Solární soustava pro rodinný dům s orientací střechy východ – západ

The renewable sources of energy are the future of the world. With the world moving towards green and clean energy, it’s time to find more efficient ways of using them. This thesis involves a typical Czech family of five members living in a house in Ostrava. In this project we will design the orientation of the roof in such a way that they are in the direction east-west giving the possibility of using the maximum efficiency possible. Also, the calculation is done for a full year and the profits are calculated monthly and yearly for the model of the solar collector used in the process. The main aim of the project is from the environmental point of view of using the best natural resources with maximum capacity and minimum losses. Also, the graphic part and the scheme of the solar collectors used will be discussed including the blueprints of the house and the technical documentation.Obnovitelné zdroje energie jsou budoucností světa. Se světem směřujícím k zelené a čisté energii je čas najít účinnější způsoby, jak je používat. Tato práce zahrnuje typickou pětičlennou českou rodinu žijící v Ostravě. V tomto projektu navrhneme orientaci střechy tak, aby se nacházela ve směru východ - západ, což umožňuje využít maximální možnou efektivitu. Také výpočet se provádí za celý rok a zisk se vypočítává měsíčně a ročně pro model solárního kolektoru použitého v procesu. Hlavním cílem projektu je z hlediska životního prostředí využití nejlepších přírodních zdrojů s maximální kapacitou a minimálními ztrátami. Dále bude diskutována grafická část a schéma použitých solárních kolektorů včetně plánů domu a technické dokumentace.361 - Katedra energetikyvelmi dobř

Present status of tuna fisheries of Lakshadweep

The tuna catch of the mainland coast of India is chiefly contributed by incidental catches where as in Lakshadweep the effort is specifically directed on tunas. Pole and line and troll line are the principal gears employed for capture. Hand lines and drift gillnets are also rarely used. Agatti, Bitra, Suheli and Minicoy are the major pole and line fishing centres which together contribute 75% of the total tuna catc

Safe Driving using Vision-based Hand Gesture Recognition System in Non-uniform Illumination Conditions

Nowadays, there is tremendous growth in in-car interfaces for driver safety and comfort, but controlling these devices while driving requires the driver's attention. One of the solutions to reduce the number of glances at these interfaces is to design an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS). A vision-based touch-less hand gesture recognition system is proposed here for in-car human-machine interfaces (HMI). The performance of such systems is unreliable under ambient illumination conditions, which change during the course of the day. Thus, the main focus of this work was to design a system that is robust towards changing lighting conditions. For this purpose, a homomorphic filter with adaptive thresholding binarization is used. Also, gray-level edge-based segmentation ensures that it is generalized for users of different skin tones and background colors. This work was validated on selected gestures from the Cambridge Hand Gesture Database captured in five sets of non-uniform illumination conditions that closely resemble in-car illumination conditions, yielding an overall system accuracy of 91%, an average frame-by-frame accuracy of 81.38%, and a latency of 3.78 milliseconds. A prototype of the proposed system was implemented on a Raspberry Pi 3 interface together with an Android application, which demonstrated its suitability for non-critical in-car interfaces like infotainment systems

Priprema, karakterizacija i in vitro procjena toksičnosti micela s kapsantinom na modelu stanične linije karcinoma dojke MDA-MB-231

Research background. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. In developed countries, breast cancer as a multifactorial disease is a major health concern, and its incidence is constantly rising in low and middle-income countries. Numerous studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals such as carotenoids inhibit breast cancer growth and induce apoptosis. We recently enhanced the solubility of capsanthin in water by encapsulating it in diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate, a novel non-ionic surfactant. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of water-soluble capsanthin-loaded micelles in MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro through tetrazolium dye MTT assay. Experimental approach. In the current study, capsanthin, a hydrophobic carotenoid, is extracted from sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum). Capsanthin-loaded diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (cap-DPGS-1000) micelles were prepared from capsanthin extract (cap) and diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (DPGS-1000) using the solid dispersion method. The capsanthin extract and cap-DPGS-1000 micelles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size distribution, polydispersity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of capsanthin extract and cap-DPGS-1000 micelles on a human triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) were tested to check the cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity of the micelles. Results and conclusions. The solubility of encapsulated cap-DPGS-1000 micelles in water is greatly enhanced and leads to an increased scope for localized drug delivery, a better delivery option for treating residual cancerous tumours. The encapsulated capsanthin showed a sustained release in simulated intestinal fluid (pH=6.8). Our research proposes a sustained drug delivery system that ensures effective and controlled release to the affected site. The characterization data revealed no change in the structure and functional groups in the encapsulated capsanthin. The IC50 value of the cap-DPGS-1000 micelles against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was (3.10±1.09) μg/mL, which is much lower than of capsanthin extract ((81.1±1.5) μg/mL). Capsanthin extract and capsanthin-loaded micelles are promising drug candidates to induce apoptosis and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells. Novelty and scientific contribution. The result shows the cytotoxic effect of capsanthin and capsanthin-loaded micelles on MDA-MB-231 cell line for the first time. Capsanthin from sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) showed remarkable cytotoxic effect on the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line.Pozadina istraživanja. Karcinom dojke jedan je od najčešćih tipova tumora te je još uvijek glavni uzročnik morbiditeta i mortaliteta među ženama diljem svijeta. U razvijenim zemljama ova multifaktorska bolest predstavlja primarni zdravstveni problem, a u stalnom je porastu u srednje i nisko razvijenim zemljama. Mnoga istraživanja pokazuju da fitokemikalije poput karotenoida suzbijaju rast i potiču apoptozu stanica karcinoma dojke. Nedavno smo poboljšali topljivost kapsantina u vodi postupkom inkapsulacije u novom neionskom surfaktantu, diosgenin polietilenglikol sukcinatu. Stoga je svrha ovoga rada bila pomoću MTT testa ispitati in vitro citotoksičnost micela punjenih kapsantinom, topljivih u vodi, na stanice raka MDA-MB-231. Eksperimentalni pristup. U radu je iz ekstrakta slatke crvene paprike (Capsicum annuum) izoliran hidrofobni karotenoid kapsantin. Iz čvrste disperzije ekstrakta i diosgenin polietilenglikol sukcinata 1000 pripremljene su micele. Ekstrakt kapsantina i micele su okarakterizirani pomoću UV-Vis spektroskopije, visokodjelotvorne tekućinske kromatografije, infracrvene spektroskopije s Fourierovom transformacijom, difrakcije X-zraka, raspodjele veličine čestica, polidisperzije i pretražne elektronske mikroskopije. Ispitali smo učinak ekstrakta kapsantina i micela na preživljavanje i rast trostruko negativnih stanica raka dojke (MDA-MB-231) te citotoksičnost micela. Rezultati i zaključci. Bitno se povećala topljivost kapsantina u inkapsuliranim micelama i time proširila mogućnost njegove primjene za ciljanu isporuku, čime se postižu bolji rezultati u liječenju rezidualnih tumora. Inkapsulirani se kapsantin kontrolirano otpuštao pri simulaciji probave u crijevima (pH=6,8). Predloženi sustav za ciljanu isporuku lijeka s produljenim djelovanjem omogućuje učinkovito i kontrolirano otpuštanje aktivne tvari na mjestu djelovanja. Rezultati pokazuju da se pri inkapsulaciji kapsantina nije promijenila njegova struktura, a niti sastav funkcionalnih skupina. Citotoksičnost micela na stanice MDA-MB-231 (IC50=(3,10±1,09) μg/mL) bila je bitno veća od one ekstrakta kapsantina (IC50=(81,1±1,5) μg/mL). Ekstrakt kapsantina i micele s kapsantinom mogu se upotrijebiti za poticanje apoptoze i povećanje količine reaktivnih kisikovih spojeva u stanicama raka. Novina i znanstveni doprinos. Rezultati prvi put prikazuju citotoksični učinak kapsantina i micela s kapsantinom na stanice raka MDA-MB-231. Kapsantin izoliran iz slatke crvene paprike (Capsicum annuum) imao je izniman citotoksični učinak na trostruko negativne stanice raka MDA-MB-231

Binocular vision parameters and body mass index

Background: Abnormal body mass Index (BMI) can adversely affect binocular vision. We aimed to assess the presence of possible differences in binocular vision parameters among the four BMI categories. Methods: In this comparative cross-sectional study, we enrolled young adults and categorized them into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their BMI. A complete orthoptic evaluation was performed to assess the mean values of binocular vision skills. Results: We recruited 120 participants with a mean (standard deviation) age of 21.30 (1.80) years with best-corrected distance and near visual acuities of 6/6 and N6, respectively. The frequency of exophoria > 4 PD was high in the obese group.  The frequency of binocular vision dysfunction was higher in the obese and underweight groups, with vergence dysfunction being the most common. The mean values for near negative fusional vergence (NFV), distance positive fusional vergence (PFV), negative relative accommodation, positive relative accommodation, monocular accommodation facility (AF), and monocular estimation method were comparable among the groups (all P > 0.05). The obese group had significantly receded near point of convergence, and reduced accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio and binocular AF than the normal, overweight, and underweight groups (all P < 0.05). The distance and near vergence facilities were significantly lower in the obese group than in the overweight and normal groups, and the distance vergence facility was significantly lower than in the underweight group (all P < 0.05). The mean values of distance NFV and near PFV in the obese group were significantly lower compared to the normal and overweight groups, and the mean values of distance NFV were significantly lower compared to the underweight group (all P < 0.05). The mean values of near PFV were significantly lower in the underweight group than in the overweight group (both P < 0.05). Both the underweight and obese groups had a significantly lower amplitude of accommodation compared to the normal group (both P < 0.05). Conclusions: The frequency of binocular vision dysfunction was higher in the obese and underweight groups. Most convergence and some accommodation parameters were adversely affected in individuals with obesity. Being underweight adversely affects certain binocular vision skills. Further studies are required to determine the relevance of BMI as a predictor of binocular vision abnormalities

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a cross sectional study

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders are two of the most common endocrine disorders in the general population. Both of these endocrine disorders share common predisposing factors, gynaecological features and have profound effect on reproductive function in women. The aim of this study is to study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and to evaluate the relationship between polycystic ovarian syndrome and thyroid dysfunction.Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study done on 100 patients with Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome based on Rotterdam’s criteria. The exclusion criteria was hyperprolactinemia, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and virilising tumour. Thyroid function was evaluated by measurement of fasting serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine levels (free T3 and free T4).Results: The mean age of the study patients was 26±4.2 years. Among the study patients, 11% of them had goitre. 18% of the patients with presented with subclinical hypothyroidism. The mean TSH levels in the study patients was 4.62±2.12 mIU/ml. The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 33% in the study patients with PCOS.Conclusions: This study concludes that the prevalence of hypothyroidism is increased in women with PCOS patients

Conservative management of vesicovaginal fistula: a rare case report

Vesicovaginal Fistula is a debilitating condition that has affected women for millinea. Spontaneous closures of VVF with continuous bladder drainage for varying periods have been reported by few authors. Here we present a case of post hysterectomy VVF managed conservatively. A 45 year old parous woman presented with continuous leakage of urine following hysterectomy. The clinical diagnosis of Vesicovaginal Fistula was proven by cystoscopy and CT cystography. VVF healed by continuous bladder drainage for 4 weeks. Non-surgical treatment with continuous bladder drainage can also result in complete healing of small VVFs