Variability in the Volume Transport of the Deep Overflow across the 10°S Saddle on the Ninetyeast Ridge

This is the dataset accompanied with the article entitled "Variability in the Volume Transport of the Deep Overflow across the 10°S Saddle on the Ninetyeast Ridge", which is going to be submitted to Geophysical Research Letter. It is only for peer review use, and can only be accessed under the permission of the corresponding author. Once the paper accepted, the data can be open to the community

Functional Analysis of BcSNX3 in Regulating Resistance to Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) by Autophagy in Pak-choi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis)

Sorting nexin protein is a class of highly conserved eukaryotic proteins containing the PX domain. Recent studies related to SNX in plants have focused on the regulation of abiotic stress processes, and there are few studies on the involvement of SNX in biological stress processes in plants. In this paper, a YTH assay and BiFC experiments were conducted twice to show that BcSNX3 (Brassica campestris Sorting nexin 3) interacted with CP and VPg of TuMV, and the interaction between BcATG8h (Brassica campestris autophagy-related gene 8h) and BcSNX3 was also found by YTH and BiFC. The colocalization of BcSNX3 and BcATG8b (Brassica campestris autophagy-related gene 8b) revealed BcSNX3 and autophagosome at the same place in the cell. QRT-PCR analysis showed that TuMV infection promotes the expression of BcSNX3, and the overexpression of this gene hinders the expression of autophagy-related genes and facilitates TuMV infection. VIGS was used to repress the expression level of the BcSNX3 gene in pak-choi to further study the function of BcSNX3 in the infection process of TuMV. After inoculation with TuMV, it was found that the accumulation of viral RNA in BcSNX3-gene-silenced plants was significantly less than in control plants. The accumulation of TuMV virus in the Arabidopsis snx3 knockout mutant was also less than in the wild type after TuMV inoculation. These results suggest that TuMV infection facilitates the expression of BcSNX3, and this gene may promote virus infection by inhibiting autophagy degradation of the virus and interacting with the CP and VPg of the virus. These results lay the foundation for the TuMV resistance breeding of pak-choi

Laboratory markers to identify acute histological chorioamnionitis in febrile parturients undergoing epidural analgesia: a retrospective study

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the effect of the pathological staging of acute histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) on laboratory indicators and to conduct further studies to reassess the threshold values used by clinicians to identify acute HCA in febrile parturients undergoing epidural analgesia. Methods A retrospective study of febrile mothers receiving epidural analgesia at Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. The participants were grouped by the progression of acute HCA, and the laboratory parameters were compared between groups. The ability of C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and monocyte-leukocyte ratio (M%), alone or in combination, to identify acute HCA in febrile parturients undergoing epidural analgesia was assessed using logistic regression and ROC curves. Results The area under the curve (AUC) of the best logistic regression model predicting HCA climbed to 0.706 (CRP + MLR). Maternal CRP, NLR, and MLR significantly and progressively increased with the progression of acute HCA (p < 0.0001). Based on the ROC curves, the following thresholds were selected to define increased laboratory indicators for identifying acute HCA: CRP ≥ 6.90 mg/L, NLR ≥ 11.93, and MLR ≥ 0.57. In addition, the AUC of the best logistic regression model predicting HCA ≥ stage 2 was 0.710, so these inflammatory markers were more precise in predicting HCA ≥ stage 2. Conclusion Increased CRP (≥ 6.90 mg/L), NLR (≥ 11.93), and MLR (≥ 0.57) may help clinicians to identify early potential acute HCA in febrile parturients receiving epidural analgesia and to monitor progression to optimize clinical treatment options. Trial registration The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on November 24, 2021 ( http://www.chictr.org.cn , ChiCTR2100053554)

Genome-wide analysis of auxin transport genes identifies the hormone responsive patterns associated with leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage

Auxin resistant 1/like aux1 (AUX/LAX), pin-formed (PIN) and ATP binding cassette subfamily B (ABCB/MDR/PGP) are three families of auxin transport genes. The development-related functions of the influx and efflux carriers have been well studied and characterized in model plants. However, there is scant information regarding the functions of auxin genes in Chinese cabbage and the responses of exogenous polar auxin transport inhibitors (PATIs). We conducted a whole-genome annotation and a bioinformatics analysis of BrAUX/LAX, BrPIN, and BrPGP genes in Chinese cabbage. By analyzing the expression patterns at several developmental stages in the formation of heading leaves, we found that most auxin-associate genes were expressed throughout the entire process of leafy head formation, suggesting that these genes played important roles in the development of heads. UPLC was used to detect the distinct and uneven distribution of auxin in various segments of the leafy head and in response to PATI treatment, indicated that the formation of the leafy head depends on polar auxin transport and the uneven distribution of auxin in leaves. This study provides new insight into auxin polar transporters and the possible roles of the BrLAX, BrPIN and BrPGP genes in leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage

Host Factors Genes <i>BcCLC1</i> and <i>BcCLC2</i> Confer Turnip Mosaic Virus Resistance in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica campestris</i> ssp. <i>chinensis</i>)

Clathrin is an evolutionarily highly conserved evolutionary protein consisting of clathrin light chains (CLC) and clathrin heavy chains (CHC), and these form its basic structure. Clathrin is an important host factor in the process of viral infection. In this study, we cloned the BcCLC1 gene and the BcCLC2 gene from the ‘49CX’ variety of non-heading Chinese cabbage (NHCC, Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) and verified their functions. The results showed that BcCLC1 was mainly localized in the cytomembrane and cytoplasm, and only a small amount entered the nucleus. BcCLC2 encoded a protein comprising 265 amino acids that were distributed in the cytomembrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. A BiFC assay and yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis showed that BcCLCs (BcCLC1 and BcCLC2) could interact with several TuMV proteins. We further investigated the mechanism of BcCLCs in regulating TuMV virus infections in NHCC, and observed that BcCLCs gene silencing inhibited TuMV infections and overexpression of BcCLCs in Arabidopsis promoted TuMV infections in NHCC. Finally, mutants of Arabidopsis homologs of BcCLCs were also screened and subjected to TuMV inoculation tests. In conclusion, we speculate that BcCLCs confer Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) resistance in NHCC by interacting with TuMV proteins to promote the intracellular transport of the virus

Study on the effect of static magnetic field strength and arrangement on the working performance of PEMFC with different flow fields

This study explores the impact of magnetic fields on the operation and performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with various flow fields. Different positions and intensities of magnetic fields were applied to investigate their effects. The performance of PEMFCs with different flow fields was then tested under different magnetic field strengths and arrangements. The experimental results demonstrate that, under the same conditions, the power density of the PEMFCs increases when subjected to magnetic fields of varying strengths (180mT, 220mT, and 260mT) compared to no magnetic field. Furthermore, the maximum power density of the cells increases with higher applied magnetic field strengths. The experiments also compared the performance of the fuel cell's cathode, anode, and bipolar operations with magnetic field arrangements in different flow fields. The results reveal that the performance enhancement of the fuel cell with magnetic field arrangement in the cathode is greater than that with magnetic field arrangement in the anode and bipolar. Specifically, when a magnetic field of 260mT is loaded onto the cathode for fuel cells with parallel, wave, and M−type flow fields, the maximum power density (MPD) increases by 55%, 23.9%, and 23.22%, respectively. In conclusion, the utilization of magnetic fields can enhance the performance of PEMFCs under operating conditions

Efficient Spiking Neural Networks with Biologically Similar Lithium-Ion Memristor Neurons

Benefiting from the brain-inspired event-driven feature and asynchronous sparse coding approach, spiking neural networks (SNNs) are becoming a potentially energy-efficient replacement for conventional artificial neural networks. However, neuromorphic devices used to construct SNNs persistently result in considerable energy consumption owing to the absence of sufficient biological parallels. Drawing inspiration from the transport nature of Na+ and K+ in synapses, here, a Li-based memristor (LixAlOy) was proposed to emulate the biological synapse, leveraging the similarity of Li as a homologous main group element to Na and K. The Li-based memristor exhibits ∼8 ns ultrafast operating speed, 1.91 and 0.72 linearity conductance modulation, and reproducible switching behavior, enabled by lithium vacancies forming a conductive filament mechanism. Moreover, these memristors are capable of simulating fundamental behaviors of a biological synapse, including long-term potentiation and long-term depression behaviors. Most importantly, a threshold-tunable leaky integrate-and-fire (TT-LIF) neuron is built using LixAlOy memristors, successfully integrating synaptic signals from both temporal and spatial levels and achieving an optimal threshold of SNNs. A computationally efficient TT-LIF-based SNN algorithm is also implemented for image recognition schemes, featuring a high recognition rate of 90.1% and an ultralow firing rate of 0.335%, which is 4 times lower than those of other memristor-based SNNs. Our studies reveal the ion dynamics mechanism of the LixAlOy memristor and confirm its potential in rapid switching and the construction of SNNs