La responsabilidad social empresarial como herramienta de marketing para el posicionamiento de una empresa trujillana de transporte interprovincial de pasajeros en la ruta Trujillo- Huamachuco en el año 2017

RESUMEN El presente trabajo de investigación es de tipo descriptiva y tiene como objetivo general diseñar un programa para la gestión de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial que permita posicionarse a la empresa de Transportes Caipo como la empresa de transporte interprovincial de pasajeros líder en responsabilidad social empresarial. Se trabajó con dos poblaciones, los trabajadores de la empresa que ascienden a 31 empleados en planilla tomándose al 100% de éstos como muestra, que sirvió para diagnosticar el nivel actual de RSE que presenta la empresa; y los clientes de la empresa que ascienden a 1159 tomándose una muestra de 289 clientes, que sirvió para diagnosticar el nivel de posicionamiento de la empresa. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios, uno para cada muestra seleccionada, el cuestionario dirigido a los trabajadores de la empresa arrojó como resultado un nivel alto en la dimensión de RSE interna, mientras que indicó un nivel medio en la dimensión de RSE externa; indicando que la empresa necesitaba enfocar sus esfuerzos en mejorar las actividades de responsabilidad social dirigido hacia la comunidad; luego en el análisis a detalle se encontró puntualmente los temas a mejorar en este aspecto; el otro cuestionario aplicado a la muestra de clientes de la empresa dio como resultado un nivel medio de posicionamiento de la empresa, mostrando en el análisis a detalle los puntos débiles a mejorar. Por último se elaboró el plan de responsabilidad social empresarial, tomando en cuenta las oportunidades de mejora encontradas previamente, acorde a la realidad de la empresa, que busca utilizar la RSE como ventaja competitiva para mejorar el posicionamiento de la empresa de Transportes Caipo.ABSTRACT The present research work is descriptive and has as general objective to develop a Corporate Social Responsibility plan that will allow the company of Transport Caipo as the company of interprovincial passenger transport leader in corporate social responsibility. We worked with two populations, the workers of the company that amount to 31 employees in the form taking 100% of these as a sample, which served to diagnose the current level of CSR that the company presents, and the company's customers amounting to 1159 taking a sample of 289 customers, which served to diagnose the level of positioning of the company. Two questionnaires were applied, one for each selected sample, the questionnaire addressed to the company's employees resulted in a high level in the internal CSR dimension, while it indicated an average level in the external CSR dimension; indicator that the company needed to focus its efforts on improving social responsibility activities directed towards the community; then in the detailed analysis the topics to be improved in this aspect were found punctually; the other questionnaire applied to the sample of clients of the company resulted in an average level of positioning of the company, showing in the analysis to detail the weaknesses to improve. Finally, the corporate social responsibility plan was drawn up, taking into account the improvement opportunities previously found, in line with the reality of the company, which seeks to use CSR as a competitive advantage to improve the positioning of the Caipo transport company

Estrategias de cobranza y su efecto en la recaudación del impuesto predial, caso de una Municipalidad distrital de San Martin 2023

El estudio tuvo como propósito determinar el efecto de las estrategias de cobranza en el recaudo del impuesto sobre el predio, caso de una municipalidad distrital de San Martín, en el aspecto metodológico se tiene que es una investigación de tipo aplicada, con diseño no experimental, el nivel fue descriptivo, el instrumento aplicado a la muestra fue el cuestionario, con un total de 20 ítems, los que fueron validados por el juicio de profesionales expertos, también se analizó la confiabilidad por el Alfa de Cronbach, con valores de .846 y .711 para las variables. Los resultados muestran que, el 41.8% considera que el nivel de estrategias de cobranza que tiene la municipalidad es bajo, el 72.7% consideran que se está en un nivel medio de recaudación del impuesto predial, de la parte inferencial, el p valor obtenido fue de .000 y el coeficiente correlacional fue .625. Se concluye, existe un efecto significativo de las estrategias de cobranza con el recaudo del impuesto sobre el predio, en el caso de una municipalidad distrital de San Martín, nivel de correlación positivo moderado, al mejorar las estrategias de cobranza, mejorando su cultura tributaria, con una comunicación efectiva, el nivel de recaudación del impuesto predial será mejor

Síndrome de burnout y personalidad en docentes de instituciones educativas de Chaclacayo, 2022

Esta tesis tuvo como objetivo identificar la relación que existe entre síndrome de burnout y personalidad en docentes de instituciones educativas de Chaclacayo, 2022; bajo un diseño correlacional no experimental, un enfoque cuantitativo; además, un corte transversal. Los participantes fueron 70 docentes, 50 mujeres y 20 varones, entre las edades de 30 a 65 años. Los docentes fueron evaluados a través de los instrumentos Maslach burnout Inventory y el Big Five Inventory. Los resultados indicaron que no existe relación entre el síndrome de burnout y la personalidad, por tal las capacidades control, compromiso y retos; también, los tipos de personalidad son elementos protectores para controlar al síndrome de burnout; agregando a lo anterior, los participantes cuentan con el factor de responsabilidad perteneciente al grupo de factores protectores. Se hallo los niveles del síndrome de burnout prevalecen en un nivel medio. Se detectó que el tipo de personalidad mayormente registrada fue el de factor responsabilidad. Finalmente se encontró que no existe relación entre el síndrome de burnout y la personalidad, por tal las capacidades control, compromiso y retos; también, los tipos de personalidad son elementos protectores para controlar al síndrome de burnout

Influence of pH and temperature in the performance of Zn phosphate conversion coatings

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGThe influence of variations in temperature (from 50 ◦C to 70 ◦C) and pH (2.4 and 2.9) in the Zn phosphate conversion treatment of a high-strength steel was assessed in this study. The effect of the temperature changes depends on the pH of the bath. The results evidenced an enhanced corrosion resistance with the increased temperature for baths at pH 2.4, whereas no relevant differences were concluded for baths at pH 2.9. This latter pH condition provided a better surface coverage, even with lower coating masses, than the former value. The microstructural analysis showed the development of films composed of smaller crystals for the treatments at pH 2.9. Impedance spectroscopy was established as a powerful tool with great potential for characterising phosphate layers. The accuracy of this methodology greatly depends on the equivalent circuit used for the simulation. A model based on the transmission line allows the reliable estimation of the percentage of exposed area (coating efficiency), the identification of changes in the film conductivity, and the qualitative analysis of its structureXunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431B2021/1

A comprehensive structural and electrochemical study on the performance of Mn-phosphate layers

Several manganese phosphating routes, including the influence of immersion time (15 min. and 30 min.), addition of accelerators (Ni(NO3)2, 2 g/l), modification in the activation stage (increased concentration in the activator), and ultrasonic stirring, were used to obtain films with a variety of characteristics. This research uses the following common analytical methods for the phosphate characterisation: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical techniques (potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Thus, modifications in the coating mass, covering efficiency, surface appearance, and chemical composition/structure could be determined. This study showed that accelerators induced the formation of thicker layers (up to 125 % bigger), whereas ultrasonic stirring assisted with reducing the crystal sizes and developing denser films (up to 50 % reduction in the icorr values). The dry frictional tests showed that the wear behaviour depended on the phosphate thickness, crystal density, and film tortuosity. A fine-grained structure or a thick film contributed to an improved wear performance (near 80 % reduction in the coefficient of friction), but grains that are too fine along with an intricate structure worsened the behaviour under frictional forces.Universidade de Vigo/CISU

Natural killer (NK) cell-derived extracellular-vesicle shuttled microRNAs control T cell responses.

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and kill target cells undergoing different types of stress. NK cells are also capable of modulating immune responses. In particular, they regulate T cell functions. Small RNA next-generation sequencing of resting and activated human NK cells and their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) led to the identification of a specific repertoire of NK-EV-associated microRNAs and their post-transcriptional modifications signature. Several microRNAs of NK-EVs, namely miR-10b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-155-5p, specifically target molecules involved in Th1 responses. NK-EVs promote the downregulation of GATA3 mRNA in CD4+ T cells and subsequent TBX21 de-repression that leads to Th1 polarization and IFN-γ and IL-2 production. NK-EVs also have an effect on monocyte and moDCs (monocyte-derived dendritic cells) function, driving their activation and increased presentation and costimulatory functions. Nanoparticle-delivered NK-EV microRNAs partially recapitulate NK-EV effects in mice. Our results provide new insights on the immunomodulatory roles of NK-EVs that may help to improve their use as immunotherapeutic tools.This manuscript was funded by grants PDI-2020-120412RB-I00 and PDC2021- 121719-I00 (FS-M) and PID2020- 119352RB-I00 (AS) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; CAM (S2017/BMD3671-INFLAMUNE-CM) from the Comunidad de Madrid (FS-M). CIBERCV (CB16/11/00272) and BIOIMID PIE13/041 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos. The current research has received funding from 'la Caixa' Foundation under the project code HR17-00016. Grants from Ramón Areces Foundation 'Ciencias de la Vida y de la Salud' (XIX Concurso-2018) and from Ayuda Fundación BBVA y Equipo de Investigación Científica (BIOMEDICINA-2018) (to FSM). The CNIC is supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015–0505). IMDEA Nanociencia acknowledges support from the ‘Severo Ochoa’ Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (MINECO, CEX2020-001039-S). SGD is supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. Authors thank Dr Miguel Vicente-Manzanares for critical review and editing. We also thank Dr Francisco Urbano and Dr Covadonga Aguado for their support with EM (TEM facilities, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid).S

Pathologic response rates after neoadjuvant therapy for sarcoma: A single institution study

(1) Background: Pathologic necrosis of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) has been used to determine treatment response, but its relationship to neoadjuvant treatments remains indeterminate. In this retrospective, single institution study, we hypothesized that neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NA-CRT) yields higher rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) than neoadjuvant radiation (NA-XRT) or chemotherapy (NA-CT) alone. (2) Methods: Patients with extremity STS between 2011–2020 who received neoadjuvant treatment were included. pCR was defined as percent necrosis of the surgical specimen greater than or equal to 90%. (3) Results: 79 patients were analyzed. 51.9% of the population were male with a mean age of 58.4 years. 49.4% identified as Non-Hispanic White. Twenty-six (32.9%) patients achieved pCR while 53 (67.1%) did not. NA-CT (OR 15.82, 95% CI = 2.58–96.9, p = 0.003 in univariate (UVA) and OR 24.7, 95% CI = 2.88–211.2, p = 0.003 in multivariate (MVA), respectively) and NA-XRT (OR 5.73, 95% CI = 1.51–21.8, p = 0.010 in UVA and OR 7.95, 95% CI = 1.87–33.7, p = 0.005 in MVA, respectively) was significantly associated with non-pCR when compared to NA-CRT. The analysis also demonstrated that grade 3 tumors, when using grade 2 as reference, also had significantly higher odds of achieving pCR (OR 0.23, 95% CI = 0.06–0.80, p = 0.022 in UVA and OR 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04–0.70, p = 0.015 in MVA, respectively). (4) Conclusion: NA-CRT yields superior pCR compared to other neoadjuvant regimens. This extends to higher grade tumors

Quantitative Lipid Profiling Reveals Major Differences between Liver Organoids with Normal Pi*M and Deficient Pi*Z Variants of Alpha-1-antitrypsin.

Different mutations in the SERPINA1 gene result in alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and in an increased risk for the development of liver diseases. More than 90% of severe deficiency patients are homozygous for Z (Glu342Lys) mutation. This mutation causes Z-AAT polymerization and intrahepatic accumulation which can result in hepatic alterations leading to steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocarcinoma. We aimed to investigate lipid status in hepatocytes carrying Z and normal M alleles of the SERPINA1 gene. Hepatic organoids were developed to investigate lipid alterations. Lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells overexpressing Z-AAT, as well as in patient-derived hepatic organoids from Pi*MZ and Pi*ZZ individuals, was evaluated by Oil-Red staining in comparison to HepG2 cells expressing M-AAT and liver organoids from Pi*MM controls. Furthermore, mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analysis and transcriptomic profiling were assessed in Pi*MZ and Pi*ZZ organoids. HepG2 cells expressing Z-AAT and liver organoids from Pi*MZ and Pi*ZZ patients showed intracellular accumulation of AAT and high numbers of lipid droplets. These latter paralleled with augmented intrahepatic lipids, and in particular altered proportion of triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and cardiolipins. According to transcriptomic analysis, Pi*ZZ organoids possess many alterations in genes and cellular processes of lipid metabolism with a specific impact on the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and peroxisome dysfunction. Our data reveal a relationship between intrahepatic accumulation of Z-AAT and alterations in lipid homeostasis, which implies that liver organoids provide an excellent model to study liver diseases related to the mutation of the SERPINA1 gene.This research was funded by INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III (ISCIII), grants numbers AESI PI20CIII/00015 and PT20CIII/00009, and the APC was funded by AESI PI20CIII/00015.S

Discordant retention of HIV-infected mothers and children: Evidence for a family-based approach from Southern Mozambique

It is often assumed that children and their caregivers either stay in care together or discontinue together, but data is lacking on caregiver-child retention concordance. We sought to describe the pattern of care among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children and mothers enrolled in care at the Manhi\xC3\xA7a District Hospital (MDH).This was a retrospective review of routine HIV clinical data collected under a larger prospective HIV cohort study at MDH. Children enrolling HIV care from January 2013 to November 2016 were identified and matched to their mother's HIV clinical data. Retention in care for mothers and children was assessed at 24 months after the child's enrolment. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to evaluate variables associated with retention discordance.For the 351 mother-child pairs included in the study, only 39% of mothers had concordant care status at baseline (23% already active in care, 16% initiated care concurrently with their children). At 24-months follow up, a total of 108 (31%) mother-child pairs were concordantly retained in care, 88 (26%) pairs were concordantly lost to follow up (LTFU), and 149 (43%) had discordant retention. Pairs with concurrent registration had a higher probability of being concordantly retained in care. Children who presented with advanced clinical or immunological stage had increased probability of being concordantly LTFU.High rates of LTFU as well as high proportions of discordant retention among mother-child pairs were found. Prioritization of a family-based care model that has the potential to improve retention for children and caregivers is recommended.

A population-based audit of surgical practice and outcomes of oncoplastic breast conservations in Scotland – an analysis of 589 patients

Introduction: Current evidence for oncoplastic breast conservation (OBC) is based on single institutional series. Therefore, we carried out a population-based audit of OBC practice and outcomes in Scotland. Methods: A predefined database of patients treated with OBC was completed retrospectively in all breast units practicing OBC in Scotland. Results: 589 patients were included from 11 units. Patients were diagnosed between September 2005 and March 2017. High volume units performed a mean of 19.3 OBCs per year vs. low volume units who did 11.1 (p = 0.012). 23 different surgical techniques were used. High volume units offered a wider range of techniques (8–14) than low volume units (3–6) (p = 0.004). OBC was carried out as a joint operation involving a breast and a plastic surgeon in 389 patients. Immediate contralateral symmetrisation rate was significantly higher when OBC was performed as a joint operation (70.7% vs. not joint operations: 29.8%; p < 0.001). The incomplete excision rate was 10.4% and was significantly higher after surgery for invasive lobular carcinoma (18.9%; p = 0.0292), but was significantly lower after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (3%; p = 0.031). 9.2% of patients developed major complications requiring hospital admission. Overall the complication rate was significantly lower after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.035). The 5 year local recurrence rate was 2.7%, which was higher after OBC for DCIS (8.3%) than invasive ductal cancer (1.6%; p = 0.026). 5-year disease-free survival was 91.7%, overall survival was 93.8%, and cancer-specific survival was 96.1%. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that measured outcomes of OBC in a population-based multi-centre setting can be comparable to the outcomes of large volume single centre series