Anharmonicity in isochoric heat capacity for Mg2SiO4

An expression has been formulated to find the values of volume dependence of isochoric heat capacity (CV). It is employed on Mg2SiO4. It has been found that isochoric heat capacity decreases strongly with increase in compression or pressure. Anharmonicity on CV for solid under present investigation has been seen above 1500 K under low compression. However, at low temperature, for both low and high compression, and at high temperature under high compression, quasi-harmonic effects are visible. Under high compression, beyond 1200 K the CV increases slowly monotonically with the temperature. It attains peak value at/around Debye temperature. With increasing compression, the curves become steeper. At high temperatures, CV under high compressions depart from that estimated by the Dulong-Petit theory

Shear sound velocity of hexagonal close packed iron at extreme pressure

The present paper proposes the expression to predict the values of shear sound velocity. The present expression has been developed by using the reciprocal form of Grüneisen parameter (). The formulation thus developed has been used to calculate shear sound velocity for hexagonal close packed (hcp) iron at high pressures. It is found that the shear sound velocity increases with the increase in compression or pressure in a non-linear manner. Volume dependence of shear sound velocity shows linearity with Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter. Shear sound velocity increases with the increase in Debye temperature whereas decreases with the increase in Grüneisen parameter. The calculations for the Grüneisen parameter, Debye temperature and shear sound velocity are also found to be in good agreement with the experimental data

STUDY OF NUCLEAR STRUCTURE OF 146SM USING INTERACTING BOSON MODEL-1

The interacting boson model hamiltonian isused to describe the energy spectrum, B(E2) value andB(E2) branching ratios for inter-band and intra-bandtransitions for three quasi-bands in 146Sm. It is found thatIBM-1 reproduces the observed complex nuclear structurevery well. The agreement between the theoretical resultsand the observed data are satisfactory for all possibleobserved nuclear properties. Present results are comparedwith the dynamic pairing-plus-quadrupole model, IBM-2and previous interacting boson approximationcalculations

Factor V Leiden mutation and acquired activated protein C resistance in Indian women with recurrent fetal loss

Objectives: To study the prevalence and association of factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation and acquired APC resistance (APCR) in women with recurrent fetal loss (RFL).Patients and Methods: Fifty women with two or more RFLs and 50 age‑matched controls with no history of fetal loss and at least one live birth were included in the study. Complete blood counts and screening tests for coagulation (PT, APTT), APCR, and FVL (PCR) were done in all women.Results: Age of the patients ranged from 20–42 years with a mean ± SD of 27.4 ± 4.8 years. Prolonged PT and APTT were observed in 2% and 8% cases, respectively. None of the controls had prolonged PT/APTT. APCR was observed in 8% cases and 2% controls. The prevalence of APCR was higher in women with first‑trimester fetal loss (24.2%) as compared to women with the second trimester (13.3%) fetal loss. FVL was not observed in any of the cases or controls.Conclusion: This study indicates that FVL mutation is not associated with RFL in the Indian population while APCR is observed in Indian women with RFL. Key words: Activated protein C resistance; factor V Leiden; recurrent fetal loss; thrombophilia

Effect of RF Power on Physical and Electrical Properties of Al-doped ZnO Thin Films

246-253We deposited Al-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films on PTFE flexible substrate by RF sputtering with respect to the power in the range 125-155 W. XRD-pattern showed the preferred c-axis (002) orientation regardless the rf-power, which confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The dislocation density (δ), and strain (ε) of AZO thin films were determined to be 1.861015-0.741015 m-2, and 85.6×10-3-54.0×10-3, respectively. The AZO film deposited at 135 W showed the smooth and uniform microstructure, which is the highest intensity of XRD-pattern due to smaller grain size. The refractive index (n) increased from 2.24 to 2.34, while the bandgap (Eg), and urbach tail (Eu) decreased from 3.66 to 3.31 eV and 0.33 to 0.22 eV as the RF power increased from 125 to 155 W. The sheet resistance and figure of merit (FOM) of AZO thin films were observed to be the lowest 53.36 /cm and 5.17 10-10 -1 for the sample 135 W

Frequency of \u3b2-thalassemia trait and other hemoglobinopathies in northern and western India

Introduction : India is an ethnically diverse country with an approximate population of 1.2 billion. The frequency of beta-thalassemia trait (\u3b2TT) has variously been reported from < 1% to 17% and an average of 3.3%. Most of these studies have been carried out on small population groups and some have been based on hospital-based patients. There is also a variation in the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in different regions and population groups in the country. A high frequency of Hb D has been reported from the North in the Punjabi population, Hb E in the eastern region of India and Hb S is mainly reported from populations of tribal origin from different parts of the country. Objectives: To study the gene frequency of \u3b2TT and other hemoglobinopathies in three regions East (Kolkata), West (Mumbai) and North (Delhi) in larghe population group (schoolchildren) for a more accurate assessment of gene frequency for planning of control programmes for haemoglobinopathies. Materials and Methods: This study included 5408 children from 11 schools in Delhi, 5682 from 75 schools in Mumbai and 957 schoolchildren from Kolkata who were screened for \u3b2TT and haemoglobinopathies. These included 5684 children from 75 schools in Mumbai and 5408 children from 11 schools in Delhi. Children were 11-18 years of age of both sexes. The final report is, however, only on 11090 schoolchildren from Mumbai and Delhi as data from Kolkata was restricted both in numbers and objectives and could not be included for comparison. Results: The overall gene frequency of \u3b2TT in Mumbai and Delhi was 4.05% being 2.68% and 5.47% in children of the two cities respectively. In Mumbai, the gene frequency was evenly distributed. Majority of the children with \u3b2TT from Mumbai were from Marathi (38.9%) and Gujarati (25%) speaking groups. Gene frequency was> 5% in Bhatias, Khatris, Lohanas and Schedule Castes. In Delhi, a higher incidence was observed in schoolchildren of North and West Delhi (5.8-9.2%). The schoolchildren of North and West Delhi comprised predominantly of Punjabi origin compared to children in the South of the city (2.2%, 2.3%). When analyzed state-wise, the highest incidence was observed in children of Punjabi origin (7.6%) and was> 4% from several other states. Majority of the traits from Mumbai were anemic (95.1% male and 85.6% in female). The prevalence of anemia was lower (62.7% male and 58.4% female) children with \u3b2TT from Delhi. This was a reflection of the higher prevalence of anemia in children without hemoglobinopathy in Mumbai than in Delhi. Nutritional deficiency was probably more severe and rampant in children Mumbai. Gene frequency of Hb D was greater in schoolchildren from Delhi (1.1%) than in Mumbai (0.7%). Hb S trait (0.2%) was observed exclusively in children from Mumbai. A low incidence of Hb E trait (0.04%) was seen in children in Mumbai. A higher incidence is reported from the East. The number of cases studied from the eastern region was small as the data from the East (Kolkata) could not be included in the analysis. Conclusion: This study comprises a larger number of children studied for the gene frequency of \u3b2TT and other hemoglobinopathies from India. Population groups with higher gene frequencies require screening programmes and facilities for antenatal diagnosis as well as increased awareness and educational programmes to control the birth of thalassemic homozygotes. The overall carrier frequency of \u3b2TT was 4.05% and reinforces the differential frequency of \u3b2-thalassemia trait in schoolchildren from Delhi and Mumbai and the higher incidence of hemoglobin D in Punjabis as reported previously. The birth incidence calculated thereof for homozygous thalassemics would be 11,316 per year which are added each year to the existing load of homozygous thalassemics. This is much higher than the previously reported number of births annually. Hence suitable control measures need to be undertaken urgently in India

Correlation between hematological parameters, blood urea level and mortality of COVID-19 patients.

Aim: Present study was aimed to analyze difference of hematological parameters and blood urea level between Recovered and Dead cases of COVID-19. Material & Methods: A hospital based study was undertaken wherein hematological parameters and blood urea level of 65 cases were analyzed. Results: Recovered patients, 16 (42.1%) showed higher levels of neutrophils with corresponding 22 (57.9%) patients showing normal level of lymphocytes, 25 (65.7%) with normal hemoglobin and 35 (92%) with normal blood urea. On other hand, among 27 Died cases, 26 (96.2%) showed higher counts of neutrophils, 1 patient showed normal lymphocytes (3.8%) and 26 (96.2%) with low count of lymphocytes. Conclusion: In majority of cases, recovered patients showed normal range of lymphocytes (20-45%), hemoglobin and blood urea levels, whereas mortality was observed associated with deficiency of lymphocytes (except one patient all belo

Anharmonicity in thermal pressure for aluminium

An expression for the volume dependence of thermal pressure is formulated using basic thermodynamic identities. It is applied to aluminium metal for which sufficiently reliable data are available for comparison. The calculations are performed using the two models viz. the Thomas-Fermi model and the Stacey-Davis model. It is found that the values of thermal pressure for m=6 in both models are almost the same. Thermal pressure increases with the increase in pressure. The anhormonic effects are found to be dominant below about (P=60 GPa). While above this, harmonic effects become dominant. The anharmonic effects are very important at low pressures and become less significant as the pressure is increased. Values of thermal pressure have been calculated by taking into account the effect of the change in volume on melting. The results obtained for aluminium indicate that the present model is capable of predicting the volume dependence of thermal pressure, which is found to be in good agreement with the available data for a wide range of pressures and temperature