32,483 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
The experiences of medical students and junior doctors with dyslexia: a survey study
Little research exists concerning dyslexia in medical education. A qualitative study highlighted issues such as bullying and a lack of support. This project aimed to quantify those findings. An online survey was sent to junior doctors in parts of the United Kingdom. Seventy-five participated. Most (53%) were diagnosed with dyslexia at university / medical school. Most reported that dyslexia impacted upon their self-image (59%) and self-esteem (73%). Nearly half (46%) felt it influenced their career pathway choices within medicine. Participants reported bullying at medical school-from peers (24%), from academic teachers (14%), and from clinical teachers (27%); and also at work-from peers (25%), from academic teachers (13%), and from clinical teachers (23%). 88% reported that foundation schools provided no support, 92% that NHS Trusts provided none, and 90% that their deaneries provided none. The sorts of supports which seemed to be lacking were "psychological" or "pastoral" supports
Ethnic parity in labour market outcomes for benefit claimants
A significant gap exists in the UK between the employment rate for Ethnic Minorities and that for
Whites. From a policy perspective, it is important to know whether this gap is due to differences in
the characteristics of White and Ethnic Minority groups (which reduce the employability of Ethnic
Minority groups relative to Whites) or whether it results from some form of discriminatory behaviour
in the labour market. In this paper, we use administrative data to estimate ethnic differences in
employment and benefit receipt amongst individuals who began claiming a Jobcentre Plus benefit
in 2003. In contrast to much of the previous UK literature, we use a number of different quantitative
techniques to estimate this gap, and show that in a lot of cases the estimates obtained are very
sensitive to the techniques used. We argue that for the questions we are interested in and the data
we have, propensity score matching methods are the most robust approach to estimating ethnic
parity. We compare this preferred approach with estimates derived using alternative approaches
commonly used in the literature (generally regression-based techniques) to determine the extent to
which more straightforward methods are able to replicate those produced by matching. In many
cases, it turns out not to be possible to calculate satisfactory quantitative estimates even with
matching techniques: the characteristics of Whites and Ethnic Minorities are simply too different
before the Jobcentre Plus intervention to reliably estimate the parameters of interest. Moreover, for
a number of the groups, results seem to be very sensitive to the methodology used. This calls into
question previous results based on simple regression techniques, which are likely to hide the fact
that observationally different ethnic groups are de facto being compared on the basis of parametric
extrapolations. Two groups for which it was possible to calculate reasonably reliable results are
incapacity benefit (IB) and income support (IS). For these groups we find that large and significant
raw penalties almost always disappear once we appropriately control for pre-inflow background
and labour market characteristics. There is also a good degree of consistency across
methodologies
Sub-femtosecond electron bunches created by direct laser acceleration in a laser wakefield accelerator with ionization injection
In this work, we will show through three-dimensional particle-in-cell
simulations that direct laser acceleration in laser a wakefield accelerator can
generate sub-femtosecond electron bunches. Two simulations were done with two
laser pulse durations, such that the shortest laser pulse occupies only a
fraction of the first bubble, whereas the longer pulse fills the entire first
bubble. In the latter case, as the trapped electrons moved forward and
interacted with the high intensity region of the laser pulse, micro-bunching
occurred naturally, producing 0.5 fs electron bunches. This is not observed in
the short pulse simulation.Comment: AAC 201
Intending to be ethical: An examination of consumer choice in sweatshop avoidance
While much research in ethical consumption has focused on contexts such as food, this research explores ethical consumer decision-making in the context of intention to avoid sweatshop apparel. This research seeks to deepen the Theory of Planned Behavior with respect to the motivation and volitional stages underlying behavior. The findings of the research, based on 794 consumers, are novel and support an enriched framework which reveals that the role of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are mediated by desire, intention and plan. The findings have implications for research seeking to address the ‘intention-behavior’ gap
Recommended from our members
Advances in test and measurement of the interface adhesion and bond strengths in coating-substrate systems, emphasising blister and bulk techniques
In this paper, recent advances in the minimum-destructive testing of the adhesion of coating-substrate systems are reviewed, focusing on key techniques such as micro- and nano-scale levels of indentation, scratching, laser-induced wave shock, as well as the blister and buckle approach. Along with adhesion failure tests, the latest and most extensive applications of the adhesion test methods in nano-, micro- and bulk-coating technology and the associated techniques to determine the minimum damage defects left on the coatings are discussed and their use reviewed
VSTOL tilt nacelle aerodynamics and its relation to fan blade stresses
A scale model of a VSTOL tilt nacelle with a 0.508 m single stage fan was tested in a low speed wind tunnel to ascertain inlet aerodynamic and fan aeromechanical performance over the low speed flight envelope. Fan blade stress maxima occurred at discrete rotational speeds corresponding to integral engine order vibrations of the first flatwise bending mode. Increased fan blade stress levels coincided with internal boundary layer separation but became severe only when the separation location had progressed to the entry lip region of the inlet
The constrained modified KP hierarchy and the generalized Miura transformations
In this letter, we consider the second Hamiltonian structure of the
constrained modified KP hierarchy. After mapping the Lax operator to a pure
differential operator the second structure becomes the sum of the second and
the third Gelfand-Dickey brackets defined by this differential operator. We
simplify this Hamiltonian structure by factorizing the Lax operator into linear
terms.Comment: 8 pages, latex, no figure
Cumulative luminosity functions of the X-ray point source population in M31
We present preliminary results from a detailed analysis of the X-ray point
sources in the XMM-Newton survey of M31. These sources are expected to be
mostly X-ray binaries. We have so far studied 225 of the 535 sources found by
automated source detection. Only sources which were present in all three EPIC
images were considered. X-ray binaries are identified by their energy spectrum
and power density spectrum. Unlike in other surveys we have obtained source
luminosities from freely fit emission models. We present uncorrected luminosity
functions of the sources analysed so far.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure. To appear in proceedings of IAUS23
- …