Upwards Leisure Mobility: Americans Work Less and Have More Leisure Time Than Ever Before

Uses evidence from a research study to demonstrate that Americans are spending less time at work and more time at leisure since the 1960s, and that less educated and lower-income Americans work less and enjoy more leisure than those with higher incomes

Tricresyl Phosphate Neurotoxicity Potential

Mr. Sherk discusses the potential effects of ongoing human exposure to ordinary doses of neurotoxicants

Mentoring Former Prisoners: A Guide for Reentry Programs

Few social programs have attempted to provide high-risk adults -- and, particularly, former prisoners -- with mentors. And thus there are few resources that offer practical advice and recommendations for mentoring this population, given its distinct needs, assets and challenges. While much remains to be tested and learned, this manual draws on the experience of the 11 sites involved in P/PV'sReady4Work prisoner reentry demonstration, as well as established best practices in the mentoring field, to provide guidelines for practitioners who are interested in developing a mentoring program to support former prisoners and enhance the effectiveness of other reentry services, such as employment and case management services.The guide was originally published by the US Department of Labor in November 2007 under the title Mentoring Ex-Prisoners: A Guide for Prisoner Reentry Programs. However, because of growing interest in establishing mentoring programs as part of larger reentry efforts around the country, P/PV decided to reissue the guide, along with updated information related to P/PV's evaluation of Ready4Work (particularly findings published in Mentoring Formerly Incarcerated Adults, 2009.

Mathematical Modeling of Boson-Fermion Stars in the Generalized Scalar-Tensor Theories of Gravity

A model of static boson-fermion star with spherical symmetry based on the scalar-tensor theory of gravity with massive dilaton field is investigated numerically. Since the radius of star is \textit{a priori} an unknown quantity, the corresponding boundary value problem (BVP) is treated as a nonlinear spectral problem with a free internal boundary. The Continuous Analogue of Newton Method (CANM) for solving this problem is applied. Information about basic geometric functions and the functions describing the matter fields, which build the star is obtained. In a physical point of view the main result is that the structure and properties of the star in presence of massive dilaton field depend essentially both of its fermionic and bosonic components.Comment: 16 pages, amstex, 5 figures, changed conten

Effects of Short Term Low Intensity Resistance Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Bone Markers and Muscle Cross-Sectional Area in Young Men

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 136-147, 2012. This study compared the effects of short term resistance training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on bone turnover markers and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) in young men (18-35 yrs). Subjects were randomly assigned to a BFR (20% 1RM) resistance training group (BFRT, n=10), a high intensity (80% 1RM) resistance training group (RT, n=10), or a BFR only group (BFR, n=10). Both BFRT and RT trained 3 days per week (2 sets, 10 repetitions) for 3 weeks for leg press, knee extension, and knee flexion isotonic exercises. BFR underwent the BFR procedure without the exercise protocol for 10 minutes 3 days per week. Body composition (DXA) and thigh MCSA (pQCT) were measured. Fasting bone formation (Bone ALP) and resorption (CTX) markers were assessed in the morning pre and post training. All groups significantly (p \u3c 0.05) improved MCSA, but RT (3.48 ± 0.68 %) had a greater increase compared to BFR (1.15 ± 0.54 %). RT also showed a significant increase (p \u3c 0.01) in Bone ALP after training (50.91 ± 12.77 %). In conclusion, low intensity resistance training with BFR was less effective than high intensity resistance training for eliciting bone formation and muscle hypertrophy responses

Influence of Body Composition, Oral Contraceptive Use, and Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women

In premenopausal women, low bone density may reflect attainment of a lower peak bone mass which can increase risk of osteoporosis after menopause. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition and oral contraceptive (OC) use in 18-30 year old women. Sixty-five healthy women, split into groups of oral contraceptive users (OC, n = 36) and non oral contraceptive users (Non-OC, n = 29), completed Baecke physical activity, calcium intake, and menstrual history questionnaires. Total body, AP lumbar spine, and dual proximal femur scans were performed using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Body composition measures were obtained from the total body scan analysis. No significant differences were found for BMD in OC users and non-users. Bone free lean body mass (BFLBM) and weight were positively correlated to all BMD sites, and fat mass was related to total body and L1-L4 spine BMD (p \u3c 0.05). Stepwise regression analyses determined that weight was a significant predictor for all BMD sites (p \u3c 0.05). When separating the two components of body weight, BFLBM was a significant predictor for all BMD sites, and fat mass only predicted total body BMD. In conclusion, this study indicates that weight and BFLBM are significant contributors to BMD in young healthy premenopausal women, and OC use did not influence the relationship between BMD and BFLBM

4D, N = 1 Supersymmetry Genomics (I)

Presented in this paper the nature of the supersymmetrical representation theory behind 4D, N = 1 theories, as described by component fields, is investigated using the tools of Adinkras and Garden Algebras. A survey of familiar matter multiplets using these techniques reveals they are described by two fundamental valise Adinkras that are given the names of the cis-Valise (c-V) and the trans-Valise (t-V). A conjecture is made that all off-shell 4D, N = 1 component descriptions of supermultiplets are associated with two integers - the numbers of c-V and t-V Adinkras that occur in the representation.Comment: 53 pages, 19 figures, Report-II of SSTPRS 2008 Added another chapter for clarificatio

M-theory FDA, Twisted Tori and Chevalley Cohomology

The FDA algebras emerging from twisted tori compactifications of M-theory with fluxes are discussed within the general classification scheme provided by Sullivan's theorems and by Chevalley cohomology. It is shown that the generalized Maurer Cartan equations which have appeared in the literature, in spite of their complicated appearance, once suitably decoded within cohomology, lead to trivial FDA.s, all new p--form generators being contractible when the 4--form flux is cohomologically trivial. Non trivial D=4 FDA.s can emerge from non trivial fluxes but only if the cohomology class of the flux satisfies an additional algebraic condition which appears not to be satisfied in general and has to be studied for each algebra separately. As an illustration an exhaustive study of Chevalley cohomology for the simplest class of SS algebras is presented but a general formalism is developed, based on the structure of a double elliptic complex, which, besides providing the presented results, makes possible the quick analysis of compactification on any other twisted torus.Comment: LaTeX, 40 pages, article. Few typos corrected, one formula improve

The Abelian Topological Mass Mechanism From Dimensional Reduction

We show that the abelian topological mass mechanism in four dimensions, described by the Cremmer-Sherk action, can be obtained from dimensional reduction in five dimensions. Starting from a gauge invariant action in five dimensions, where the dual equivalence between a massless vector field and a massless second-rank antisymmetric field in five dimensions is established, the dimensional reduction is performed keeping only one massive mode. Furthermore, the Kalb-Ramond action and the Stuckelberger formulation for massive spin-1 are recovered.Comment: Three references added, 6 pages, late