General introduction to a philosophy of action in Caguilhem: concept, context ans the works

Esse artigo é uma introdução geral à filosofia da ação nos trabalhos de Georges Canguilhem. O conceito canguilhemiano de ação define precisamente a superação do livre agir contra as normas abstratas e rígidas. Baseados em 1) diversos manuscritos não publicados (como "Qu'est-ce qu'agir?" ou "Objet et nature de la philosophie") e 2) uma análise geral dos campos metodológicos (estética, filosofia, história da ciência etc.) que caracteriza a produção filosófica de Canguilhem, pretendemos esclarecer o alcance teórica desse conceito à luz do contextos histórico e filosófico no qual ele se desenvolveu.This paper consists in a general introduction to the philosophy of action in Georges Canguilhem’s works. The canguilhemian concept of action defines precisely the overcoming of the free act against the abstract and rigid norm. On the basis of 1) several unpublished manuscripts (as Qu'est-ce qu'agir ? or Objet et nature de la philosophie) and 2) a general analysis of the methodological fields (aesthetic, philosophy, history of science, etc.) that characterize Canguilhem’s philosophical production, we aim to clarify the theoretical extent of this concept in the light of the historical and philosophical context in whitch it has evolved

Toxicity of pyrethroids and repellency of diethyltoluamide in two deltamethrin-resistant colonies of Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

The aim of the currrent investigation was to evaluate (a) the toxicity of three pyrethroids (deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, and tetramethrin); (b) the effect of these insecticides on the locomotor activity; and (c) the repellent effect of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) on two deltamethrin-resistant strains of Triatoma infestans, from Argentina (El Chorro and La Toma), and one susceptible strain. The resistance ratios (RRs) obtained for the La Toma strain were: > 10,769,50,7, and > 5,2 for deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and tetramethrin respectively. The RRs for the El Chorro strain were: > 10,769, 85.8, and > 5.2 for deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and tetramethrin respectively. The hyperactivity usually caused by the three pyrethroids was in both the deltamethrin-resistant strains compared to the susceptible reference strain. No differences were observed in the repellent effect of DEET between the three groups. These results indicate that the deltamethrin-resistant insects have a cross resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin and tetramethrin, and are also resistant to the first symptom of pyrethroid poisoning (hyperactivity). However, the sensorial process related to DEET repellency does not appear to be altered.Fil: Sfara, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación de Plagas e Insecticidas; ArgentinaFil: Zerba, Eduardo Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación de Plagas e Insecticidas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Alzogaray, Raúl Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa. Centro de Investigación de Plagas e Insecticidas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentin

La philosophie de Georges Canguilhem à travers son enseignement, 1929-1971 : examen du concept d'action

The private manuscripts of Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) were not accessible to the public until 2008. Our work focuses on the analysis of the manuscripts written while Canguilhem, Professor of Philosophy (from 1929) and Philosophy and History of Science (from 1955), was teaching in several French schools and universities. Since the death of the philosopher from Castelnaudary, there has been a renewed interest in systematizing the whole of his published philosophical production. According to the majority of scholars, it began in 1943, that is, with the publication of the famous "Essay on some problems concerning the normal and the pathological". In literature, some recent works (which have been thoroughly discussed in Chapter I) have highlighted the importance of some previously unknown writings, such as « Descartes et la technique » (1937) and « Activité technique et création » (1938). Other authors have proposed that Canguilhem was a philosopher tout court, challenging a conventional view that considers him - first and foremost - as a science historian. This work aims to demonstrate that the concept of action allows for considering the philosophical production of Canguilhem as an organic and systematic ''whole'', and to consider him as a "philosopher tout court". This concept stands as a purely philosophical concept, due to the relationship between abstract thinking and concrete action. While the term action, whose corresponding concept defines precisely the overcoming of the free act against the abstract and rigid norm, is not present in the published texts, the unpublished manuscripts (discussed in Chapters II and III) deepen this concept by giving it a name, which is precisely that of action. As an example, a manuscript written in 1929-1932, "Philosophie (éléments de doctrine et textes choisis)", is mostly focused on the study of the philosophical notion of action. The fourth and last chapter is entirely dedicated to a course held in 1966-1967 at the Sorbonne University in Paris, entitled "L'action".Les manuscrits privés de Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995) ne sont accessibles au publique que depuis 2008. Le présent travail se focalise sur l'analyse des manuscrits concernant la période d'enseignement de Canguilhem, professeur de philosophie (à partir de 1929) et de philosophie et histoire des sciences (à partir de 1955) dans les lycées et dans les universités françaises. Depuis la mort du philosophe de Castelnaudary, on a assisté à une nouvelle tentative de systématisation et de mise en cohérence de la totalité de sa production philosophique publiée qui, selon les interprètes du passé, commençait conventionnellement en 1943, c'est-à-dire avec la parution du fameux "Essai sur quelques problèmes concernant le normal et le pathologique". Des articles récents (auxquels a été consacré le premier chapitre) ont par exemple mis en lumière l'importance de quelques écrits auparavant inconnus, tels que « Descartes et la technique » (1937) et « Activité technique et création » (1938) ; d'autres travaux ont avancé la thèse d'un Canguilhem ''philosophe tout court'', en rompant avec cette tradition qui le considérait d'abord comme un historien des sciences. Le but de ce travail est de démontrer que la clé interprétative permettant, à la fois, de regarder la production philosophique de Canguilhem comme un ''tout'' organique et systématique, et de le considérer comme un ''philosophe tout court'', consiste en un concept d'action, qui est à son tour une catégorie purement philosophique, car concernant les rapports entre le plan de la pensée abstraite et le plan de l'acte concret. Si le terme action, dont le concept correspondant indique précisément le surpassement de l'acte libre à l'égard de la norme abstraite et figée, n'est pas présent dans les textes publiés, les manuscrits inédits (analysés dans les chapitres II et III) approfondissent ce concept en lui conférant en même temps un nom, qui est justement celui d'action. Une grande partie d'un manuscrit de 1929-32, Philosophie (éléments de doctrine et textes choisis), porte par exemple sur l'étude de la notionphilosophique d'action. Le quatrième et dernier chapitre, entièrement dédié à un cours des années 1966-67, tenu à la Sorbonne et intitulé L'action, viendra conclure sur ce concept

Sustainable pome fruit production in Patagonia, Argentina

Apple and pear production in Argentina mostly takes place in the provinces of Río Negro and Neuquén, along a valley located in an area irrigated by the rivers Neuquén, Limay and Negro. Most commonly agrochemicals applied for these cultures protection are pesticides against mite and codling moth (Cydiapomonella, L). Carbaryl,azinphos-methyl and dimethoate have been recently detected and quantified in water samples from these rivers. Heptachlor, was also found sporadically, despite its use is forbidden in our country. Although these organophosphorus pesticides use is allowed, dimethoate and azinphos-methyl, as well as carbaryl are harmful substances that exert adverse effects through inhibition of cholinesterases and carboxylesterases. Also they are responsible of eliciting antioxidant responses in different organisms. Fruit production in this region became more sustainable in the last years as the consequence of government prohibition on the use of old generation pesticides and the introduction of new generation ones. A National Program designed to avoid codling moth damage, through a sexual confusion method, was implemented in 2006. The codling moth induced damage reached 6,1% of total production in 2003 in farms that were afterwards included in the Program, and 0,73% of it, after 3 years of program development; and at the same time there was a 385 ton/year decrease in azimphos-methyl use. Improvement in management techniques for pests as San José louse and European red mite, as well as government programs for their control promoting the use of non-toxic natural compounds, will certainly contribute to achieve sustainable fruit production in Patagonia.Fil: Sfara, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Fonovich, Teresa Mabel. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Perez Coll, Cristina Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; Argentin

Locomotor behaviour of Blattella germanica modified by DEET

N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) is the active principle of most insect repellents used worldwide. However, its toxicity on insects has not been widely studied. The aim of this work is to study the effects of DEET on the locomotor activity of Blattella germanica . DEET has a dose-dependent repellent activity on B. germanica. Locomotor activity was significantly lower when insects were pre-exposed to 700 μg/cm2 of DEET for 20 or 30 minutes, but it did not change when pre-exposure was shorter. Locomotor activity of insects that were pre-exposed to 2.000 μg/cm2 of DEET for 10 minutes was significantly lower than the movement registered in controls. No differences were observed when insects were pre-exposed to lower concentrations of DEET. A 30-minute pre-exposure to 700 μg/cm2 of DEET caused a significant decrease in locomotor activity. Movement was totally recovered 24 h later. The locomotor activity measured during the exposure to different concentrations of DEET remained unchanged. Insects with decreased locomotor activity were repelled to the same extent than control insects by the same concentration of DEET. We demonstrated that the repellency and modification of locomotor activity elicited by DEET are non-associated phenomena. We also suggested that the reduction in locomotor activity indicates toxicity of DEET, probably to insect nervous system.Fil: Sfara, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Mougabure Cueto, Gastón Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Zerba, Eduardo Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Alzogaray, Raul Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental; Argentin

Chemical Signals are Involved in the Detection and Preference of Food Sources in Blattella Germanica

The German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is a cosmopolitan omnivorous species which can take nutrients from a wide variety of sources. Its condition of pest generated interest in the study of its biology, and while there are many works regarding its feeding behavior, few approaches have been made to the relevance of the chemosensory system during foraging. Objective: In this work we studied the role of chemical stimuli in the detection and preference of food sources in B. germanica using behavioral observations. Methods: Adult males were placed in a circular experimental arena where different diet types were presented individually. Parameters associated to the detection of odors (latency to the food source, number of visits to the source) were measured in an experimental time of 15 minutes. We also measured the total amount ingested determining the weight gain of each individual, as an indicator of taste evaluation of food. Findings: Insects showed a lower latency when the source emitted a larger amount of volatile compounds, so peanut butter was detected faster compared with the other diets studied. Regarding ingestion, insects spent significantly more time on the peanut butter, indicating the presence of phagostimulants such as sugars or lipids. When sugar solutions were used as food sources, the number of visits, the time spent on the source and the amount consumed was higher when increasing sugar concentration. Insects also showed preference for the solution of higher concentration, when two sugar solutions were presented simultaneously. Latency increased and the amount of sugar ingested decreased when insects´ mouthparts were chemically blocked with N-Ethylmaleimide, a general inhibitor of chemoreception. Novelty/Improvement: These results describe how cockroaches use odors to locate food sources and chemoreceptors in their mouthparts to identify diets of higher energetic value, from information regarding the concentration and quality of the food source. Understanding the feeding behavior of cockroaches allows the design of more attractive and palatable toxic gel baits enhancing their efficacy for cockroach control

Ganadería y calidad de agua en el Delta del Paraná Desafíos y recomendaciones

La publicación presenta una serie de problemáticas asociadas al impacto de la actividad ganadera sobre la calidad del agua en humedales. Se enfoca en los efectos de la presencia del ganado, del manejo hidrológico y del uso de productos veterinarios. se realizan también una serie de recomendaciones para una ganadería más sustentable en los humedales. está destinado a productores ganaderos de la región del Delta del Paraná.Fil: Boné, Emiliano. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Casa, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Mataloni, Maria Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Sfara, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; Argentin

Revista ES “Economía Social”

La ES es una Revista de Economía Social que surge como iniciativa del proyecto Trabajo Autogestionado de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes  con organizaciones sociales, ante la necesidad de las instituciones y espacios universitarios en publicar lo que se realiza desde la práctica en economía social tanto sea en trabajo autogestionado,  autoconstrucción de vivienda, comercio justo, consumo responsable, tecnologías sociales, mercados solidarios, monedas sociales. Por eso la ES está dirigida a todos los trabajadores/as de la socioeconomía; productores, estudiantes, organizaciones, profesionales, investigadores. Además se utiliza como material de estudio en Capacitaciones Docentes y Bachilleratos Populares. La revista ES sale cada tres meses en formato papel y digital, rescata los saberes que en autogestión y asociativismo nos enseñó la historia del movimiento obrero, el movimiento cooperativista, los pueblos originarios y las enormes experiencias de los barrios que autogestionan y construyen todos los días una economía humana y ecológicamente sustentable. La revista se realiza con el aporte de las organizaciones intervinientes, el financiamiento de la Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes y el Programa de Voluntariado 2011 de la Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias. Conforman el Consejo Editorial la Cooperativa Unión Solidaria de Trabajadores de Wilde, Avellaneda, Cooperativa de Consumo y Vivienda Quilmes, Culebrón Timbal Productora comunitaria de Moreno Bs. As, Asociación civil BePe de Catamarca, Mutual Primavera, Asociación Civil Incluir, Bodegón Cultural Casa de Pocho Club Federal y Club Luchador de Rosario, la Mesa de Productores Familiares de la provincia de Buenos Aires e INCUPO de Santa Fe. Entre los proyectos están:  el Proyecto Tecnologías para la Inclusión Social y Políticas Públicas en América Latina perteneciente al  Área de Estudios Sociales de la Tecnología y la Innovación del Instituto de Estudios sobre la Ciencia y la Tecnología UNQ y el Proyecto Trabajo Autogestionado dependiente de la dirección de vinculación Social de la Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.

Brašno - Kruh '15

Proceedings contains 28 original research articles presented at 8th International Congress Flour – Bread ’15 and 10th Croatian Congress of Cereal Technologists Brašno – Kruh ’1