EFFECT OF OPUNTIA ELATIOR ON CHOLESTEROL LEVEL ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY GAMMA RADIATION IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

Objectives: Radiotherapy is deleterious to patient health by making the patient more susceptible to other diseases and often causes death by weakening the immune system and also affects cholesterol level. Based on these studies, it was moved toward the selection of Opuntia elatior as a herbal remedy for serum cholesterol level induced by gamma radiation. Methods: The modulatory effect of O. elatior stem extract was studied in Swiss albino mice at dose, i.e., 6 Gy of gamma radiation in the presence (experimental) or absence (control) of O. elatior extract (OEE) (10 mg/kg body weight) to observe in blood cholesterol level alterations. The animals were scarified and their blood was collected at days 1, 15, and 30 post-irradiation from heart puncture. Cholesterol level was estimated by the modified method of Roeschlau et al., 1974, using kit. Results: The cholesterol level was found almost constant in the control group (without any treatment) and increased in gamma radiation-treated group and decreased in only plant extract-treated group, whereas radiation-induced increased level of cholesterol was reduced by plant extract treatment in experimental animals (in plant extract with radiation-treated group), a normal level was achieved by day 30 post-treatment. Hence, O. elatior is beneficial to control radiation-induced blood cholesterol level. Conclusion: Radiation-induced side effects get lowered by herbal treatment and herbal products do not have their own side effects on body on their physical and chemical processes; thus, OEE is useful to manage blood cholesterol level as an edible part, it is easy to use as treatment and in my results OEE also support to maintain cholesterol level in serum of mice

(R1954) Fractional Order on Modeling the Transmission of Devastative COVID-19 Infection: Efficacy of Vaccination

The second wave of COVID-19 is an unprecedented condition in India and began in mid February 2021. Individuals who were already suffering from other comorbidities were found with lung infection, and hence, the number of disease induced deaths were rising faster during the second wave in relation to the first wave. This paper has proposed a mathematical model with fractional order derivatives by correlating the model based number of infectives with the real number of infectives in India. For the system of fractional differential equations, a disease-free state has been computed and proved to be locally asymptotically stable with certain restrictions. The mathematical model has been numerically simulated using the predictor-corrector method to highlight the role played by fractional order in controlling the disease spread. Numerical simulations signify the fact that a vital role has been played by fractional order model over integer order model in determining the transmission of COVID-19. It can be visualized that the increment rate in the infectives is lower by taking into consideration the memory effect due to a previous exposure to COVID-19

<span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-IN">Evaluation of radioprotective effects of <i>Opuntia elatior </i>extract on catalase and <span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-IN">superoxide dismutase activity in mouse liver </span></span>

31-35Ionizing radiations affect the living systems by damaging the vital macromolecules and structures of the target cell. A number of chemical and synthetic compounds have radioprotective potential but their high toxicity limits clinical application. Therefore, development of less toxic and potential drug of plant origin for the modification of radiation effects is required. Adult male Swiss albino mice were selected and divided into four groups. Group I was sham irradiated. Group II was fed with OE only (10 mg/kg body weight). Group III was irradiated with 8Gy Co60 gamma irradiation and Group IV was given OE one hour before irradiation. Mice were sacrificed at various post irradiation intervals to analyse the Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver. Results were subjected to students 't' test. The activity of both SOD and Catalase were found to be decreased till 7th day post irradiation in control group while a significant increase was observed in the OE pretreated irradiated group as compared to the control groups at all the intervals. Opuntia elatior extract pretreatment provides protection against radiation induced changes in the Catalase and SOD activity in the mouse liver. </span

Evaluation of radioprotective effect of unripe stone fruit pulp extract on liver

125-128To find out natural plant based radioprotectors, a well known medicinal plant, which is acceptable to the body, Aegle marmelos extract (AME), was tested in animals against gamma radiations. Radioprotective effect of unripe stone fruit pulp extract on some liver enzymes of Swiss albino mouse were investigated. For experimental study healthy Swiss albino mice were selected from an inbred colony and divided into two groups and exposed to 8Gy gamma radiation (control) or 8Gy gamma radiation with 100mg/kg body weight of Aegle marmelos extract (experimental), sham irradiated (normal) and plant extract only. Mice were sacrificed at various post irradiation intervals and liver was removed for quantitative estimation of Glutathione (GSH) and Lipid peroxidation (LPO). It was observed that GSH content decreased significantly on 5th day after exposure to 8Gy of gamma radiation in control group .Then it started to decrease on 7th day of the treatment. In the experimental group GSH content was higher as compared to their corresponding control . The animals which were treated with only AME showed greater protection. Irradiation resulted an elevation in lipid peroxidation level in liver. On the other hand, treatment of animals with Aegle marmelos before irradiation caused a significant decrease in LPO. These results indicate that Aegle marmelos protects from damage to the liver of Swiss albino mouse against of gamma radiations lethal dose

Effect of <i>Tinospora cordifolia </i>on the Liver Treated with Gamma-Radiation

308-312Tinospora cordifolia is a medicinal plant. It has been used in the above work as a radiation tolerant. Liver cells of rat are affected when its whole body is put before Gamma- radiation. As a result of this, the number of abnormal cells and the cells with double nucleus increases. At the same time the amount of overall protein and cholesterol get decreased. However, the rats fed with extract of T. cordifolia were observed less affected by radiation. The present paper comprises further details in this regard

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of some 2,4-dibromo-1,5-dimorpholino/dipiperidino-pentane-3-ones

183-191Condensation of acetone (2) with appropriate arylaldehydes (1) in the presence of ethanolic NaOH solution afforded 1,5-diarylpenta-1,4-diene-3-ones (3) which were subjected to bromination under controlled conditions to give 1,2,4,5-tetrabromo-1,5-diarylpentan-3-ones (4). Treatment of (4) with NH-heterocyclic base such as morpholine / piperidine in dry THF afforded the title compound in moderate yield. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral (IR, 1H NMR, MS) and analytical data. Some of the newly synthesized compounds showed moderate to high antimicrobial activity