Simultaneous removal of NO and Hg⁰ using Fe and Co co-doped Mn-Ce/TiO₂ catalysts

Fe and Co co-doped Mn-Ce/TiO2 (MCT) catalysts were investigated for the simultaneous removal of nitric oxide (NO) and elemental mercury (Hg0) at reaction temperature lower than 200 °C. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), temperature program reduction (TPR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The experimental results showed that the co-doped 2Fe4Co-MCT catalyst exhibited better performance for the simultaneous removal of NO and Hg0 compared to Fe or Co doped catalysts. This could be due to higher BET surface area and better redox property of 2Fe4Co-MCT catalyst. In addition, we propose that chemisorbed O2 played a dominant role in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO while lattice O2 played a key role in Hg0 oxidation. The results also indicate that the introduction of Fe species enhanced the activity of SCR, whereas the introduction of Co species enhanced the oxidation of Hg0. The synergistic effect of Fe and Co species in the 2Fe4Co-MCT catalyst are also suggested to be an important mechanism for simultaneously removing NO and Hg0

Evidence Report: Risk of Acute Radiation Syndromes Due to Solar Particle Events

Crew health and performance may be impacted by a major solar particle event (SPE), multiple SPEs, or the cumulative effect of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and SPEs. Beyond low-Earth orbit, the protection of the Earth's magnetosphere is no longer available, such that increased shielding and protective mechanisms are necessary in order to prevent acute radiation sickness and impacts to mission success or crew survival. While operational monitoring and shielding are expected to minimize radiation exposures, there are EVA scenarios outside of low-Earth orbit where the risk of prodromal effects, including nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue, as well as skin injury and depletion of the blood-forming organs (BFO), may occur. There is a reasonable concern that a compromised immune system due to high skin doses from a SPE or due to synergistic space flight factors (e.g., microgravity) may lead to increased risk to the BFO. The primary data available at present are derived from analyses of medical patients and persons accidentally exposed to acute, high doses of low-linear energy transfer (LET) (or terrestrial) radiation. Data more specific to the space flight environment must be compiled to quantify the magnitude of increase of this risk and to develop appropriate protection strategies. In particular, information addressing the distinct differences between solar proton exposures and terrestrial exposure scenarios, including radiation quality, dose-rate effects, and non-uniform dose distributions, is required for accurate risk estimation

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of isochroman-4-one hybrids bearing piperazine moiety as antihypertensive agent candidates

7,8 Dihydroxy 3 methyl isochromanone 4 XJP is a polyphenolic natural product with moderate antihypertensive activity. T o obtain new agents with stronger potency and safer profile , we employed XJP and naftopidil as the lead compound s t o design and synth esize a novel class of hybrids as antihypertensive candidates, In the present study, a series of hybrids ( 6a r ) of XJP bearing arylpiperazine moiety, which is identified as the pharmacophore of naftopidil, were designed and synthesized as novel α 1 adrenergic receptor antagonists. The biological evaluation showed that target compounds 6c , 6e , 6f , 6g , 6h , 6m and 6q possessed potent in vitro vasodilation potency and α 1 adrenergic receptor antagonistic activity . Furthermore, the most potent compound 6e significantly reduced the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs),which was comparable to that of naftopidil, and it had no observable effects on the basal heart rate, suggesting that 6e deserves to be further investigated as a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of hypertension

Triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of heart failure: Evidence from two large cohorts and a mendelian randomization analysis.

The relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, an emerging marker of insulin resistance, and the risk of incident heart failure (HF) was unclear. This study thus aimed to investigate this relationship. Subjects without prevalent cardiovascular diseases from the prospective Kailuan cohort (recruited during 2006-2007) and a retrospective cohort of family medicine patients from Hong Kong (recruited during 2000-2003) were followed up until December 31st, 2019 for the outcome of incident HF. Separate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) summarizing the relationship between TyG index and HF risk in the two cohorts were combined using a random-effect meta-analysis. Additionally, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) of published genome-wide association study data was performed to assess the causality of observed associations. In total, 95,996 and 19,345 subjects from the Kailuan and Hong Kong cohorts were analyzed, respectively, with 2,726 cases of incident HF in the former and 1,709 in the latter. Subjects in the highest quartile of TyG index had the highest risk of incident HF in both cohorts (Kailuan: aHR 1.23 (95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.39), P<sub>Trend</sub> <0.001; Hong Kong: aHR 1.21 (1.04-1.40), P<sub>Trend</sub> =0.007; both compared with the lowest quartile). Meta-analysis showed similar results (highest versus lowest quartile: HR 1.22 (1.11-1.34), P < 0.001). Findings from MR analysis, which included 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls, supported a causal relationship between higher TyG index and increased risk of HF (odds ratio 1.27 (1.15-1.40), P < 0.001). A higher TyG index is an independent and causal risk factor for incident HF in the general population. URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-TNRC-11,001,489. [Abstract copyright: © 2022. The Author(s).

Study on Chinese Tourism Web Sites' Distribution and Online Marketing Effects.

As a platform and carrier of tourism information, tourism websites (TWs) and online tourism marketing have deeply affected the tourism industry. The authors adopt a geographical perspective to analyze the distribution of Chinese tourism websites (CTWs), and statistical analysis with SPSS16.0 was conducted to explore the online marketing effects of CTWs, and some meaningful results has been produced: 1) The number of CTWs generally decreases from eastern China to central and western China, and are especially dominant in tourism developed provinces. 2) The number of tourists has strong statistical correlation with the number of CTWs. 3) The strongest correlation for inbound tourists is with hotel websites, and the highest correlation coefficient is 0.807 between the number of domestic tourist and resort websites. Both inbound and domestic tourists have a low correlation coefficient with travel agency websites (TA). 4) There exist some statistical models between tourist numbers and different kinds of CTWs. The results clearly unveil the marketing effects and correlation of CTWs and is helpful for further online marketing strategies

Emission mechanism and wide-angle adaptability of selective emitter based on combination of one and two-dimensional photonic crystals

In this paper, a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) emitter that combines a one-dimensional photonic crystal with two-dimensional periodic nanoarray cavities was proposed. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method was adopted to analyze the spectral emittance and its sensitivity to the emission angle for the proposed emitter. The results show that the main emission mechanisms of the emitter are Cavity Resonances (CRs), Fabry-Perot (FP) resonances, and Magnetic polaritons (MPs). In the convertible band of a TPV cell, CRs and FP resonances are coupled together to broaden the emitting bandwidth of the emitter. The cut-off wavelength of structural spectral emittance increases with depth and radius but decreases with a period. In addition, the spectral emittance is non-sensitive to the emission angle of less than 50°, highlighting the wide-angle stability of the composite structure. The proposed emitter has wide-angle adaptability and achieves a fine-tunning of bandgap wavelength while maintaining a good spectral selectivity. This work provides new insight into the design of the TPV emitter

Triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of heart failure: Evidence from two large cohorts and a mendelian randomization analysis

The relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, an emerging marker of insulin resistance, and the risk of incident heart failure (HF) was unclear. This study thus aimed to investigate this relationship. Subjects without prevalent cardiovascular diseases from the prospective Kailuan cohort (recruited during 2006-2007) and a retrospective cohort of family medicine patients from Hong Kong (recruited during 2000-2003) were followed up until December 31st, 2019 for the outcome of incident HF. Separate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) summarizing the relationship between TyG index and HF risk in the two cohorts were combined using a random-effect meta-analysis. Additionally, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) of published genome-wide association study data was performed to assess the causality of observed associations. In total, 95,996 and 19,345 subjects from the Kailuan and Hong Kong cohorts were analyzed, respectively, with 2,726 cases of incident HF in the former and 1,709 in the latter. Subjects in the highest quartile of TyG index had the highest risk of incident HF in both cohorts (Kailuan: aHR 1.23 (95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.39), P<sub>Trend</sub> <0.001; Hong Kong: aHR 1.21 (1.04-1.40), P<sub>Trend</sub> =0.007; both compared with the lowest quartile). Meta-analysis showed similar results (highest versus lowest quartile: HR 1.22 (1.11-1.34), P < 0.001). Findings from MR analysis, which included 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls, supported a causal relationship between higher TyG index and increased risk of HF (odds ratio 1.27 (1.15-1.40), P < 0.001). A higher TyG index is an independent and causal risk factor for incident HF in the general population

Contemporary survival and anticoagulation of patients with atrial fibrillation: A community based cohort study in China

BackgroundsThe understanding of death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in China is limited. This study aimed to assess the contemporary survival of AF patients in China and to explore risk factors for deaths.MethodsThis was a prospective community-based cohort study including 559 AF patients, who were followed-up from July 2015 to December 2020.ResultsDuring 66-month follow-up, there were 200 deaths (56.5% cardiovascular, 40.0% non-cardiovascular, and 3.5% unknown causes) among 559 AF patients with the median age of 76 years. The top three causes of death were heart failure (33.0%), ischemic stroke (17.0%) and cancer (16.5%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated baseline variables positively associated with all-cause death were age (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.13), AF subtype (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.73), prior myocardial infarction (HR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.48–7.78), previous tumor (HR: 2.61, 95% CI: 1.37–4.98), hypoglycemic therapy at baseline (HR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.13–2.91), but body weight (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–1.00) and use of calcium channel blocker (CCB) (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.95) played a protective role to all-cause death. Of patients who were alive at the end of follow-up, 24.0% were on oral anticoagulants (OAC) alone, 4.5% on dual antithrombotic therapy, 33.1% on antiplatelet agents alone and 38.4% weren't on any antithrombotic medication.ConclusionIschemic stroke still remains one of the leading causes of death and OAC is seriously underused in AF patients in China. Independent risk factors for death are age, AF subtype, previous tumor, prior myocardial infarction, hypoglycemic therapy, low body weight and no CCB use.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/ (ChiCTR-ICR-15007036)

Inflation Inequality in Europe

We analyze cross-household inflation dispersion in Europe using fictitious monthly inflation rates for several household categories (grouped according to income levels, household size, socio-economic status, age) for the period from 1997 to 2008. Our analysis is carried out on a panel of 23 up to 27 household-specific inflation rates per country for 15 countries. In the first part of the paper, we employ time series and related non-stationary panel approaches to shed light on cross-country differences in inflation inequality with respect to the number of driving forces in the panel. In particular, we focus on the degree of persistence of the household-specific inflation rates and their the adjustment behaviour towards the inflation rate of a representative household. In the second part of the paper, we pool over the full sample of all countries and test if and by how much certain household categories across Europe are more prone to significant inflation differentials and significant differences in the volatility of inflation. Furthermore we search for the presence of clusters with respect to inflation susceptibility. On the national level, we find evidence for the existence of one main driving factor driving the non-stationarity of the panel and evidence for a single co-integration vector. Persistence of deviations, however, is high, and the adjustment speed towards the representative household is low. Even if there is no concern about a long-run stable distribution, at least in the short- to medium run deviations tend to last. On the European level, we find small but significant differences (mainly along income levels), we can separate 5 clusters and two main driving forces for the differences in the overall panel. All in all, even if differences are relatively small, they are not negligible and persistent enough to represent a serious matter of debate for economic and social policy