Development of an optimum proliferation medium via the graph kernel statistical analysis method for genetically stable in vitro propagation of endemic Thymus cilicicus (Turkey)

Thymus cilicicus is an endemic Eastern Mediterranean element that has aromatic-medicinal properties. Its natural population spreads across gravelly ground and open rocky areas of South and Southwest Anatolia. The current study on in vitro propagation of T. cilicicus focused deeply on environmental applications such as the development of an optimum medium composition for efficient and genetically stable micropropagation and improved preservation procedures for long-time conservation of elite germplasms for further studies. For this purpose, MS and OM media were used individually and in combination with cytokinins, charcoal, AgNO3, Fe-EDDHA, and H3BO3. The raw data were statistically analyzed via the graph kernel method to optimize the nonlinear relationship between all parameters. The optimal proliferation medium for T. cilicicus was OM supplemented with a combination of 10 g L-1 charcoal and 1 mg L-1 KIN and the calculated averages of the best regeneration rate, the best shoot number and the best shoot length were 96.89%, 3 and 1.24 respectively on this medium. The determination of genetic stability of in vitro grown plants on the optimum medium compositions obtained by the graph kernel method was carried out with the use of the ISSR-PCR technique. All the ISSR primers produced a total of 192 reproductive band profiles, none of which were polymorphic. Furthermore, the micropropagated plants were successfully rooted and acclimatized to greenhouse conditions. In this study, we present a graph kernel multiple propagation index which considers all the possible parameters needing to be analyzed. Such an index is used for the first time for the determination of the optimum proliferation medium

Determination of KOSGEB Support Models for Small- and Medium-Scale Enterprises by Means of Data Envelopment Analysis and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods

Eren, Tamer/0000-0001-5282-3138WOS: 000464445100001Small- and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) act as catalysts in the general economy with regard to their added value. Support programs have been designed by the government through the Small and Medium Enterprises Development and Support Administration KOSGEB) and other institutions in order to further the general economic contributions of such enterprises. However, there is no method for using support models according to a productivity and effectiveness principle. This causes serious wastes of both resources and time. In this study, the problem of applying support models to improve the most critical problems of SMEs was discussed. As a place of application, 82 firms registered to the Konya Chamber of Industry were selected for the automotive supplier industry. Firstly, a productivity evaluation of companies was performed by a data envelopment analysis (DEA). Firms were grouped into A, B1, B2, C1, and C2 according to their activity scores. Using an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the order of KOSGEB support was found using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method (TOPSIS). Thus, firms will be able to focus on their most pressing problems, as well as enabling the efficient use of resources A: Small- and Medium-Scale Enterprises Improvement and Support Program (KOBIGEL) support model, B1: Logistic support model, B2: KOBIGEL support model, C1: Test analysis and calibration support model, and C2: Test analysis and calibration support model. This means that these support models are required in the first place for group companies.A KOBIGEL support model is the provincial rank for A group companies.Scientific Research Program (BAP) of Kirikkale UniversityKirikkale UniversityThis article is supported by Ankara-KOSGEB. This article is supported by Scientific Research Program (BAP) of Kirikkale University as project of 2015/138

Matematik i förskolan

Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta reda på hur pedagoger får in matematiken i samlingen i förskolan.The purpose of this study is to find out how teachers get into the mathematics of the collection in preschool

Journey into Doctoral Candidacy: A Grounded Theory Study of Doctoral Qualification Exam Process / Putovanje kandidata za doktorski studij: istraživanje postupka polaganja kvalifikacijskog doktorskog ispita metodom utemeljene teorije

The purpose of this study is to investigate the process doctoral students go through in qualification exam. Within a grounded theory design, a series of in-depth interviews were carried out with six doctoral candidates to inquire into their thoughts and experiences. Data collection started four months before the qualification exam and ended approximately a month after the exam had been taken. A total of 127 pages of interview transcripts were produced as a result of interviews. The data from these interviews were analysed in three stages: (1) initial coding and theorizing; (2) selective coding and theorizing; (3) theoretical codes. The theoretical codes were generated from the codes using the constant comparative method. The analysis revealed five interrelated phases students go through in the qualification exam: Ambiguity and procrastination; Getting lost and finding ways; Getting on with the unavoidable: taking the exam; Relief or burnout after the exam, and Looking back with mixed feelings.Svrha je ovog istraživanja ispitati proces koji studenti doktorskog studija moraju proći kako bi mogli položiti kvalifikacijski ispit. Primjenom dizajna istraživanja koji se koristi metodom utemeljene teorije, proveden je niz produbljenih intervjua sa šest kandidata za doktorski studij kako bi se ispitala njhova mišljenja i iskustva. Prikupljanje podataka započelo je četiri mjeseca prije kvalifikacijskog ispita i završilo je otprilike mjesec dana prije polaganja ispita. Nakon provedenih intervjua, napisano je otprilike 127 stranica transkribiranog teksta. Podaci dobiveni u intervjuima analizirani su u tri faze: (1) inicijalno kodiranje i teroretiziranje, (2) selektivno kodiranje i teoretiziranje, (3) teorijsko kodiranje. Teorijski kodovi stvoreni su iz kodova primjenom konstantne komparativne metode. Analiza je pokazala pet međusobno povezanih faza kroz koje studenti prolaze tijekom pripreme za kvalifikacijski ispit: Nejasnoće i odgađanje, Gubljenje i pronalaženje, Pomak prema neodgodivom: polaganje ispita, Olakšanje ili sagorijevanje nakon ispita, Pogled unatrag s pomiješanim osjećajima

Journey into Doctoral Candidacy: A Grounded Theory Study of Doctoral Qualification Exam Process

The purpose of this study is to investigate the process doctoral students go through in qualification exam. Within a grounded theory design, a series of in-depth interviews were carried out with six doctoral candidates to inquire into their thoughts and experiences. Data collection started four months before the qualification exam and ended approximately a month after the exam had been taken. A total of 127 pages of interview transcripts were produced as a result of interviews. The data from these interviews were analysed in three stages: (1) initial coding and theorizing; (2) selective coding and theorizing; (3) theoretical codes. The theoretical codes were generated from the codes using the constant comparative method. The analysis revealed five interrelated phases students go through in the qualification exam: Ambiguity and procrastination; Getting lost and finding ways; Getting on with the unavoidable: taking the exam; Relief or burnout after the exam, and Looking back with mixed feelings

Accessing Science Through Media: Uses and Gratifications Among Fourth and Fifth Graders for Science Learning

This qualitative phenomenological study aims to investigate fourth and fifth graders' uses of mass media (TV, newspapers, Internet, magazines) and to assess their various features as sources for science learning. The data were collected from 47 purposefully selected students through focus groups and were analyzed through qualitative analysis using uses and gratifications theory as a conceptual framework. The results indicated that students were active in choosing and utilizing media to meet their cognitive, affective, personal integrative, and social integrative needs. Furthermore accessibility, content, and presentation were the key factors in influencing students' motivation of use of the media

Analysis of the Difficulties of SMEs in Industry 4.0 Applications by Analytical Hierarchy Process and Analytical Network Process

Gur, Seyda/0000-0002-4639-9657; Eren, Tamer/0000-0001-5282-3138WOS: 000454735600033The concept of Industry 4.0 is seen as a recent paradigm in the manufacturing sector. The use of new production and management technologies required by the concept of Industry 4.0 is very important for small enterprises in order to keep up with the competition. However, most enterprises look at these requirements in a negative way. This study analyzes the propulsion forces of Industry 4.0 adopted in small and medium enterprises. By analyzing the difficulties in the transition process of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to Industry 4.0, the company contributes to the determination of strategic steps taking these results into consideration. This will facilitate the transition of enterprises to Industry 4.0 and progress can be made towards efficient use of resources. A hierarchical structure was established under the four main criteria of innovation, organization, environmental, and financial aspects, and the relative weight of these criteria and sub-criteria were calculated. The surveys conducted on business managers were evaluated using multi-criteria decision-making methods by the analytic hierarchy process method and the analytic network process. At the same time, the interaction between these criteria was taken into consideration and the criteria were re-evaluated by the analytical network process method. The results of the two methods seem to support each other.Scientific Research Program (BAP) of Kirikkale UniversityKirikkale University [2015/138]; Kirsehir-KOSGEBThis article is supported by Kirsehir-KOSGEB. This article is supported by Scientific Research Program (BAP) of Kirikkale University as project of 2015/138

Production of in situ aluminum-titanium diboride master alloy formed by slag-metal reaction

Al-TiB(2) master alloys have received much attention in recent years owing to their potential as efficient grain refiners for aluminum foundry alloys. In this study, the process of production of master alloys was investigated to develop a low cost method, namely, slag-metal reaction. This method can be used to fabricate Al-TiB2 master alloy in situ from the TiO(2)-H(3)BO(3)-Na(3)AlF(6) and Al system. Since the price of the raw materials is low and the technology is simple, the processing technique appears to reduce the cost of the master alloy. Because of exothermic reactions, not much energy is needed to melt materials. In this process, Titanium diboride particles were formed in situ through the reactions of TiO(2), H(3)BO(3) and Na(3)AlF(6). Results showed that when the aluminum melted, the condensed TiB(2) particles that formed in situ were spherical with an average diameter of 1 mu m. Furthermore, these TiB(2) particles were distributed uniformly through the master alloy

Slag treatment at Kardemir integrated iron and steel works

Integrated iron- and steelmaking plants generate large amounts of solid wastes, which are mainly blast furnace and steel furnace slags, dusts, sludges, etc. The main problem faced at Kardemir integrated iron and steel works is with the steelmaking slags, i.e. open-hearth furnace slag and more recently basic oxygen furnaces (BOF) slag. Over the last 50 years of operation, more than 5 million tons of slag has accumulated in the waste stockyard. To make use of this slag, a slag-processing plant came into operation at Kardemir in 1999. In this plant, after crushing and classification of the slag to various sizes, the magnetic particles present in the slag are separated by electromagnets. The magnetic 10-50 mm product of the slag-processing unit is charged to blast furnaces as raw material and the magnetic pieces in the range of 50-500 mm are charged to BOF as scrap. This study was undertaken with the objective of determining the effects of addition of the above-mentioned magnetic products of the slag-processing unit on the operation and performance of the blast furnace and the BOF No magnetic separation is applied to the - 10 mm fraction and this material is added into sinter mix as a source of iron and fluxing materials. A further objective of the study was determination of the effect of addition of the - 10 mm product of the slag-processing unit on the properties of the sinter and use of slag-added sinter on the operation of the blast furnace. The slag-processing unit has been found to be a good solution to the environmental problems created by the accumulated slag. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved