Formation of Consumption Properties of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Sauce

The aim of the study is to form consumption properties of a green sweet pepper sauce with a balanced content of macro- and microelements. Due to the use of Xanthium strumarium and chitosan a new product has high organoleptic properties that attract a consumer and increase its competitiveness at the market.Sweet green pepper that relates to most valuable vegetable cultures as to food value and taste was chosen as a main component of a sauce. For giving it a necessary consistence and for decreasing a time of thermal processing, there was used chitosan. According to results of the conducted studies, it was established, that among studied types of chitosan, advantages as to forming a consistence belongs to food acid-soluble chitosan with particle sizes up to 0,5 mm in amount 0,5 %.For preserving the natural green color, pepper fruits were preliminarily processed in 1 % decoction of Xanthium strumarium at temperature 75ºС during 15 min. For increasing its food value, the recipe was added with spicy-aromatic vegetable raw materials: garlic, dill, parsley, celery.The sauce quality was formed by mathematical modeling using general criteria of optimization of organoleptic parameters. There were also determined specific criteria of optimization of the recipe composition taking into account their daily need. As a result of the conducted studies the composition of recipe components for the sauce was optimized: sweet pepper 80 %, garlic leaves – 5 %, parsley leaves,dill – 5 %, celery leaves – 5 %, salt – 1,5 %, sugar – 0,5 %, chitosan – 0,5 %.There were studied organoleptic parameters of the developed sauce, characterized by a pleasant bright-green color, homogenous paste-like consistence, pleasant taste and smell. The used stabilizing factors allowed to get the sauce with the increased content of essential factors of nutrition. They participate in the increase of protective forces of the organism, so allow to recommend them in prophylactic, child and dietary nutrition

Синтез философии и искусства в "готическом" рассказе О. Уайльда "Кентервильское привидение"

The article analyzes O. Wilde's story The Canterville Ghost in the context of using the genre of the "Gothic" story to embody the writer's philosophical views. The article studies the causes of Wilde's appeal to the "Gothic" story, its interpretation by foreign and Russian researchers. The purpose of the article is to prove the synthesis of art and philosophy in the story. The multi-layers of the writer's works reflect his un­derstanding of the multi-layered nature of the world, and Wilde's text combines reflections on topical social, moral and philosophical problems with an individual author's vision of reality. In The Canterville Ghost Wilde begins to comprehend the „American theme", which highlights the problems of interaction between civiliza­tions, the victory of rationality over spirituality and the tragedy behind it. Wilde's negative attitude towards materialism, practicality of modern times is also manifested in depicting false messages based on logic.В статье проанализирован рассказ О. Уайльда "Кентервильское привидение" с точки зрения использования жанра "готического" рассказа для воплощения философских взглядов писателя

Probe microscopy in the study of the surface of aluminum alloys

The work was supported by the Grant of the RNF 14-19-01033-P (study of topography and elemental composition of the surface) and the State Task (№ State registration AAAA-A17-117021310379-5 - study of electrical properties of the surface). The authors are grateful to N.A. Belov (MISiS) for providing samples

Визначення якісного складу та кількісного вмісту гідроксикоричних кислот у сировині рослин роду Лілійник (Hemerocallis l.)

Summary . Qualitative composition and quantitative content of hydroxycinnamic acids in modified roots, leavesand flowers of two species of Hemerocallis L. genus have been determined. Spectrophotometrically significant totalcontent of hydroxycinnamic acids in leaves and flowers of tawny daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) has been determined. Bythe method of high-performance liquid chromatography presence of chlorogenic acid has been determined in all kindsof plant raw materials of tawny daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) and hybrid daylily (Hemerocallis hybrida var. «Stella DeOro»).KEY WORDS: hydroxycinnamic acids, tawny daylily, hybrid daylily, spectrophotometry, high-performance liquРезюме . Встановлено якісний склад та визначено кількісний вміст гідроксикоричних кислот у коренебульбах,листках і квітках двох видів роду Лілійник (Hemerocallis L.). Спектрофотометрично визначено значний вмістсуми гідроксикоричних кислот у листках і квітках лілійника буро-жовтого. Методом високоефективної рідинноїхроматографії в усіх видах сировини лілійника буро-жовтого (Hemerocallis fulva L.) і лілійника гібридного(Hemerocallis hybrida var. «Stella De Oro») встановлено наявність хлорогенової кислоти.КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: гідроксикоричні кислоти, лілійник буро-жовтий, лілійник гібридний, спектрофотометрія,високоефективна рідинна хроматографія

Methods of probe microscopy in the study of topography and elastic properties of cold-resistant elastomers

The work was carried out under the financial support of the Russian Science Fund, grant 14-29-00198-П(sample preparation and scanning electron microscopy) and the Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations - Agreement No 007-ГЗ/Ч3363/26 (scanning probe microscopy)

Probe and electron microscopy of the surface of antifriction aluminium alloys

Работа посвящена изучению железосодержащих антифрикционных алюминиевых сплавов. Исследования проводили с использованием комплекса различных методов микроскопии, взаимно дополняющих друг друга. Были изучены образцы сплавов, как в исходном состоянии, так и после различных видов термообработки (ТО). Показано, что ТО приводит к существенным изменениям структуры сплавов.The work is devoted to investigation of iron-containing aluminum antifrictional alloys. Mutually complementary different microscopy methods were used. Samples at the initial state and after the different types of heat-treatments were investigated. It was shown that some types of treatment lead to significant changing of the surface structure.Работа проведена при поддержке гранта РНФ 14-19-01033. Авторы благодарны Н.А.Белову (МИСиС) за предоставление образцо

Probe Microscopy of Adhesive and Viscous parameters of Elastomers

В работе исследовалось влияние различных модификаторов (технический углерод, оксид графена и фторсодержащий модификатор) на эксплуатационные свойства низкотемпературных уплотнительных резин. Показано, что введение технического углерода, приводит к значительному увеличению прочности и модулей при растяжении.The influence of different Modifying Agents (Technical Carbon (TC), Graphene Oxide and fluorine composite) on operating parameters of Low-temperature Rubbers was investigated. It was shown that addition of TC leads to significant increase of strength and strain modulus.Работа проведена при поддержке гранта РНФ 14-29-00198

Изучение структурных изменений поверхностных слоев алюминиевых сплавов на основе системы Al–Si–Cu при их деформации в процессе трения

Experimental antifriction aluminum alloys based on the Al–5%Si–4%Cu system with the addition of Bi, Pb, In, and Cd low-melting components were studied. An optimal heat treatment mode was selected: hardening at 500 °С with further aging at 175 °С. Tribological tests were carried out according to the «shoe–roller» scheme (investigated material – Steel 45) (at pressures of 0.5, 1 and 2 MPa) simulating the bearing assembly operation. It was shown that all the experimental alloys have similar tribological properties. However, their mechanical properties (in particular, hardness) differ. A cadmium containing alloy had the highest hardness. Electron microscopic studies of the shoe and roller surfaces were carried out for samples made of this alloy before and after tribological tests including the study of topography and elemental composition. The process of active mass transfer in the contact zone during friction was revealed. At the same time, the roller demonstrated a film formed of secondary structures on the roller and its parameters were determined  (uneven pattern of location on the surface, considerable relief with the maximum thickness up to 200 μm). It was shown that such a film leads to score formation with the friction modes used. It was determined that for all experimental alloys scoring occurs after testing at pressures above 1 MPa. Shoe nanoindentation (with 10–100 mN loads) showed increased hardness in the surface layer with a thickness of about 30 μm. This may be connected with the material hardening as a result of plastic strains occurred in the friction zone.В работе изучены экспериментальные антифрикционные алюминиевые сплавы на основе системы Al–5%Si–4%Cu с добавлением легкоплавких компонентов Bi, Pb, In и Cd. Подобран оптимальный режим термообработки, включающий закаливание при температуре 500 °С с дальнейшим старением при 175 °С. Проведены трибологические испытания по схеме колодка–ролик (исследуемый материал – Сталь 45) при давлениях 0,5, 1,0 и 2,0 МПа, моделирующие работу подшипникового узла. Показано, что все экспериментальные сплавы обладают близкими трибологическими свойствами, однако их механические характнристики, в частности показатели твердости, различаются. Наибольшее ее значение имеет сплав, содержащий кадмий. Электронно-микроскопическим методом исследованы поверхности колодки и ролика из этого материала до и после трибологических испытаний: изучена топография и определен элементный состав. Выявлен процесс активного массопереноса в контактной зоне при трении. При этом на ролике обнаружено формирование пленки вторичных структур и определены ее параметры: неравномерный характер расположения на поверхности и развитый рельеф, максимальная толщина которого достигает 200 мкм. Показано, что при использованных режимах трения такая пленка способствует образованию задира. Установлено, что задир для всех экспериментальных сплавов наступает после испытаний при давлении выше 1 МПа. Проведенное наноиндентирование колодки (с нагрузками от 10 до 100 мН) показало увеличение твердости в приповерхностном слое толщиной около 30 мкм. Это может быть связано с упрочнением материала в результате возникновения пластических деформаций в зоне трения

Probe microscopy and another microscopy methods for investigation of the surface of non-homogeneous materials

Тонкие покрытия, состоящие из оксидов l, Zr и Y, нанесенных на стальную подложку из нержавеющей стали, исследовались до и после триботехнических испытаний. Показано, что покрытия на основе диоксида циркония, стабилизированного иттрием, увеличивают ресурс работы материала.Thin over layers (Al, Zr and Y oxides), deposited on stainless steel substrate, were investigated before and after the friction tests. It was shown that covering by zirconium oxide (stabilized by yttrium) leads to increase of operation life of composition.Работа проведена при поддержке гранта РФФИ 15-08-06298

Equilibrium susceptibilities of superparamagnets: longitudinal & transverse, quantum & classical

The equilibrium susceptibility of uniaxial paramagnets is studied in a unified framework which permits to connect traditional results of the theory of quantum paramagnets, \Sm=1/2, 1, 3/2, ..., with molecular magnetic clusters, \Sm\sim5, 10, 20, all the way up, \Sm=30, 50, 100,... to the theory of classical superparamagnets. This is done using standard tools of quantum statistical mechanics and linear response theory (the Kubo correlator formalism). Several features of the temperature dependence of the susceptibility curves (crossovers, peaks, deviations from Curie law) are studied and their scalings with \Sm identified and characterized. Both the longitudinal and transverse susceptibilities are discussed, as well as the response of the ensemble with anisotropy axes oriented at random. For the latter case a simple approximate formula is derived too, and its range of validity assessed, so it could be used in modelization of experiments.Comment: 32 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to J.Phys.Condens.Matte