Magnetostatic surface waves on left-handed materials (LHM)

The nonlinear characteristics of magnetostatic surface waves at microwave frequencies in a layered structure of left-handed material film and a semi-infinite linear ferrite substrate have been investigated. The general dispersion relation is derived and analyzed numerically. It is found that it has two solutions for ω (k), one represents a physical solution and other unacceptable. The effects of the applied external magnetic field around the proposed region have also been examined

Laplace Adomian Decomposition and Modify Laplace Adomian Decomposition Methods for Solving Linear Volterra Integro-Fractional Differential Equations with Constant Multi-Time Retarded Delay

     في هذا العمل نقدم تحويلات لابلاس مع طريقة أدوميان التحليلية المتسلسلة و كما اننا نعدل طريقة أدوميان التحليلية للمرة الاولى لحل معادلات فولتيرا التفاضلية-التكاملية الخطيه للرتب الكسرية كما في مفهوم كابوتو مع التأخير الحدي المتضاعف الثابت. هذه الطريقة تعتمد على مزيج ممتاز من طريقة تحويلات لابلاس، طريقة تحديد المتسلسلات، طريقة متعددات الحدود لادوميان مع التعديلات. أن التقنية المستخدمة تحول التأخير الحدي للمعادلات التفاضلية ذات التكاملات الكسرية الى معادلات جبرية متكررة عندما تكون نواة الفروق من نوع المنحل البسيط. و أخيراَ أعطيت أمثلة لتوضيح فعالية و ديقة الطرق المقترحة.In this work, we present Laplace transform with series Adomian decomposition and modify Adomian decomposition methods for the first time to solve linear Volterra integro-differential equations of the fractional order in Caputo sense with constant multi-time Retarded delay. This method is primarily based on the elegant mixture of Laplace transform method, series expansion method and Adomian polynomial with modifications. The proposed technique will transform the multi-term delay integro-fractional differential equations into some iterative algebraic equations, and it is capable of reducing computational analytical works where the kernel of difference and simple degenerate types. Analytical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods

The pattern of juvenile idiopathic arthritis; a retrospective Egyptian study

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common autoimmune musculoskeletal disease in children. The spectrum of patients’ profile of JIA showed many similarities and differences among different populations. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the clinical data, laboratory data, treatment protocols and patient’s outcomes of JIA among Egyptian population.Methods: We checked and analyzed medical files of children with JIA followed up at pediatric rheumatology clinic between 2004-2010 at Alexandria Main Children Hospital.Results: Our study included data about 63 Egyptian JIA patients (33 males and 30 females), with a mean age of 7.3±3.1 years (range 3-16 years). We found that oligoarticular subtype was the predominant (41.2%) among cases followed by polyarticular (35%) then systemic onset type in (23.8%). Most of the patients lived in rural areas (57.1%). Clinically, knee joints (74.6%) were the most affected joints while pallor (42.9%) was main extra-articular manifestations (42.2%) among all subtypes. Uveitis (6.3%) manifested among oligoarticular and polyarticular subtypes only. Rheumatoid factor and anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) were positive among 69.8% and 20.6% of the studied cases respectively. Remission rate was 47.6% and occurred mostly in oligoarticular subtype. Also, the regimen of combination of two drugs showed the highest remission rate (39.8%).Conclusion: The pattern of JIA among Egyptian children showed predominance of oligoarticular subtype specially at rural areas which differed from Western and Gulf  countries pattern.Keywords: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, oligoarticular, Rheumatoid factor, morning stiffnes

Synthesis of Novel Acetylinc Derivative of Metformin as a DPP-4 Inhibitors and Study its Effects on Sera of Rabbits with induced Diabetes

The study aimed to prepare novel derivative of metformin similar to the work of the enzyme inhibitors DPP-4 and so the need for new inhibitors may be a side effect with less addition to linking types of drugs have a stronger effect on patients with diabetes and to study the impact of this derivative inside the living cell has been prepared derived through interaction metformin with propargyl chloride. It was to make sure the chemical structure by using analytical and spectral methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR), and the results confirming the obtained structures,  then purified by column chromatography by using silica gel as stationary phase and methanol as a mobile phase. The study is derived on the impact of rabbits where they were taking the 40 rabbits with similar weights and were divided into four groups (10 rabbits per group) weredivided as follows, the first group G1 obtained as a control group, which did not gave any things. The second group G2 has injected by aloxane a concentration of 120 mg / kg using syringes medical capacity of 3 ml to inject rabbits in the vein ear and after two hours of injection they were given glucose solution of 10%, the confirmed they injured rabbits diabetes by measuring blood sugar to 10 rabbits have been selected randomly and then it was taken two sets of this group, the third group G3 were given a drug sitagliptin with concentration of 10 mg / kg, and the fourth group G4, were given the prepared derivative with concentration of 8 mg / kg for 3 days and pulled blood samples after the last dose on the third day. Serum used in determination of lipid profile,DPP-4 activity,alanine transaminase(ALT),Aspartate transaminase(AST) and insulin. Results of statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in the level of FBG and  DPP-4 activity  of  the prepared derivative, and also showed a decrease in the level of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL, while  results showed increase in HDL level in G4 comparing to G1. Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus , Dipeptidylpeptidase -4  , metformin .

Internet of Bio Nano Things-based FRET nanocommunications for eHealth

The integration of the Internet of Bio Nano Things (IoBNT) with artificial intelligence (AI) and molecular communications technology is now required to achieve eHealth, specifically in the targeted drug delivery system (TDDS). In this work, we investigate an analytical framework for IoBNT with Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) nanocommunication to enable intelligent bio nano thing (BNT) machine to accurately deliver therapeutic drug to the diseased cells. The FRET nanocommunication is accomplished by using the well-known pair of fluorescent proteins, EYFP and ECFP. Furthermore, the proposed IoBNT monitors drug transmission by using the quenching process in order to reduce side effects in healthy cells. We investigate the IoBNT framework by driving diffusional rate models in the presence of a quenching process. We evaluate the performance of the proposed framework in terms of the energy transfer efficiency, diffusion-controlled rate and drug loss rate. According to the simulation results, the proposed IoBNT with the intelligent bio nano thing for monitoring the quenching process can significantly achieve high energy transfer efficiency and low drug delivery loss rate, i.e., accurately delivering the desired therapeutic drugs to the diseased cell

Heat Treated NiP–SiC Composite Coatings: Elaboration and Tribocorrosion Behaviour in NaCl Solution

Tribocorrosion behaviour of heat-treated NiP and NiP–SiC composite coatings was investigated in a 0.6 M NaCl solution. The tribocorrosion tests were performed in a linear sliding tribometer with an electrochemical cell interface. It was analyzed the influence of SiC particles dispersion in the NiP matrix on current density developed, on coefficient of friction and on wear volume loss. The results showed that NiP–SiC composite coatings had a lower wear volume loss compared to NiP coatings. However, the incorporation of SiC particles into the metallic matrix affects the current density developed by the system during the tribocorrosion test. It was verified that not only the volume of co-deposited particles (SiC vol.%) but also the number of SiC particles per coating area unit (and consequently the SiC particles size) have made influence on the tribocorrosion behaviour of NiP–SiC composite coatings

Rituximab in rheumatology: single-centre SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 prevalence.

We describe a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevalence of 20% in rheumatic disease patients treated with rituximab, with 10.3% of these (2% of the entire cohort) having died of COVID-19-related causes

Research Involving People of a Refugee Background:Considerations for Ethical Engagement

This paper is of relevance to both those considering carrying out research and those participating in it. It is based on discussions between three researchers of a non-refugee background and a small group of nine people of a refugee background living in Ireland and Scotland, all of whom have been involved in research in some way. The paper is divided into three sections outlining what should be considered before, during and after data has been collected from people of a refugee background.Irish Research CouncilUniversity College DublinFunded by the Irish Research Council and the Scottish Irish Migration Initiativ

The Nurosleeve, a User-Centered 3D Printed Hybrid Orthosis for Individuals With Upper Extremity Impairment

BACKGROUND: Active upper extremity (UE) assistive devices have the potential to restore independent functional movement in individuals with UE impairment due to neuromuscular diseases or injury-induced chronic weakness. Academically fabricated UE assistive devices are not usually optimized for activities of daily living (ADLs), whereas commercially available alternatives tend to lack flexibility in control and activation methods. Both options are typically difficult to don and doff and may be uncomfortable for extensive daily use due to their lack of personalization. To overcome these limitations, we have designed, developed, and clinically evaluated the NuroSleeve, an innovative user-centered UE hybrid orthosis. METHODS: This study introduces the design, implementation, and clinical evaluation of the NuroSleeve, a user-centered hybrid device that incorporates a lightweight, easy to don and doff 3D-printed motorized UE orthosis and a functional electrical stimulation (FES) component. Our primary goals are to develop a customized hybrid device that individuals with UE neuromuscular impairment can use to perform ADLs and to evaluate the benefits of incorporating the device into occupational therapy sessions. The trial is designed as a prospective, open-label, single-cohort feasibility study of eight-week sessions combined with at-home use of the device and implements an iterative device design process where feedback from participants and therapists informs design improvement cycles. RESULTS: All participants learned how to independently don, doff, and use the NuroSleeve in ADLs, both in clinical therapy and in their home environments. All participants showed improvements in their Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), which was the primary clinical trial outcome measure. Furthermore, participants and therapists provided valuable feedback to guide further development. CONCLUSIONS: Our results from non-clinical testing and clinical evaluation demonstrate that the NuroSleeve has met feasibility and safety goals and effectively improved independent voluntary function during ADLs. The study\u27s encouraging preliminary findings indicate that the NuroSleeve has met its technical and clinical objectives while improving upon the limitations of the existing UE orthoses owing to its personalized and flexible approach to hardware and firmware design. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04798378, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04798378 , date of registration: March 15, 2021

Rapid Adjustments Cause Weak Surface Temperature Response to Increased Black Carbon Concentrations

We investigate the climate response to increased concentrations of black carbon (BC), as part of the Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP). A tenfold increase in BC is simulated by nine global coupled‐climate models, producing a model median effective radiative forcing of 0.82 (ranging from 0.41 to 2.91) W m⁻², and a warming of 0.67 (0.16 to 1.66) K globally and 1.24 (0.26 to 4.31) K in the Arctic. A strong positive instantaneous radiative forcing (median of 2.10 W m⁻² based on five of the models) is countered by negative rapid adjustments (−0.64 W m⁻² for the same five models), which dampen the total surface temperature signal. Unlike other drivers of climate change, the response of temperature and cloud profiles to the BC forcing is dominated by rapid adjustments. Low‐level cloud amounts increase for all models, while higher‐level clouds are diminished. The rapid temperature response is particularly strong above 400 hPa, where increased atmospheric stabilization and reduced cloud cover contrast the response pattern of the other drivers. In conclusion, we find that this substantial increase in BC concentrations does have considerable impacts on important aspects of the climate system. However, some of these effects tend to offset one another, leaving a relatively small median global warming of 0.47 K per W m⁻²—about 20% lower than the response to a doubling of CO₂. Translating the tenfold increase in BC to the present‐day impact of anthropogenic BC (given the emissions used in this work) would leave a warming of merely 0.07 K