IMAGE FUSION ALGORITHM FOR FUSION OF PANCHROMATIC AND MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES FOR HIGH SPATIAL INFORMATION WHILE PRESERVING SPECTRAL INFORMATION CONTENT

In this paper image fusion algorithm for enhancing spatial quality of the multispectral image while maintaining the spectral quality of the multispectral image is proposed. The fusion algorithm is developed based on high frequency components injection to the multispectral image to improve the spatial quality of the fused image. High frequency component is generated using the Laplacian filter. Construct the saliency map and initial weight map. Finally optimum weight parameter is calculated for each band using the guided filter, using this optimum weight parameter panchromatic and multispectral images are fused to enhance the spatial quality of the multispectral image

Effect of water regimes on seed quality parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under aerobic and wetland conditions

A field experiment was conducted to know the effect of water regimes on seed quality parameters of rice and the was conducted by using factorial randomized complete block design, with two genotypes (BI-33 and Jaya) and two planting methods (Aerobic and Wetland). The resultants seeds were taken to conduct laboratory experiments pertaining to seed quality attributes and the studies revealed that the BI-33 under aerobic condition had shown a significantly higher seed quality with respect to germination (99%), mean seedling length (26.75cm), seedling dry weight (10.42 mg), SVI-I (2648) and SVI-II (1032) , highest total dehydrogenase activity (0.53 OD @ 480nm), highest amylase activity (14.67 %), highest total soluble protein content (7.15%) and recorded less EC (70.95 ?Sm-1/ppm). The experimental results revealed that both the genotypes and method of planting contribute for seed quality of the genotypes which were grown under different water regimes. The genotype grown under aerobic condition was better in seed quality parameters compared to wetland condition

Genetic variability on leaf morpho-anatomical traits in relation to sterility mosaic disease (SMD) resistance in pigeonpea

Abstract Sterility mosaic disease (SMD) is a major biotic constraint in almost all pigeonpea growing areas caused by eriophyid mite transmitted pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV). Direct selection for resistance to SMD is expensive and laborious as it requires dependent of sick plots. Identification of easily assayable and simply inherited morphological traits such as leaf anatomical traits would enable increased efficiency of breeding pigeonpea for SMD resistance. A set of 70 pigeonpea accessions were evaluated for 12 leaf structural features such as leaf thickness (LT), upper epidermal thickness (UEPT), lower epidermal thickness (LEPT), upper cuticle cell wall complex (UCWC), lower cuticle cell wall complex (LCWC), trichome number on upper surface of leaf (TNUS), trichome number on lower surface of leaf (TNLS), trichome length on upper surface of leaf (TLUS) and on lower surface of leaf (TLLS) at experimental plots of Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), UAS, Bengaluru. The accessions differed significantly for most of the traits except for specific leaf area (SLA) and specific leaf weight (SLW). The accessions were grouped into four clusters, with significant differences in cluster means and variances. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed first three PCs explaining 69.70 % of the total variation and morpho-anatomical traits such as leaf thickness (LT), trichome length on upper (TLUS) and lower (TLLS) surface of leaf were the most important characters for disease incidence. Furthermore, correlation of all the leaf traits in relation to percent incidence (PDI) indicated only TLLS having significant negative correlation (-0.456*) with SMD incidence. While, trichome length also showed higher phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficient of variation 34.33 and 34.02, respectively and broad senesce heritability (98.2%) coupled with high genetic advance (69.45). Therefore, breeding for trichome length is very important to impart vector resistance. This may provide broad based resistance to all the isolates of SMD in pigeonpea

Document Image Binarization and Segmentation

Conceptually the Binarization of the chronicled archives is NP-difficult issue since the picture contains commotion, source debasements, and enlightenment. The point of binarization is to locate the best possible picture pixels' limit to enhance the general execution of the framework. This paper presents another half and half meta-heuristic calculation to decide the best edge an incentive for picture archives binarization. The point of Binarization is to locate the correct picture pixels' limit to enhance the general execution of the framework. Record division is a strategy for ripping the archive into unmistakable areas. In this proposed framework at first we displaying Wavelet deterioration and to binarize the record picture, and furthermore utilizes the projection profile to section lines and associated part investigation to fragment the characters. The normal result will be the binarized and fragmented characters, these character can be bolster to OCR for acknowledgement

Water uptake dynamics under progressive drought stress in diverse accessions of the OryzaSNP panel of rice (Oryza sativa)

In addition to characterising root architecture, evaluating root water uptake ability is important for understanding drought response. A series of three lysimeter studies were conducted using the OryzaSNP panel, which consists of 20 diverse rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Large genotypic differences in drought response were observed in this genotype panel in terms of plant growth and water uptake. Total water uptake and daily water uptake rates in the drought-stress treatment were correlated with root length density, especially at depths below 30 cm. Patterns of water uptake among genotypes remained consistent throughout the stress treatments: genotypes that initially extracted more water were the same genotypes that extracted more water at the end of the study. These results suggest that response to drought by deep root growth, rather than a conservative soil water pattern, seems to be important for lowland rice. Genotypes in the O. sativa type aus group showed some of the greatest water uptake and root growth values. Since the OryzaSNP panel has been genotyped in detail with SNP markers, we expect that these results will be useful for understanding the genetics of rice root growth and function for water uptake in response to drought

Lymphatic Filariasis and Mass Drug Administration

BackgroundA third of world’s filariasis cases occur in India. As a result Mass Drug Administration (MDA) was commenced in 1997 with the aim of eliminating this disease by 2015. However the coverage of MDA was not satisfactory. The underlying reasons for the poor coverage need to be identified. This study was conducted to assess the awareness of health personnel of lymphatic filariasis and the MDA programme.Method  This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kundapura taluk of Karnataka state in India during the 6th round of the MDA which was held between December 11 to 13, 2009. 78 health personnel who were posted for drug distribution were selected by convenience sampling. After obtaining informed consent health personnel were interviewed individually using a semi-structured questionnaire. Performance of health personnel was assessed according to points scored for their responses.ResultsThe mean age of all participants were 22.7± 8.9 years, 74(94.1%) were females and 58(74.4%) were nursing students. Only 17 (21.8%) participants had prior experience before taking part in this round of MDA. Only 4 (5.1%) participants achieved good scores while 45 (57.7%) got average scores. Performance scores were significantly better among paramedical workers (

Theory of Cylindrical Tubules and Helical Ribbons of Chiral Lipid Membranes

We present a general theory for the equilibrium structure of cylindrical tubules and helical ribbons of chiral lipid membranes. This theory is based on a continuum elastic free energy that permits variations in the direction of molecular tilt and in the curvature of the membrane. The theory shows that the formation of tubules and helical ribbons is driven by the chirality of the membrane. Tubules have a first-order transition from a uniform state to a helically modulated state, with periodic stripes in the tilt direction and ripples in the curvature. Helical ribbons can be stable structures, or they can be unstable intermediate states in the formation of tubules.Comment: 43 pages, including 12 postscript figures, uses REVTeX 3.0 and epsf.st