Content analysis of food advertising in Iranian children\u27s television programs

Background: Advertisements can influence children\u27s health related behaviors. Television advertisements are the main avenues directing commercials at children in Iran. This study aimed to explore the content of food advertisement during children\u27s television programs in 2007-8 and to compare it with those reported in 2000. Methods: All advertisements broadcasted before, during, and after children\u27s programs aired on two major Iran national television networks were videotaped for a period of 4 weeks during 2007- 8. For each advertisement, type of product(s) and mode of presentation (s) were coded. Results: A total of 229 television advertisements were broadcasted. Food commercials were the most frequent group (31%) across the two channels. Among the food products advertised, calorie dense foods, including chocolate, soft drinks, extruded cereals, ice cream, cookies and candies were the most frequent. The appeal mainly used in television food advertisements was stimulation of hunger/thirst (38.5%). The advertisements were mostly presented as animations (54%) and the messages used were mainly directed to good taste. Conclusion: Although the total number of food advertisements during children\u27s television programs has decreased but the consumption of high fat, high sugar, low nutrient dense foods continues to be promoted. Policies to address the issue should be scrutinized

Effects of kinesiotaping on knee osteoarthritis: A literature review

The purpose of this review was to determine the current evidence-base for the efficacy of kinesiotaping in patients with osteoarthritis. Search-ing was undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) from 2007 to 2018. The target terms included within our search criteria were "kinesiotape," "osteoar-thrites," "knee pain," "adults," and "geriatric." Current findings indicate that kinesiotaping can be considered a useful method for decreasing pain without any side effects in patients with osteoarthritis. The search yielded 1,062 articles and finally seven studies met inclusion criteria. However, there are a limited number of appropriately powered, robustly designed studies. Further research is required to fully understand the short- and longer-term impact of kinesotaping in patients with osteoar-thritis

A comprehensive screening protocol to identify incidence of lower back pain in military office workers

Military workers experience different types of lower back pain (LBP), but there is little evidence concerning the incidence of LBP in this group, especially in Asian countries. One of the most common forms of LBP is discogenic low back pain (DLBP) which is a consequence of internal disc disruption accounting for approximately 40% of LBP cases. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the incidence of non-specific low back pain (LBP), discogenic LBP, and other forms of LBP in military office workers in Iran. 564 military office workers (303 men and 261 women, age: 20-50 years), who had worked in this setting for at least two years, were randomly selected from one military office. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) was used as the primary screening tool. Participants who reported severe and mild LBP (graded low, mild, and severe) received a detailed physical examination including radiological magnetic resonance imaging. Based on the results of the physical examination, in conjunction with individual history, and medical opinion, mild-to-severe LBP was evident in 39% (n = 220) of the participants. Of these, non-specific LBP accounted for 60%, discogenic LBP accounted for 31%, and other forms of LBP accounted for the remaining 9% of the sample. We found that LBP is highly incident in military office workers, with non-specific LBP being the most incident form. Considering these high incidence rates, a strategy for preventive health screening and exercise intervention should be considered in this population to help reduce absenteeism and increase workforce productivity

Luteinizing hormone changes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in in vitro fertilization cycles: A cross-sectional study

Background: Because of the unexpected and often dramatic inhibition of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion related with the usage of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-antagonist, there has been a probable need for exogenous LH supplementation. There is a basic and clinical evidences that show late development of follicle needs an LH but there is a threshold for LH requirements during folliculogenesis.Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in serum LH and the identification of patients who benefit from the addition of LH.Materials and Methods: Seventy volunteers for antagonist protocol in IVF cycle were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in Reproductive Health Research Center, University of Medical Sciences between July 2016 and February 2016. Serum LH level was estimated 24 h before and after the first(GnRH) antagonist injection. The primary outcome was the serum level of LH and its change in the three groups and the secondary outcome was Egg and Embryo quality.Results: LH changes above or below 50% had no effect on the number of follicle, the number of oocyte, Germinal vesicle oocyte, metaphase 1 oocyte, metaphase 2 oocyte, endometrial thickness, and chemical and clinical pregnancy.Conclusion: We evaluated the changes of serum LH in the patients who were entered in the antagonist protocol. Our study showed no significant difference in LH levels 24h before and after the injection of the antagonist between the three groups, and LH changes did not affect the outcome of pregnancy

The Effectiveness of Gestalt Therapy on Depression, Self-Differentiation, Integrative Self-Knowledge and Positive Psychological Characteristics in the Elderly

Elderly seems to be one of the most important stages of individuals’ life. Considering the growing number of elderly population, it appears necessary to have didactic and therapeutic interventions that affect their psychological well-being significantly and increase their life expectancy. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of gestalt therapy on depression, self-differentiation, integrative self-knowledge and positive psychological characteristics of the elderly in Isfahan. Iran. It was a semiexperimental study with pretest-posttest and a follow-up along with control group design. The statistical papulation included all the elderly above 60- year old living in Isfahan. Two centers were selected among education retirees organization using convenience sampling and then, 40 elderly people were recruited purposefully according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control with equal numbers in each group (20 members). The experimental group underwent gestalt therapy for 11 90-minute sessions, while the control group received no intervention during this period. Used to collect data were scales of elderly depression (Yesavage et al.), self-differentiation (Skowron & friedlander), integrative self-knowledge (Gorbani et al.) and positive psychological characteristics (Rashid). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-23. The results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that gestalt therapy results in improvement of depression, self-differentiation, integrative self-knowledge and positive psychological characteristics in the elderly (P<0.05). According to the findings of this research, gestalt therapy can be applied as an efficient pattern in counselling and psychotherapy centers to decrease depression and to improve self-differentiation, integrative selfknowledge and positive psychological characteristics for the elderl

One Side Ovarian Rejuvenation: A Quasi-Experimental Study of the Effect of the Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma in Poor Ovarian Responders in IVF

BACKGROUND: The poor ovarian response is the most important limiting factor in the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of intraovarian injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (aPRP) on the oocyte number and IVF outcomes in poor ovarian responders (POR). METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was performed from August 2021 to December 2021, in Vali-e-Asr Infertility Clinic affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. There were 12 POR patients selected based on the criteria of Bologna group 4 who underwent two IVF cycles with similar antagonist regimens in a 70-day-interval. Immediately after the Oocytes Pick-Up (OPU), there was a 4cc of autologous PRP multifocal intramedullary injection done into their right ovaries in the first IVF cycle (case group). On the other hand, their left ovaries were considered as the control group. The patients underwent the second IVF cycle after 70 days. RESULTS: Those who had undergone aPRP experienced a significant increase of the mean of antral follicular count (AFC) (from 1.91±0.79 to 2.50±0.90, p=0.043). There was a significant increase in the number of embryos from the right ovary (intervention group) compared to the left ovary (control group) after PRP, but there was no significant difference in the number of embryos in the right ovary before and after the intervention (from 0.25 ±0.45 to 1.08±0.79, p=0.705). There was no significant change in the number of oocytes, AMH, and FSH in the case and control groups before and after the intervention (p&gt;0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, it seems that in females with POR, intraovarian aPRP had no effect on the outcomes (embryos number, number of oocytes, FSH and AMH level), except for an increase in AFC

Medical Students’ Satisfaction with a Web-based Training Module of Clinical Reasoning

Background: There is a paucity of literature regarding the medical students’ perspectives on web-based training of clinical reasoning. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the implementation of a web-based training course of clinical reasoning for medical students and to evaluate their satisfaction with the program. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Fifty internal medicine interns were consecutively enrolled. The study consisted of two phases. The first phase focused on the development of a web-based training module of clinical reasoning. The second focused on evaluating the trainee’s satisfaction with the virtual course. The educational content of the program was prepared by an expert panel and incorporated in a web-based educational tool designed for virtual training purposes. The students’ satisfaction with the virtual course was assessed using a questionnaire. Each item of the questionnaire was scored from 0 (0) to 1.5 (100). The content validity of the questionnaire determined by an expert panel, and its reliability was measured. Results: The mean score of each item of the questionnaire ranged from 77.3 to 85.3 which showed that the participants agreed with the items of the questionnaire. Also, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was excellent in nine items of the questionnaire, good in four items, and acceptable in three items. The intraclass correlation coefficient was also estimated as 0.98. Conclusions: The participants were satisfied with the web-based training tool for clinical reasoning, used in the present study. The developed questionnaire also showed good validity and reliability for the assessment of trainees’ satisfaction with the web-based training module of clinical reasoning. Keywords: Logic, Distance Education, Assessment, Medical Studen

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Treatment on Depression and Optimism among Women with Breast Cancer during Chemotherapy

Background: A breast cancer diagnosis can be a disturbing and stressful time for women. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment depression and optimism during chemotherapy among women with breast cancer. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental one with a group of pre-test, post-test, and controls. In this study, 26 women with breast cancer detection were identified from the referring patients to the Imam Hossein Hospital's oncology and radiotherapy division in Tehran, 2019-2020.&nbsp; Using the method of convenience sampling, the experimental (n=13) and control groups (n=13) were randomly allocated. The study group regularly engaged in mindfulness sessions for 8 weeks (each session lasting 90-120 minutes). In the BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II and happiness questionnaires, customers/clients in both the experimental and control groups completed.&nbsp; Data were analyzed by using a univariate covariance test in SPSS 23 software. Results: According to the findings, there was a significant difference in depression and optimism among breast cancer patients, (Pvalue&lt;0.05). Also, the mean overall depression score for women with breast cancer in the therapy session was considerably lower than the pre-test score, although optimism was significantly higher than the pre-test score (Pvalue&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the use of MBSR to minimize symptom burden in women with breast cancer. As a result, the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing depression symptoms and improving confidence has been approved. Keywords:&nbsp; Mindfulness, Depression, Optimism, Women with breast cancer, Chemotherap

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Treatment on Depression and Optimism among Women with Breast Cancer during Chemotherapy

Background: A breast cancer diagnosis can be a disturbing and stressful time for women. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment depression and optimism during chemotherapy among women with breast cancer. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental one with a group of pre-test, post-test, and controls. In this study, 26 women with breast cancer detection were identified from the referring patients to the Imam Hossein Hospital's oncology and radiotherapy division in Tehran, 2019-2020.&nbsp; Using the method of convenience sampling, the experimental (n=13) and control groups (n=13) were randomly allocated. The study group regularly engaged in mindfulness sessions for 8 weeks (each session lasting 90-120 minutes). In the BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II and happiness questionnaires, customers/clients in both the experimental and control groups completed.&nbsp; Data were analyzed by using a univariate covariance test in SPSS 23 software. Results: According to the findings, there was a significant difference in depression and optimism among breast cancer patients, (Pvalue&lt;0.05). Also, the mean overall depression score for women with breast cancer in the therapy session was considerably lower than the pre-test score, although optimism was significantly higher than the pre-test score (Pvalue&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the use of MBSR to minimize symptom burden in women with breast cancer. As a result, the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing depression symptoms and improving confidence has been approved. Keywords:&nbsp; Mindfulness, Depression, Optimism, Women with breast cancer, Chemotherap