Arborização de vias públicas: posição dos moradores de três loteamentos na cidade de Santa Maria (RS)Tree planting in streets: the position of residents at three housing developments in Santa Maria city (RS)

A arborização das onze vias que compõem os loteamentos Parque Residencial Fiori D’Itália, Parque Universitário e Parque Monte Carlo, no bairro Camobi, na cidade de Santa Maria-RS foi avaliada por meio de um censo das espécies existentes e de uma pesquisa de opinião pública aplicada nas 93 residências cujo objetivo era identificar a relação e o comprometimento dos mesmos com a vegetação existente. Os resultados demonstraram que a escolha das espécies, plantio e manejo, cabe aos moradores, os quais apontam esta responsabilidade como inerente ao proprietário, isentando o poder público de tal compromisso.Abstract The planting of tress alongside the eleven streets that compose the housing developments at the “Parque Residencial Fiori D’Itália”, “Parque Universitário” and “Parque Monte Carlo”, in the district of Camobi, in the city of Santa Maria – RS, was appraised by means of a census of the existing species and a survey of public opinion collected at 93 homes, with the objective of identifying the relationship and the commitment of the residents with the existing trees. The results have indicated that the selection of the species, planting and handling are taken over by the inhabitants, who view this responsibility as inherent to owners and exempt the public administration from such tasks

PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS MORADORES DE TRÊS LOTEAMENTOS PARTICULARES EM SANTA MARIA (RS) QUANTO A ARBORIZAÇÃO DE VIAS PÚBLICAS

A arborização das vias que compõem três loteamentos na cidade de Santa Maria-RS foi avaliada por meio de levantamento das espécies existentes e por meio de um instrumento aplicado junto aos moradores cujo objetivo foi identificar a percepção dos moradores quanto à vegetação existente nas vias públicas dos respectivos loteamentos. Os resultados demonstraram que a escolha das espécies, plantio e manejo, cabe aos moradores, os quais apontam esta responsabilidade como inerente ao proprietário, isentando o poder público de tal compromisso

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects Induced by <i>Allium sativum</i> L. Extracts on an Ex Vivo Experimental Model of Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic and multifactorial inflammatory conditions of the colonic mucosa (ulcerative colitis), characterized by increased and unbalanced immune response to external stimuli. Garlic and its bioactive constituents were reported to exert various biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. We aimed to evaluate the protective effects of a hydroalcoholic (GHE) and a water (GWE) extract from a Sicilian variety of garlic, known as Nubia red garlic, on an ex vivo experimental model of ulcerative colitis, involving isolated LPS-treated mouse colon specimens. Both extracts were able to counteract LPS-induced cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), and interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression in mouse colon. Moreover, the same extracts inhibited prostaglandin (PG)E2, 8-iso-PGF2α, and increased the 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid/serotonin ratio following treatment with LPS. In particular, GHE showed a better anti-inflammatory profile. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects induced by both extracts could be related, at least partially, to their polyphenolic composition, with particular regards to catechin. Concluding, our results showed that GHE and GWE exhibited protective effects in colon, thus suggesting their potential use in the prevention and management of ulcerative colitis

The genomic landscape of hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The genetic basis of hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a subtype of ALL characterized by aneuploidy and poor outcome, is unknown. Genomic profiling of 124 hypodiploid ALL cases, including whole-genome and exome sequencing of 40 cases, identified two subtypes that differ in the severity of aneuploidy, transcriptional profiles and submicroscopic genetic alterations. Near-haploid ALL with 24-31 chromosomes harbor alterations targeting receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and Ras signaling (71%) and the lymphoid transcription factor gene IKZF3 (encoding AIOLOS; 13%). In contrast, low-hypodiploid ALL with 32-39 chromosomes are characterized by alterations in TP53 (91.2%) that are commonly present in nontumor cells, IKZF2 (encoding HELIOS; 53%) and RB1 (41%). Both near-haploid and low-hypodiploid leukemic cells show activation of Ras-signaling and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-signaling pathways and are sensitive to PI3K inhibitors, indicating that these drugs should be explored as a new therapeutic strategy for this aggressive form of leukemia

High Risk of Anal and Rectal Cancer in Patients With Anal and/or Perianal Crohn’s Disease

International audienceBackground & AimsLittle is known about the magnitude of the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with anal and/or perineal Crohn’s disease. We aimed to assess the risk of anal and rectal cancer in patients with Crohn’s perianal disease followed up in the Cancers Et Surrisque Associé aux Maladies Inflammatoires Intestinales En France (CESAME) cohort.MethodsWe collected data from 19,486 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) enrolled in the observational CESAME study in France, from May 2004 through June 2005; 14.9% of participants had past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease. Subjects were followed up for a median time of 35 months (interquartile range, 29–40 mo). To identify risk factors for anal cancer in the total CESAME population, we performed a case-control study in which participants were matched for age and sex.ResultsAmong the total IBD population, 8 patients developed anal cancer and 14 patients developed rectal cancer. In the subgroup of 2911 patients with past or current anal and/or perianal Crohn’s lesions at cohort entry, 2 developed anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 3 developed perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 6 developed rectal cancer. The corresponding incidence rates were 0.26 per 1000 patient-years for anal squamous-cell carcinoma, 0.38 per 1000 patient-years for perianal fistula–related adenocarcinoma, and 0.77 per 1000 patient-years for rectal cancer. Among the 16,575 patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease without anal or perianal lesions, the incidence rate of anal cancer was 0.08 per 1000 patient-years and of rectal cancer was 0.21 per 1000 patient-years. Among factors tested by univariate conditional regression (IBD subtype, disease duration, exposure to immune-suppressive therapy, presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions), the presence of past or current anal and/or perianal lesions at cohort entry was the only factor significantly associated with development of anal cancer (odds ratio, 11.2; 95% CI, 1.18-551.51; P = .03).ConclusionsIn an analysis of data from the CESAME cohort in France, patients with anal and/or perianal Crohn’s disease have a high risk of anal cancer, including perianal fistula–related cancer, and a high risk of rectal cancer