analysis of genetic alterations more frequently found to be associated to papillary carcinomas (PTC) in a selected group of PTC. Materials and Methods: Relationship between the thyroid cancer incidence and gender, age, and place of residence of subjects aged 0–18 years at the time of the Chernobyl accident (5427 subjects of thyroid cancer, among which 3996 (73.6%) were children aged 0 to 14 years at the time of the accident, and 1431 (26.3%) were adolescents aged 15 to 18 years was studied. Pathologically analyzed thyroid carcinomas were obtained from 640 patients (20–40 years old at the time of surgery and born before the Chernobyl accident), and from 90 patients (11–22 years old at the time of surgery and born after the accident). All patients were operated during 2006–2008. RET/PTC rearrangements and BRAFV600E mutation were analyzed in 35 cases of PTC. Results: A comparison between the thyroid cancer incidence rates in the 6 highest contaminated regions of Ukraine and in the other 21 regions shows the most significant difference between the rates for the last three years of follow-up, which confirms that a direct relationship is still present between the rise in thyroid cancer incidence and the post Chernobyl radiation exposure. Much lower incidence of thyroid cancer in subjects, who were born after the accident, additionally confirmed a direct relationship between the Chernobyl accident and thyroid cancer development at least in those who were aged up to 18 years at the time of the nuclear accident. Pathological results showed that with increasing latency the decrease has been noted in the percentage of PTC with solid structure, a decrease in invasive properties of tumors, as well as an increase in the percentage of PTC with papillary-follicular structure, encapsulated forms, and «small» carcinomas measuring up to 1 cm. Molecular-biological studies of PTC revealed more common RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3 rearrangements (34.3% of cases), than BRAFV600E mutation (24%cases). Conclusion: After 22 years from the Chernobyl nuclear accident the number and incidence of thyroid cancer cases in Ukraine was steadily increased in the cohort of those who were children and adolescents at the time of the accident. Most common thyroid tumors (PTC) were characterized by significant changes in histological structure with increasing latency. PTC with any RET/PTC rearrangements had more aggressive behavior than BRAFV600E-positive tumors or PTC without gene alterations

Hygienic substantiation of calculating models for predicting toxicity of different classes insecticides (first part).

This work is the first part of our study to develop alternative experimental mathematic models for predicting toxicity of insecticides. In the first stage, calculations will be carried out and the most reliable models will be proposed. In the second – a statistical analysis and comparative estimation of the toxicometric parameters obtained experimentally and calculated according to the proposed equations. The purpose of the research is the scientific substantiation of the calculation models for predicting toxicity of insecticides of different classes. Data on the physico-chemical properties and toxicometry parameters of fungicides are taken from the PPDB pesticides database. Insecticides of such chemical classes as derivatives of tetram and tetronic acids, benzoylureas, carbamates, neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, organophosphorus compounds, avermectins were selected for analysis. It has been established that there is a significant positive correlation between NO(A)EL in the chronic experiment of all insecticides, the median lethal doses at oral administration (LD50 per os) of pyrithoids and neonicotinoids, and the molecular weight (at p<0.05). There is a significant negative correlation between the toxicometry parameters of all insecticides and their individual groups (pyrithoids, neonicotinoids, organophosphorus compounds) and melting temperature and the octanol-water partition coefficient, log Po/w (at p<0.05). It is proved that the proposed calculation models for predicting insecticide hazards are adequate according to Fisher's criterion, and the coefficients of regression equations are reliable according to Student's criterion (p<0,05)

ПОВОДЖЕННЯ З ПОБІЧНИМИ ПРОДУКТАМИ В ЕКОНОМІЦІ: БІСНЕС-ПРОЦЕСИ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

World best practices and institutions (UN, UNIDO and UNEP) believethat resource-efficient and cleaner production is the path to a circulareconomy and waste management. Harmonization of laws and standards in Ukraine involves the use of preventive strategies for all types of waste that increase the efficiency of the economy, form social and environmental significance. The article is devoted to waste prevention and waste management and corresponds to the Directive 2008/98 / EC on waste to be produced in Ukraine by: reducing the amount of waste, reducing the adverse effects of waste on the environment and human health; implementation of the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030. Promising for Ukraine are: sorting of waste with their subsequent processing; formation of online plans for waste collection and logistics; certain types of toxic and medical waste management; prevention of waste incineration and disposal of only a part of waste that cannot be recycled. One of the options for digitalization of waste management can be a tool – information and communication platforms in the regions (communities) in the methodology at the global level which is the Platform for Green Growth. Proposals for harmonization of legal and regulatory documents in the field of environmental management should be considered in two aspects: long-term and short-term. The long-term aspect of the concept is related to the desire to form in the future a theoretically sound and practically effective mechanism for internalizing external costs, as well as ensuring environmentally safe and economically feasible development. The shortterm aspect is designed to consolidate in legislative and regulatory form the international experience of greening the country's economy in order to protect the environment from the negative anthropogenic impact. Лучшие мировые практики и институты (ООН, ЮНИДО и ЮНЕП)считают, что ресурсно-эффективное и более чистое производство этопуть к циркулярной экономики и обращения с отходами. Гармонизация законов и стандартов в Украине предусматривает использование превентивных стратегий поведения со всеми видами отходов, которые повышают эффективность экономики, формируют социальную и экологическую значимость. Перспективными для Украины: сортировка отходов с последующей их переработкой; формирования онлайн планформ сбора и логистики отходов; отдельные виды обращения с токсичными медицинскими отходами; запрет сжигания отходов и захоронения лишь доли отходов которых невозможно переделать. Одним из вариантов диджитализации сферы обращения с отходами может быть инструмент – информационно-коммуникативные платформы в регионах (общинах) в методологии на уровне мира – Платформа зеленого роста.Кращі світові практики та інституції (ООН, ЮНІДО та ЮНЕП) вважають, що ресурсно-ефективне та більш чисте виробництво це шлях до циркулярної економіки й поводження з відходами. Гармонізація законів та стандартів в Україні передбачає використання превентивних стратегій поводження з всіма видами відходів, які підвищують ефективність економіки, формують соціальну й екологічну значимість.Перспективними для України є: сортування відходів з наступною їх переробкою; формування онлайн-платформ збору й логістики відходів; окремі види поводження з токсичними, медичними відходами; не допущення спалювання відходів та захоронення лише частки відходів яких не можливо переробити. Одним із варіантів діджиталізації сфери поводження з відходами може бути інструмент – інформаційнокомунікативні платформи в регіонах (громадах) у методології на рівні світу як от Платформа зеленого зростання

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНА ТА СОЦІАЛЬНА СКЛАДОВІ БЕЗПЕКИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНО-ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ СИСТЕМ

It might be possible to ensure safe conditions and high living standardsfor the population only provided that the balance between economicdevelopment and the ability to reproduce natural resources is reached. This is especially difficult to achieve in the areas that are economicallydepressed and environmentally polluted. Analysis of the medical anddemographic situation in the Volodymyrets district of Rivne region showed that the general incidence rate has increased 3.5 times over the past 30 years. The problem of blood diseases, neoplasms, diseases of circulatory system, thyroid cancer cases, etc is vital in this region. This is primary a result of the difficult radio-ecological situation in the area, which is worsened by a number of negative economic and social factors. In order to improve the efficiency of providing medical services to the people, it is suggested to introduce an innovative model – MIS «EMSIMED». It involves using information technology for collecting, storing and processing of medical data and key indicators of public health, monitoring the regular medical examination of the population. Besides, it has been proposed to include organic food having radio-protective properties into the daily diet of patients. Organic meals might be arranged with the help of catering service (supply of ready-made meals for patients.) The cost of organic set (4 meals a day) is ranging from 79 to 89 hryvnias per day. The implementation of the given measures will ensure a reduction in morbidity, disability and mortalityof the population and will help to overcome unfavorable demographictrends. At the same time, growing demand for organic food products oncondition of government procurement will contribute to the development of socially responsible business in the region, preservation and gradualrestoration of soil fertility, improving the environmental situation in the area on the whole.Обеспечить безопасные условия и высокое качество жизни населения можно только при установке баланса между экономическим развитием и способностью воспроизводства природных ресурсов.Особенно сложно это сделать на территориях, которые являются экономически депрессивными и экологически загрязненными. Анализ медико-демографической ситуации в Владимирецком районе Ровенской области показал, что уровень заболеваемости населения по сравнению за последние 30 лет вырос в 3,5 раза. В районе актуальна проблема заболеваемости новообразованиями, болезнями системы кровообращения, заболеваемости раком щитовидной железы и др. В первую очередь это объясняется сложной радиоэкологической ситуацией в регионе, осложняется рядом негативных экономических и социальных факторов. С целью повышения эффективности предоставления медицинских услуг населению, предложено ввести инновационную модель МИС «ЭМСИМЕД». Она предусматривает использование информационных технологий для сбора, хранения, обработки медицинских данных и основных показателей здоровья населения, контроля проведения профилактических осмотров. Кроме того, предложено включить органические продукты с радиопротекторными свойствам в ежедневный рацион больных. Организовать органическое питание можно с помощью кейтеринговых услуг (поставка готовой пищи для питания пациентов). Стоимостьорганического комплекта (4-разовое питание) составляет от 79 до89 гривен в день. Реализация этих мероприятий обеспечит со временем снижение уровня заболеваемости, инвалидности, смертности населения и поможет преодолеть неблагоприятные демографические тенденции. В то же время, увеличение спроса на органическую продукцию через госзаказ, будет способствовать развитию в регионе социально ответственного бизнеса, сохранению и постепенному восстановлению плодородия почв, улучшению экологической ситуации в регионе в целом.Забезпечити безпечні умови та високу якість життя населення можна тільки за умови встановлення балансу між економічним розвитком і спроможністю відтворення природних ресурсів. Особливо складно це зробити на територіях, які є економічно депресивними та екологічно забрудненими. Аналіз медико-демографічної ситуації у Володимирецькому районі Рівненської області показав, що рівень захворюваності населення за останні 30 років зріс у 3,5 рази. В районі актуальною є проблема захворюваності на хвороби крові, новоутворення, хвороби системи кровообігу, захворюваності на рак щитовидної залози тощо. Насамперед це пояснюється складною радіоекологічною ситуацією в регіоні, що ускладнюється низкою негативних економічних та соціальних факторів. З метою підвищення ефективності надання медичних послуг населенню, запропоновано запровадити інноваційну модель – МІС «ЕМСІМЕД». Вона передбачає використання інформаційних технологій для збору, зберігання, обробки медичних даних та основних показників здоров’я населення, контролю проведення профілактичних оглядів. Крім того, запропоновано включити органічні продукти з радіопротекторними властивостями до щоденного раціону хворих.Організувати органічне харчування можна за допомогою кейтерингових послуг (постачання готової їжі для харчування пацієнтів). Вартість органічного комплекту (4-разове харчування) становить від 79 до 89 гривень на день. Реалізація цих заходів забезпечить з часом зниження рівня захворюваності, інвалідності, смертності населення та допоможе подолати несприятливі демографічні тенденції. Водночас, збільшення попиту на органічну продукцію через держзамовлення, сприятиме розвитку в регіоні соціально відповідального бізнесу, збереженню та поступовому відновленню родючості ґрунтів, покращенню екологічної ситуації в регіоні в цілому

Neurotrophic factors in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and age-related cataract. Part 2. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Purpose. To study the content of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the aqueous humor (AH), lacrimal fluid (LF), and blood serum (BS) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and age-related cataract.Material and methods. We examined 141 people (141 eyes), of them 55 patients with POAG combined with age-related cataract, 57 patients with age-related cataract, and 29 persons without ophthalmic pathology. The content of BDNF in the AH (except healthy individuals), LF and BS was studied.Results. The levels of BDNF in LF and BS did not differ in cataract patients and healthy controls. Compared to patients with cataract the concentration of BDNF in patients with cataract and POAG was significantly reduced in the AH and LF (P<0.001), and in BS (P<0.05). In the early stage of POAG there was a significant decrease in the level of BDNF in all studied biological fluids (P<0.001), particularly pronounced in the AH – by more than 2.5 times. In subsequent stages, the BDNF levels consequentially increased in comparison with the early POAG, remaining, however, lower relative to the cataract patients (the difference was significant for the AH and LF, the correlation of the content of BDNF in the AH with the perimetric index VFI was negative: correlation coefficient r=-0.404, P=0.002). The level of BDNF in the AH showed a strong correlation with its concentration in the LF (r=0.66, P<0.000). A formula is proposed for an approximate calculation of the level of BDNF in the AH by its content in the LF.Conclusion. The content of BDNF in the AH, LF and BS is significantly reduced in patients with POAG, especially in its early stage. In subsequent stages, reduction of the level of BDNF in the AH and LF is consistently less pronounced, but remains decreased. A strong correlation of the content of BDNF in the AH with its concentration in the LF is established, which opens up new opportunities for indirect assessment of the level of BDNF in the AH of patients with POAG

Experience of using MRT imaging in specifying diagnosis of obstructive diseases of the biliopancreatoduodenal zone.

The article presents the experience of surgical treatment of 12 patients with pancreatic cancer who were treated at the clinic of the Department of Surgery No. 2 of the ONMEDU during 2017. As a preoperative diagnosis, an MRI scan was performed in these patients. In general, the intraoperative size of the tumor was not significantly different from MRI - sizes: the medians of their differences were only + 5.5 mm and + 3.5 mm for the average and maximum MRT sizes. The calculated sensitivity and specificity of the method of MRTand CT in the assessment of artery invasion was 83.3% and 71.4% respectively, in the assessment of vein invasion - up to 50.0% and 42.9%, respectively. The combination of MRI and CT with intravenous contrast is the best option for planning surgical tactics today

Experience of using MRT imaging in specifying diagnosis of obstructive diseases of the biliopancreatoduodenal zone.

The article presents the experience of surgical treatment of 12 patients with pancreatic cancer who were treated at the clinic of the Department of Surgery No. 2 of the ONMEDU during 2017. As a preoperative diagnosis, an MRI scan was performed in these patients. In general, the intraoperative size of the tumor was not significantly different from MRI - sizes: the medians of their differences were only + 5.5 mm and + 3.5 mm for the average and maximum MRT sizes. The calculated sensitivity and specificity of the method of MRTand CT in the assessment of artery invasion was 83.3% and 71.4% respectively, in the assessment of vein invasion - up to 50.0% and 42.9%, respectively. The combination of MRI and CT with intravenous contrast is the best option for planning surgical tactics today