School Happiness: Parents’ Opinion on Required Qualifications for School Happiness

In this study it was aimed to determine the parents’ opinions on the required qualifications for students’ happiness in school. This study was designed as a qualitative research design. Study group consists 20 parents. A semi-structured grid form was used as a data collection tool. The main-themes for school qualifications were physical equipment, learning environment, school environment, teacher qualifications, communication and collaboration, learning activities, social activities, school management, and education policy. The participants’ views focused on hygienic school environment, fair assessment, job enthusiasm of teachers, and the appealing school. In addition, school-parent cooperation should be increased, learning activities should be compatible with talent, and social activities should be sufficient for school happiness. School administrators should have leadership skills and school education should be continued based on democracy and laicism

SCHOOL PRINCIPALS’ ADMINISTRATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND THE EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS

This study aiming to determine the managerial characteristics of the school principals and to reveal the effects on the development of the students was planned in a qualitative case study model. The study group was 16 undergraduate students. The semi-structured letters were used as a means of collecting data in this study written by undergraduate students to the school principals. The findings were analyzed by using content analysis technique. The findings show that school principals exhibit both positive and negative personal characteristics. The most frequent positive personal characteristics of the school principals were good-humored, neat, sympathetic, fair, tolerant, and respectful. The most frequent negative personal characteristics were authoritarian, punitive, normative, strict, and distant attitudes. The school principals exhibit positive administrative features such as to display solution-focused management, to create positive school culture, to make staff feel valuable, and to listen everybody as carefully as. School principals also exhibit negative administrative characteristics such as punitive attitude, extreme restrictive attitude, a distant attitude, and to behave official. The most frequent instructional leadership characteristics of school principals were to focus on educational success of the school, to motivate to learn, to care all students to establish an effective learning environment, to lead to teaching and to appreciate success of students. The positive attitudes of school principals ensure the feelings on students such as self-confidence, self-respect, feel precious, gratitude, awareness, love and courage. The negative attitudes ensure the feelings such as fear, violence, humiliation, lack of self-confidence, lack of motivation, and timidity. Based on the findings it can be suggested that school principals should consider the effects of positive administrative attitudes on the development of students.  Article visualizations

Okullara Yönetici Seçme, Yetiştirme ve Atamaya İlişkin Yönetici Görüşleri: Durum Çalışması

The aim of this study is to reveal the opinions of school principals regarding the selection, training and appointment of school administrators. For this purpose, this study was conducted in a qualitative research design and case study model. The study group was 30 school principals. Data were collected via the focus group interviewing technique and a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers based on the experts’ opinion. The data obtained through the semi-structured interviewing form were analyzed using inductive content analysis technique. The data obtained from the focus group interview were analysed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The main themes were ‘selecting administrator’, ‘training administrator’, and ‘administrator appointing’. 14 sub-themes were determined related to these main themes. School principals state that the proficiency, exam and interview scores should be taken into consideration in the selection of administrators for schools. School principals state that school administrators should be trained on the basis of pre-service training, in-service training, post-graduate degree, and on-the-job training practices. According to school principals, the principles of impartiality and justice should be taken into account in appointing administrators to schools and objective criteria should be determined. On the other hand, professional experience, professional competence, education, administrative skills and personal characteristics should be considered.Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul müdürlerinin okullara yönetici seçilmesi, yetiştirilmesi ve atanmasına ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla çalışma, nitel araştırma deseninde ve durum çalışması modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 30 okul müdürü oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacılar tarafından uzman görüşü alınarak geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve odak grup görüşmesi tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler, tümevarımsal içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Odak grup görüşmesinden elde edilen veriler ise betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Ana temalar; yönetici seçme, yönetici yetiştirme ve yönetici atama şeklindedir ve bu ana temalarla ilişkili 14 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Okul müdürleri, okullara yönetici seçmede yeterlik, sınav ve mülakat puanının göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğini ifade etmektedir. Okul müdürleri, yöneticilerin hizmet öncesi eğitim, hizmetiçi eğitim, yüksek lisans eğitimi ve işbaşında eğitim uygulamalarına dayalı olarak yetiştirilmesi gerektiğini dile getirmektedir. Okul müdürlerine göre, okullara yönetici atamada, tarafsızlık ve adalet ilkelerinin göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve objektif kriterler belirlenmelidir. Bunların yanı sıra, mesleki deneyim, mesleki yeterlik, eğitim, yönetsel beceriler ve kişisel özellikler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır

Okul Yöneticilerinin İdeal Öğretmen Niteliklerine İlişkin Bilişsel Kurguları: Repertory Grid Tekniğine Dayalı Fenomenolojik Bir Çözümleme

In this study, it was aimed to reveal school administrators’ cognitive constructs related to ideal teacher qualifications. For this purpose, the study was conducted based on phenomenological design which is one of the qualitative research patterns. The study was conducted on 24 school administrators working in 24 different schools in the Giresun and Ordu city centres during 2015-2016 academic year. Criterion sampling technique was used to determine the study group. Data were collected by using repertory grid technique. The school administrators have produced 240 valid cognitive constructs related to ideal teacher qualifications. The most frequently mentioned cognitive constructs are namely, (1) communication/communication skills [η=9, 3,8%], (2) close attention/closeness to students [η=8, 3,3%], (3) self-sacrificing [η=8, 3,3%], (4) self-improvement [η=8, 3,3%], (5) job enthusiasm [η=8, 3,3%], (6) planning [η=8, 3,3%], (7) openness to improvement  [η=7, 2,9%], (8) collaboration [η=7, 2,9%], (9) work devotedly [η=7, 2,9%],  and (10) responsibility [η=6, 2,5%]. The 240 cognitive constructs produced by school administrators related to ideal teachers’ qualifications were collected in eight different groups considering functionality and the similarities.Bu araştırma, okul yöneticilerinin ideal öğretmen niteliklerine ilişkin bilişsel kurgularını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, bu nedenle nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan fenomenolojik desende yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Giresun ve Ordu il merkezlerinde görevli 24 okul yöneticisi ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, ölçüt örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri repertory grid tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Okul yöneticileri, ideal öğretmen niteliklerine ilişkin 240 bilişsel kurgu oluşturmuştur. En sık tekrar edilen bilişsel kurgular sırayla (1) iletişim/iletişim becerileri [η=9, %3,8], (2) yakından ilgilenme/ öğrencilere yakınlık [η=8, %3,3], (3) özverili olma [η=8, %3,3], (4) yeniliğe açıklık [η=8, %3,3], (5) meslek aşkı [η=8, %3,3], (6) planlı çalışma [η=8, %3,3], (7) gelişmeye açıklık [η=7, %2,9], (8) işbirliği [η=7, %2,9], (9) özverili çalışma [η=7, %2,9], (10) sorumluluk [η=6, %2,5]. Okul yöneticilerinin ideal öğretmenlerin niteliklerine ilişkin ürettiği 240 bilişsel kurgu, benzerlik ve işlevsellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak sekiz farklı grupta toplanmıştır.

Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Uzaktan Eğitimde Öğretimin Yönetimi: Bir Durum Çalışması

COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan eğitimde öğretimin yönetimine ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bu araştırma, nitel araştırma deseninde ve durum çalışması modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme tekniğiyle belirlenen 36 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Öğretmenler, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde öğrencilerin derslere erişiminde, derslere katılımında ve sınıf yönetiminde sorunlarla karşılaştıklarını vurgulamışlardır. Katılımcılar, karşılaştıkları güçlüklerle baş etmek için etkileşimli öğrenme yöntem ve tekniklerinden yararlandıklarını ve öğrencilerin ilgi ve dikkatlerini öğrenilen konuya odaklamayı sağlayan ders materyalleri kullandıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca velilerle iletişimi ve iş birliğini geliştirme, öğrencilerin motivasyonunu artırma konusunda çaba harcamışlardır. Sonuç olarak, uzaktan eğitimde karşılaşılan güçlükler, öğretmenlerin öğretim etkinliklerini planlama, uygulama ve değerlendirme sürecini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Özellikle teknik sorunların ve altyapı sorunlarının giderilmesi, araç-gereç ihtiyacının karşılanması, öğretmen, veli ve öğrencilerin desteklenmesi ve bilgilendirilmesi uzaktan eğitimde öğretimin yönetimine olumlu katkılar sağlayabilir

Characterisation of wastes collected from beaches, coastlines, marine surface cleaning processes and ships: A case study of Istanbul

Marine waste management is crucial for Istanbul because of the significant location for intercontinental transition, international trade, tourism, industry and shipping. This study is the first one realised in Turkey for the detailed characterisation of marine waste. The amount and characteristics of solid wastes originating from beaches, coastlines, sea surface cleaning processes and ships (both cargo and cruise ships) were determined. It was observed that marine wastes includes a significant amount of recyclable materials. Although, it was ascertained that the amount and composition of waste differs according to the collecting sources, the majority of wastes are composed of different types of plastics. The average calorific value of marine waste was determined as 2500 kcalkg-1, which is higher than that of mixed municipal solid waste. There is a lack of studies on the pathways of disposal alternatives of marine waste after collection. As landfilling is the common pathway for disposal after collecting, it is clear that recycle/reuse and energy recovery options are possible for marine waste

Okul müdürlerinin sınıf öğretmenlerine hizmetiçi eğitim sürecinde kazandırılması gereken mesleki değerler ve mesleki becerilere ilişkin görüşleri

The purpose of this study is to examine the professional values and skills to be gained to classroom teachers in in-service training process. The research was designed in the qualitative case study model. The study group was 10 school administrators working in elementary schools in a Northeast Anatolia province of Turkey. The study group was determined by using criteria sampling method. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed by using content analysis and descriptive analysis techniques. 24 different values were determined should gain through in-service training to class teachers. Based on the results it can be suggested that the personal values should be given teachers through pre-service and in-service training. The professional skills should be gained teachers through in-service training including communication skills, technology using skills, pedagogical content knowledge, planning skills, material designing and using skills. In addition, the professional values such as cooperation, love of teaching profession, leadership, role-modeling, self-renewal, sacrifice and solidarity can be gained teachers through in-service training.Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerine hizmetiçi eğitim sürecinde kazandırılacak mesleki değerler ve becerilerin incelenmesidir. Araştırma, nitel durum çalışması modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma Kuzeydoğu Anadolu’da bir ilde görevli 10 okul yöneticisiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, ölçüt örnekleme ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla toplanmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz teknikleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Sınıf öğretmenlerine hizmetiçi eğitim yoluyla kazandırılması gereken 24 değer belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına dayalı olarak öğretmenlere hizmet öncesi ve hizmet içi eğitim yoluyla kişisel değerler kazandırılması gerektiği önerilebilir. Öğretmenlere hizmet içi eğitimler yoluyla iletişim becerisi, teknoloji kullanma becerisi, alan bilgisi, planlama becerisi, materyal tasarlama ve kullanma becerisi kazandırılmalıdır. Ayrıca hizmet içi eğitimlerle öğretmenlere işbirliği, meslek sevgisi, liderlik, rol model olma, kendini yenileme, fedakârlık ve dayanışma gibi profesyonel beceriler kazandırılabilir

QUALITY OF LIFE AND THE FACTORS AFFECTING IT AMONG PEOPLE AGED 75 YEARS AND OVER LIVING IN A HEALTH CENTER REGION IN IZMIR

Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi\'nde yaşayan 75 yaş ve üzerindeki yaşlıların yaşamkalitesini ve etkileyen etmenleri belirlemektir.Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Ekim 2006-Mayıs 2007 tarihleri arasındaİzmir Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi\'nde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma evreni bu bölgedeyaşayan 75 yaş ve üzeri 851 kişiydi. Standart sapma 46, ± 5 hata, %95 güvendüzeyinde 235 kişi, sistematik örneklemeyle belirlendi. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeniyaşam kalitesi, bağımsız değişkenleri sosyo-demografik özellikler, sosyal destek, depresyon,günlük yaşam etkinlikleri bağımlılık durumuydu. Yaşam kalitesi için SF 12,günlük yaşam etkinlikleri için Barthel İndeksi, depresyon için Geriatrik DepresyonÖlçeğinin kısa formu kullanıldı. Veri yüz-yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplandı, bağımsızgruplarda t testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi ve çoklu regresyon ile çözümlendi.Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması 79,1 ± 4,3 (75-98), %58,9\'u kadın, %51,4\'ü evli, %45,9\'u ilkokul mezunuydu. %92,5\'inin sağlık güvencesi vardı. Yaşlıların %24,7\'sinin GYE\'de bağımlı olduğu ve %24,0\'ında depresyon varlığı saptandı.İki değişkenli analizlerde Fiziksel Bileşen Özet Skor (FBÖS) ve Ussal Bileşen ÖzetSkor (UBÖS) kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşükken ortaokul veya üstü eğitimlilerde,geliri giderine eşit veya fazla olanlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Bastonkullananlarda hem FBÖS hem de UBÖS daha düşüktü (p<0,05). FBÖS evlilerde vesağlık güvencesi olanlarda daha yüksekken kronik hastalığı olanlarda daha düşüktü(p<0,05). FBÖS ve UBÖS, depresyon ve GYE\'de bağımlılık saptananlarda anlamlıolarak daha düşüktü. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda cinsiyet, baston kullanımı,bağımlılık puanı ve kronik hastalık sayısı ile FBÖS, bağımlılık ve depresyon puanı ileUBÖS arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı.Sonuç: Yaşlılarda bağımlılık, kronik hastalık, depresyon varlığı, baston kullanımı vecinsiyet yaşam kalitesi için önemli risk etmenleri olarak bulunmuştur. Risk grupları gözönünde bulundurularak yaşlı nüfusun YK\'lerini arttırmak önemli sağlık hedeflerindenolmalıdır.Objective: The aim of the study is to define the quality of life (QoL) and the factorsaffecting it in elderly people over 75 years living in Izmir Esentepe Health CenterRegion.Material and method: The cross-sectional study was conducted during October2006 and May 2007 in Izmir Esentepe Health Center Region. The study population ofthe research consisted of 851 elderly people of 75 years of age or over living in thisregion. Twohundredthirtyfive people were determined by systematic sampling, with astandard deviation of 46, ±5 error, and 95% confidence level. The dependent variableof the study was QoL, the independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics,social support, depression, and dependency on activity of daily living (ADL). TheSF-12 was used for QoL assessment, Barthel Index for ADL, and the short form ofGeriatric Depression Scale for depression assessment. The data were collected byface to face interviews and analyzed by t test, Mann-Whitney U test and multipleregression analysis.Results: The average age was 79.1 ± 4.3 (75-98), with a female proportion of 58.9%,51.4% of the study population were married, 45.9% of them primary school graduates,and 92.5% had health insurance. It was determined that 24.7% of the elderly peoplewere dependent on GYE and 24.0% of them had depression.In univariate analyses, Mental Component Summary Score (MCSS) and PhysicalComponent Summary Score (PCSS) were significantly lower in women, althoughMCSS and PCSS were significantly higher in elderly people with middle school orhigher education, in those with spending equal to income or more income thanspending. In the elderly people using the stick, both MCSS and PCSS were lower(p<0.05). MCSS were higher in married people and in the ones with health insurancealthough in the ones with a chronic disease were lower (p<0.05). MCSS and PCSSwere significantly lower in those with depression or dependency to ADL. At the end ofmultiple regression analysis, significant relations were found between sex, dependencyscore, number of chronic diseases and using stick and MCSS and betweendependency, depression score and PCSS.Conclusion: The presence of dependency, chronic disease, and depression, usingstick and gender were found as significant risk factors for QoL. Taking risk groups intoconsideration, improving the QoL\'s of the elderly population should be one of theimportant health goals

Crizotinib efficacy and safety in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations: A real-life data of Turkish Oncology Group

Crizotinib is a multikinase inhibitor, effective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epidermal transition (MET) alterations. Although small prospective studies showed efficacy and safety of crizotinib in NSCLC with MET alterations, there is limited real-life data. Aim of this study is to investigate real-life efficacy and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations. This was a retrospective, multicenter (17 centers) study of Turkish Oncology Group. Patients' demographic, histological data, treatment, response rates, survival outcomes, and toxicity data were collected. Outcomes were presented for the study population and compared between MET alteration types. Total of 62 patients were included with a median age of 58.5 (range, 26-78). Major histological type was adenocarcinoma, and 3 patients (4.8%) had sarcomatoid component. The most common MET analyzing method was next generation sequencing (90.3%). MET amplification and mutation frequencies were 53.2% (n = 33) and 46.8% (n = 29), respectively. Overall response rate and disease control rate were 56.5% and 74.2% in whole study population, respectively. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 7.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8-10.5), and median overall survival (OS) was 18.7 months (95% CI: 13.7-23.7), regardless of treatment line. Median PFS was 6.1 months (95% CI: 5.6-6.4) for patients with MET amplification, whereas 14.3 months (95% CI: 6.7-21.7) for patients with MET mutation (P = .217). Median PFS was significantly longer in patients who have never smoked (P = .040), have good performance score (P < .001), and responded to the treatment (P < .001). OS was significantly longer in patients with MET mutation (25.6 months, 95% CI: 15.9-35.3) compared to the patients with MET amplification (11.0 months; 95% CI: 5.2-16.8) (P = .049). In never-smokers, median OS was longer than smoker patients (25.6 months [95% CI: 11.8-39.3] vs 16.5 months [95% CI: 9.3-23.6]; P = .049). The most common adverse effects were fatigue (50%), peripheral edema (21%), nausea (29%) and diarrhea (19.4%). Grade 3 or 4 adverse effects were observed in 6.5% of the patients. This real-life data confirms efficacy and safety of crizotinib in the treatment of advanced NSCLC harboring MET alteration

Prospective Teachers%20 Cognitive Constructs Related to Ideal Lecturer Qualifications%253A A Case Study Based on Repertory Grid Technique

In this study, it was aimed to reveal prospective teachers cognitive constructs related to the ideal lecturers qualifications. The study was conducted based on case study design which is one of the qualitative research patterns. The study group was 21 prospective teachers. The study group was determined by using criterion sampling method. Data were collected via a repertory grid technique. The participants have produced 210 valid cognitive constructs related to ideal lecturers qualifications. The most frequently mentioned cognitive constructs are namely, communication skills, professional competence, acknowledged expert, motivation skills, good humoured, treats fairly, respectful to different opinions, innovative%252Finventive, academically%252Fscientifically accoutred, and classroom management skills. 210 cognitive constructs were collected in eight different cognition, groups considering functionality and the similarities. The main cognition groups were personal qualifications, academic efficacy, professional competency, communication skills, student centeredness, motivation, professional ethics, and democratic attitude. It can be suggested that the lecturers before anything else should have personal qualifications, communication skills and they should also be academically efficient