Workplace Spirituality, Emotions, and Deviant Workplace Behavior

Purpose:The study investigates the role of emotions in determining the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior.Methodology:A total of 550 instruments were distributed to employees of the IT sector of Karachi, and 457 were returned. Therefore, five separate structural models were used to investigate the role of emotions in the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviance in workplace behavior.Findings:Results suggest that emotions mediate the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior.Conclusion:Therefore, since emotions mediate workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior, it is concluded that managers must focus on emotions to reduce deviance in the workplace

Personality, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment

Purpose: This study investigates the role of HR practices and the nature of work in determining the relationship between personality types and the dimensions of organizational commitment. Methodology: Total 300 questionnaires were distributed to employees of the IT sector of Pakistan. From these 300 questionnaires, 216 useable questionnaires were received. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was applied to test the validity, whereas Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate the role of the nature of work and HR practices in the relationship between the personality types and the organizational commitment dimensions. Findings: Results indicated that HR policies and nature of work mediate the association between four personality types (extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience) with the dimensions of organizational commitment. However, neither the Satisfaction with HR Policies nor the Satisfaction with Nature of Work mediates the relationship between personality types and organizational commitment dimensions. Conclusion: The research indicates that personality types, directly and indirectly, affect the dimensions of organizational commitment. Hence, managers must focus on personality type while making the hiring decision

Workplace Spirituality, Emotions, and Deviant Workplace Behavior

Purpose: The study investigates the role of emotions in determining the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior. Methodology: A total of 550 instruments were distributed to employees of the IT sector of Karachi, and 457 were returned. Therefore, five separate structural models were used to investigate the role of emotions in the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviance in workplace behavior. Findings: Results suggest that emotions mediate the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior. Conclusion: Therefore, since emotions mediate workplace spirituality and deviant workplace behavior, it is concluded that managers must focus on emotions to reduce deviance in the workplace

Role of Tuition Centers in the Performance and Achievement of Students: A Case of Hyderabad District, Sindh, Pakistan

This research is designed to explore the importance of tuition centers in the perception of students. It tries to find out the role, supporting methods, environment and good characteristics of tuition centers, their owners and management to support the student to learn effectively and bring good grades in their board examinations. A qualitative research method employed to collect data from the 30 participating students who receive tuition at different centers of Hyderabad district. Semi-structured interview protocol was design; discussed with five experts of field; improved as per suggestions of field experts; piloted on three students; and then implemented and conducted on the recruited sample of students of class Higher Secondary Certificate -II (XII) in order to collect data. The results revealed that the students who receive tuition at different centers bring good grades in their examination and have suitable knowledge about their subjects taught at centers. Their previous grades were found good and attractive such as A-1 and A with more than 80% and 70% marks respectively, due to coaching received at tuition centers that time, reveled from experiences shared by students

INVENTORY OF MEDICINAL FLORA FROM THAL DESERT, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

Background: This article reports the preliminary findings of an ethno-botanical survey that was carried out in the Thal Desert, Punjab, Pakistan during 2010 to 2013. The aim of this study was to document the traditional use of medicinal plants from the study area. Materials and Methods: The whole area was surveyed for inventorying medicinal flora by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The people of the study area are extremely knowledgeable, hence reported 120 plants which are being used in treating various human diseases. The detailed inventory including botanical name, parts used, method of preparation and diseases treated is provided in this paper. Conclusion: This study revealed that the inhabitants possessed empirical knowledge of medicinal plants which would be useful in developing health care products and preserving traditional cultures as well as phyto-diversity

Prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence among females after normal vaginal delivery

Background: Urinary Incontinence is the most common disorder associated with women after vaginal delivery due to the weakening of pelvic floor muscles. More than 50% of females experience urinary incontinence. It is defined as the involuntary leakage of urine. The condition is common not only in older women but also in young nulliparous women. Objective: The key objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and severity of Urinary Incontinence after normal vaginal delivery. Method: The study was Cross-sectional and there were 160 participants in the study. The study was conducted at the Physical Therapy department and Gynaecology Ward of Fauji Foundation and Geo hospital Lahore. The data was collected from women who had delivered between the ages of 20-40 years. The data collection was done by using Incontinence Severity Index that was used as primary outcome measure. Results: A total of 160 responses were received, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among respondents, females in the age group of 20-25 had a rate of urinary incontinence with 31.3 percent. Results showed that females in the age group of 25-30 had high BMI and had a high rate of urinary incontinence with the range of 61.3 percent. As result, there was a positive correlation of urinary incontinence between age and score that ranged from 0.185. There was a positive correlation of urinary incontinence between the score and BMI that ranged between 0.174. Conclusion: This analysis revealed that there was a high prevalence rate of urinary incontinence among females after delivery that had a correlation with age

Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Post-partum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Early administration of tranexamic acid reduces deaths due to bleeding in trauma patients. We aimed to assess the effects of early administration of tranexamic acid on death, hysterectomy, and other relevant outcomes in women with post-partum haemorrhage. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited women aged 16 years and older with a clinical diagnosis of post-partum haemorrhage after a vaginal birth or caesarean section from 193 hospitals in 21 countries. We randomly assigned women to receive either 1 g intravenous tranexamic acid or matching placebo in addition to usual care. If bleeding continued after 30 min, or stopped and restarted within 24 h of the first dose, a second dose of 1 g of tranexamic acid or placebo could be given. Patients were assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight numbered packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Participants, care givers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. We originally planned to enrol 15 000 women with a composite primary endpoint of death from all-causes or hysterectomy within 42 days of giving birth. However, during the trial it became apparent that the decision to conduct a hysterectomy was often made at the same time as randomisation. Although tranexamic acid could influence the risk of death in these cases, it could not affect the risk of hysterectomy. We therefore increased the sample size from 15 000 to 20 000 women in order to estimate the effect of tranexamic acid on the risk of death from post-partum haemorrhage. All analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This trial is registered with ISRCTN76912190 (Dec 8, 2008); ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00872469; and PACTR201007000192283. Findings Between March, 2010, and April, 2016, 20 060 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive tranexamic acid (n=10 051) or placebo (n=10 009), of whom 10 036 and 9985, respectively, were included in the analysis. Death due to bleeding was significantly reduced in women given tranexamic acid (155 [1·5%] of 10 036 patients vs 191 [1·9%] of 9985 in the placebo group, risk ratio [RR] 0·81, 95% CI 0·65–1·00; p=0·045), especially in women given treatment within 3 h of giving birth (89 [1·2%] in the tranexamic acid group vs 127 [1·7%] in the placebo group, RR 0·69, 95% CI 0·52–0·91; p=0·008). All other causes of death did not differ significantly by group. Hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (358 [3·6%] patients in the tranexamic acid group vs 351 [3·5%] in the placebo group, RR 1·02, 95% CI 0·88–1·07; p=0·84). The composite primary endpoint of death from all causes or hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (534 [5·3%] deaths or hysterectomies in the tranexamic acid group vs 546 [5·5%] in the placebo group, RR 0·97, 95% CI 0·87-1·09; p=0·65). Adverse events (including thromboembolic events) did not differ significantly in the tranexamic acid versus placebo group. Interpretation Tranexamic acid reduces death due to bleeding in women with post-partum haemorrhage with no adverse effects. When used as a treatment for postpartum haemorrhage, tranexamic acid should be given as soon as possible after bleeding onset. Funding London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Pfizer, UK Department of Health, Wellcome Trust, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

اردومنظوم سفر نامے کی روایت اور نئے امکانات

  Poetry in Urdu literature begins with Musnawi. Masnawi refers to a continuous poem in which both stanzas rhyme in each verse.All kinds of topics can be adapted in Masnavi. In the past, ethical, religious, and historical themes were made part of Masnavis, in which natural scenes, society, customs, human emotions, and feelings were described. The Masnavis of Nizami Ganjavi and Amir Khusro strengthened the poetic tradition of Urdu literature.In this regard, the Masnavi writer sometimes made an imaginary and sometimes a real journey a part of the Masnavi, so the elements of the travelogue are found in the ancient Masnavis, which later led to the organized travelogue. Where modern technology has had its profound effects on other literary genres, the travelogue could only be left with being affected. With the help of digital cameras, foreign scenes are introduced in the form of pictures along with words. Different channels of Television Center have shown Pakistan.

How undergraduate medical students reflect on instructional practices and class attendance: a case study from the Shifa College of Medicine, Pakistan

The goal of this study was to assess student perceptions of a variety of instructional practices and attitudes toward class attendance. Data were obtained and analyzed by administering a questionnaire to students of the Shifa College of Medicine, Pakistan in 2011 and 2012. The subjects positively assessed most instructional practices, and in particular felt that teaching sessions conducted in small groups were more valuable than formal lectures in large groups. Students did not like having to give presentations, quizzes, panel discussions, and journal club. A positive correlation was found between the perceived importance of attendance and levels of academic motivation. Of the students surveyed, 11.8% were against mandatory attendance, saying that it reduced motivation and that attendance should be optional. In conclusion, the students had a positive perception of a range of instructional practices, and felt especially positively about practices that involve student activity in small groups. Programmatic improvement in instructional practices might increase class attendance

Rising Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy: Necessity for Exploring Newer Treatment Options

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. The emergence of drug resistance and particularly the Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production by Escherichia coli and methicillin resistance in Staphylococci, limits the choice of antimicrobials. Materials and Methods: Patients in different stages of pregnancy with or without symptoms of urinary tract infection attending the antenatal clinic of obstetrics and gynaecology were screened for significant bacteriuria, by standard loop method on 5% sheep blood agar and teepol lactose agar. Isolates were identified by using standard biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 4290 (51.2%) urine samples from pregnant females showed growth on culture. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria 3210 (74.8%) was higher than symptomatic UTI 1080 (25.2%). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen accounting for 1800 (41.9%) of the urinary isolates. Among the gram-positive cocci, coagulase negative species of Staphylococci 270 (6.4%) were the most common pathogen. Significantly high resistance was shown by the gram negative bacilli as well as gram positive cocci to the β-lactam group of antimicrobials, flouroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Most alarming was the presence of ESBL in 846 (47%) isolates of Escherichia coli and 344 (36.9%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, along with the presence of methicillin resistance in 41% of Staphylococcus species and high-level aminoglycoside resistance in 45(30%) isolates of Enterococcus species. Glycopeptides and carbepenems were the only group of drugs to which all the strains of gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli were uniformly sensitive, respectively. Conclusions: Regular screening should be done for the presence of symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and specific guidelines should be issued for testing antimicrobial susceptibility with safe drugs in pregnant women so that these can be used for the treatment. For empirical treatment cefoperazone-sulbactum can be recommended, which is a safe drug, covering both gram positive and gram negative organisms and with a good sensitivity