Migrationsverkets styrning utifrån demokrativärden och ekonomivärden - En idéanalys av verksamhetsåren 1993/1994 och 2013

Undersökningen är en idéanalys av Statens Invandrarverk/Migrationsverkets årsredovisning från hösten år 1993/våren 1994 samt år 2013. Vi har valt att granska årsredovisningarna med utgångspunkt i Lennart Lundquist teori gällande ”Vårt offentliga etos”. Teorin innehåller demokrati- och ekonomivärden som även är vårt val av idealtyper. Våra operationaliserade begrepp/idéer används för att utforma de två idealtyperna. Vi har skapat en tabell med ord och ordsträngar, vilka är våra operationaliserade begrepp, som är indikationer på de två skilda idealtyperna. Dessa har hjälpt oss i avgörandet av huruvida ett område i materialet är demokrati- eller ekonomivärde. Vi redogör för teorin New Public Management men endast som en möjlig förklaring till varför svensk förvaltning styrs som den gör. Vi diskuterar genomgående i vår analys av materialet huruvida det är demokrati- eller ekonomivärden som styr verket. I slutsatsen som sedan följer görs en jämförelse mellan resultatet av årsredovisningen från 93/94 och 2013 för att presentera den värdeförskjutning som analysen visat. I slutsatsen presenteras även ekonomivärdena som det värde som väger tyngst i båda årsredovisningarna

Phase-Changing Glauber Salt Solution for Medical Applications in the 28-32 °C Interval

(1) Background: The field of medicine requires simple cooling materials. However, there is little knowledge documented about phase change materials (PCM) covering the range of 28 to 40 degrees Celsius, as needed for medical use. Induced mild hypothermia, started within 6 h after birth, is an emerging therapy for reducing death and severe disabilities in asphyxiated infants. Currently, this hypothermia is accomplished with equipment that needs a power source and a liquid supply. Neonatal cooling is more frequent in low-resource settings, where ~1 million deaths are caused by birth-asphyxia. (2) Methods: A simple and safe cooling method suitable for medical application is needed for the 28 to 37.5 °C window. (3) Results: Using empirical experiments in which the ingredients in Glauber salt were changed, we studied the effects of temperature on material in the indicated temperature range. The examination, in a controlled manner, of different mixtures of NaCl, Na2SO4 and water resulted in a better understanding of how the different mixtures act and how to compose salt solutions that can satisfy clinical cooling specifications. (4) Conclusions: Our Glauber salt solution is a clinically suited PCM in the temperature interval needed for the cooling of infants suffering from asphyxia

Experimental Correlation of Combined Heat and Mass Transfer for NH 3 -H 2 0 falling film absorption

vection. The main conclusion from this study is that the negative concentration gradient of the surface tension is a trigger for inducement of Marangoni convection before the additive solubility, while the imbalance of the surface tension and the interfacial tension is a trigger after the solubility limit. Acknowledgment The authors thank Mr. K. Iizuka, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, for his experimental assistance. The authors acknowledge that this work has been partially funded by the Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST). References Beutler, A., Greiter, I., Wagner, A., Hohhmann, L., Schreier, S., and Alefeld, G., 1996, "Surfactants and Fluid Properties," Int. J. Refrigeration, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 342-346. Chavepeyer, G" Salajan, M., Platten, J. K., and Smet, P., 1995, "InterfacialTension and Surface Adsorption in j-Heptanol/Water Systems," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 174, Daiguji, H,, Hihara, E., and Saito, T., 1997, "Mechanism of Absorption Enhancement by Surfactant," Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 40, No. 8, pp. 1743-1752. Fujita, T., 1993, "Falling Liquid Films in Absorption Machines," Int. J. Refrigeration, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 282-294. Hihara, E" and Saito, T., 1993 Journal of Heat Transfer TL = temperature of the fluid far away from the plate t' = time t R = reference time u = velocity of the fluid UD = reference velocity at' = frequency X,, = distance of the transition point from the leading edge |3 = coefficient of volume expansion p = density e = amplitude (constant) 9 = nondimensional temperature u = nondimensional velocity i = y-i Introduction Transient laminar-free convection flow past an infinite vertical plate under different plate conditions was studied by many researchers. The first closed-form solutions for Prandtl number Pr = 1.0 in case of a step change in wall temperature with time was derived by Illingworth (1950) and for Pr # 1.0, he derived the solution in integral form. Siegel (1958) studied the unsteady freeconvection flow past a semi-infinite vertical plate under stepchange in wall temperature or surface heat flux by employing the momentum integral method. Experimental evidence for such a situation was presented by Goldstein and Eckert (1960). For a semi-infinite vertical plate, unsteady free-convection flow was studied analytically b

Miljökommunikation för miljöinspektörer

När man öppnar en handbok i kommunikation, förväntar man sig kanske att få en utförlig lista med metoder, som underlättar arbetet i specifika situationer. Man hoppas på klara besked om hur man ska gå tillväga i mötet med verksamhetsutövare som inte lyssnar, inte vill göra som de förväntas, vägrar att hålla sig till "fakta" eller bemöter en fråga med en utskällning. Den här boken innehåller inga sådana recept Vi tror helt enkelt inte att det finns några enkla instruktioner eller patentmetoder för att hantera sådana situationer. Vi skulle naturligtvis kunna skriva: "se till att få en bra dialog med verksamhetsutövare" Men värdet av en sådan instruktion är inte särskilt högt, för frågan kvarstår ju: "Hur då?" Att utveckla sin kommunikativa kompetens tror vi handlar om att utveckla sitt eget förhållningssätt, sitt intresse och sin förståelse för varför människor inte gör som man förväntar sig. Den här handboken består till stor del av modeller eller "bilder" som ger vägledning i hur man teoretiskt kan förstå kommunikationssituationer. Bilderna svarar på frågor om vad människor generellt kan behöva för att känna sig inkluderade och vilja bidra. Den ger också instruktioner om hur man som myndighetsutövare kan försöka förhålla sig till detta. Men modeller är ändå alltid modeller. För att kunna omsätta våra teoretiska kunskaper till praktiska färdigheter måste vi ge oss ut i verkligheten och möta de där 'trasslande' verksamhetsutövarna. Vid det första kurstillfället fick kursdeltagarna därför i uppgift att pröva de olika modellerna i sin vardag. Därefter träffades vi igen för att tillsammans reflektera över de vunna erfarenheterna. Genom att pröva modellerna i praktiken får man nya erfarenheter som gör det möjligt att reflektera över modellerna på nya sätt. Vi menar att ett kontinuerligt prövande varvat med samtal och reflektion, enskilt och tillsammans med andra inspektörer, är viktigt för att man ska kunna göra modellerna till sina 'egna' och fortsätta att utveckla sin kommunikativa kompetens

(Double) Standard Librarians. : Two case studies of librarians as motives and tools in film

This thesis focuses on fictious librarians in film. It uses three research questions: Firstly, how the movies make use of typical elements from movie genres and narrative modes in their portrayal of library work and librarians. Secondly, the way in which myths, stereotypes and ideas surrounding librarians and library work are used – typically or atypically – to build librarian characters and the narrative. Thirdly and lastly, it discusses the protagonists, focusing on their personalities and character arcs in relation to their role as librarians. The theoretical background departs partly in discourse surrounding librarian imagery in general, but also in film genre and mode theories. The thesis consists of two case studies, each focusing on one film, both with librarian protagonists. Even though this thesis focuses on them, the other librarian roles are also discussed, as well as the dynamics of the librarian teams. The two films discussed in this thesis are vastly different. One, Grabben i graven bredvid (2002), is a romantic relationship film with a female public librarian as protagonist, and the other, Bibliotekstjuven (2011), is a dark drama about a male research librarian turned book thief. Both films tie librarian myths to genre patterns: the single yet snotty female librarian is well fit as a romantic lead, and the male librarian as a pale, mysterious underdog makes a great villain protagonist. However, the films also present common themes and traits. Both librarian protagonists display elitism in relation to their professional identity, at the expense of their non-librarian partners. I argue that this is rooted in the historical idea of the librarian as a judgemental snob, but also that of librarians as ambiguous (and possibly false) “guardians” of the treasures of the library. Both librarian protagonists studied here lead double lives in one sense or another – most obvioulsy the book thief in Bibliotekstjuven, but also the confused female librarian in Grabben i graven bredvid who tries to hide her infatuation with a farmer from her colleagues. Some other results concern the use of the library as idea in relation to genre and mode elements. I argue, for example, that the Royal Library of Sweden in different stages of the narrative in Bibli- otekstjuven is not only a crime scene but also plays the part of a betrayed lover. This of course is connected to the societal role of libraries, in particular the relationship between “ordinary people” and libraries - a central theme in both films. One ends in a healing of a historic wound between a working man and an educated woman through love, while the other, in fact, ends in melodrama when the crime of stealing books is punished by death, yet also forgiven in an ideological sense given the protagonists humble beginnings and desperation. To conclude, both films thematise ideas surrounding personal morals, truth, social status and social justice, and do so through struggling librarian protagonists. Both films take place in worlds with a dual structure, where the fine world (represented by libraries) collides with the mundane, and the librarian protagonists try to navigate. Both films, finally, use librarian stereotypes to build the narratives – but they do not, apart from in a few scenes, reproduce them. This is a two years master’s thesis in library and information science

"Literature, Lies and the pursuit of Love" : "Writers, publishing and artistic ideals in five Swedish relationship films"

Den här uppsatsen ingår i det forskningsfält som undersöker hur konstnärer skildras i fiktion. Specifikt handlar den om författarroller på film, ett område som beforskats i såväl Tyskland som den anglosaxiska världen (kända exempel är Kirsten Netzows Schriftstellerfilme(2005) samt antologin The Writer on Film (2013)) men knappt alls i Sverige. Den kretsar därför kring svensk film, samtidigt som den anknyter till det internationella fältet. Undersökningen baseras på kunskap om genrer i svensk film samt litteratursociologiska perspektiv. I det senare skiljer den sig från det mesta inom området, inte minst i ambitionen att undersöka sociala och professionella sammanhang kring författarroller på film. Efter inledande breda kapitel om historia och ideal kring författarroller följer undersökningens djupanalyser, vilka fokuserar på filmer inom det spann som kallas relationsfilm. Detta begrepp spänner över en stor del av svensk filmhistoria som kännetecknas av fokus på romantik, familje- och vänskapsrelationer och dessas spänningar, problem och utveckling.        Som fallstudier har valts fem relationsfilmer från olika perioder i svensk filmhistoria: Thomas Graals bästa film (1917),En Kärleksnatt vid Öresund (1931),Vi tre debutera (1953),Känd från TV(2001) samt Kärlek Deluxe (2014).Samtliga dessa filmer har författare i bärande roller och skildrar samtidigt i någon mening händelser inom litteratursamhället, inte minst förlagsbranschen.         Materialet undersöks utifrån fem perspektiv, baserade i kunskap från befintlig forskning: Omgivningar; Genrer, modus och troper; Drivkraft och processer; Relationer samtIdeal och sensmoral.  I undersökningen diskuteras relationsfilmens konventioner såväl i relation till myter och traditioner kring författares kärleksliv som i anslutning till professionella relationer. Bland annat diskuteras tendensen att skildra litteratursamhället som en tudelad värld byggd på – till exempel - konkurrens mellan olika genrer, ”högt och lågt”, eller dolt och offentligt.      En av flera centrala slutsatser är att författarfilmer generellt möjliggör en extra dimension av berättande inom berättelsen, ofta i form av en bok som produceras under handlingens gång, och som förstärker och speglar filmhandlingen. I just relationsfilmer blir detta ett ytterligare lager av den identifikation med författarpositionen som åskådaren bjuds in till. Författarna i dessa filmer är, sammantaget, vardagliga gestalter med allmänmänskliga problem och egenskaper, men ges samtidigt – genom myter om yrket, berättandekonventioner kring kreativitet och skildringar av branschrelationer - fler dimensioner som gör dem till attraktiva protagonister i breda filmgenrer. Uppsatsens titel syftar på just denna balans mellan spänning och vardaglighet, som Anders Marklund kallat ”inte alltför främmande”.      Efter analyskapitlen och diskussionen följer också en skiss till en historik - utan minsta anspråk på fullständighet - över författare i svensk film. This thesis connects to the research field studying how artists are portrayed in fiction. Specifically, it deals with representations of writers and authorship in film, an area explored both in Germany and in the English speaking world (notable examples are Kirsten NetzowsSchriftstellerfilmefrom 2005 and the anthology The Writer on Filmfrom 2013) but hardly at all in Sweden. This thesis evolves around Swedish film, while also connecting to the international field.     The study is based in knowledge of genres in Swedish film in general as well as in literature sociology. In terms of the latter it differs from many contributions to the area, especially in the ambition to look at the social and professional contexts around the figure of the writer in film.      The initial broad chapters on writer history and myths are followed by five film studies, focusing on one film each within the genre known as ”relationship film” (relationsfilm): films focused on the tensions, problems and developments of romantic relationships as well as those of family and friendship. (The concept itself encompasses a large part of Swedish film history).       The five chosen case studies are relationship films from different eras of Swedish film history: Thomas Graals bästa film (1917),En Kärleksnatt vid Öresund (1931),Vi tre debutera (1953),Känd från TV(2001) and Kärlek Deluxe (2014).The films all feature writers as main or central characters while also depicting events within the world of literature, particularly the publishing industry. The analysis departs in five perspectives, based in existing research on the area: Environments (Omgivningar); Genres, modes and tropes(Genrer, modus och troper); Incentives and processes (Drivkraft och processer); Relations (Relationer) and Ideals and message (Ideal och sensmoral).       The analysis discusses the conventions of relationship films in connection to myths surrounding the love lives of writers as well as to professional relationships in the book trade. One example is the tendency to depict the world of literature as a divided, dual world built on competition between things like different genres, ”highbrow and lowbrow” material or public versus hidden aspects of the creative process.      One conclusion is that writer films in general enables an additional dimension of storytelling within the frame narrative, often in the shape of a book produced during the course of the film, which mirrors and strengthens the message and moral of the story. In relationship films in particular, this can serve to create an extra layer to the identification with the writer position into which the spectator is invited. Writers in these movies are, in general, everyday figures with common, relatable problems and characteristics, but at the same time – through myths about the profession and narrative conventions surrounding creativity - given additional dimensions which make them attractive as protagonists in popular film genres.The title of the thesis, which can roughly be translated as ”No total strangers”, is a paraphrase of the concept ”Inte alltför främmande” (”Not too strange”) by the Swedish movie and literature scholar Anders Marklund. It refers to a central feature of relationship films: the balance between making the central characters relatable and common, and at the same time interesting enough to provide some escapism. In this thesis, it refers to this balance in relation to fictional writers (and others in the book trade) in particular.      In addition to the chapters of analysis and the discussion, I have also included a first draft – without any claims of completeness - for a history of writers in Swedish film.

Stadsodlingens roll i den hållbara staden : En översiktlig rapport

Stadsodling är ett aktuellt ämne som är relativt outforskat. Världens städer växer i och med ökad urbanisering och befolkningstillväxt samtidigt som fossila bränslen och andra ändliga resurser sinar. Det innebär att sättet maten som konsumeras i städerna produceras på måste förändras, stadsodling kan vara en del av denna förändring. Den här rapporten syftar till att undersöka stadsodlingens roll i den hållbara staden – vilka ekonomiska, ekologiska och sociala effekter ger den upphov till och har den betydelse för stadens matbehov? I framtiden kommer matproduktionen att behöva öka för att mätta den ökande befolkningen. Att använda outnyttjade platser i städerna för odling kan minska behovet av att utöka andelen jordbruksmark, något som skulle innebära att värdefulla naturområden försvann. Stadsodling leder till minskade transporter, mindre användning av gifter i odlingen och en mer levande stad. Ökade grönområden bidrar till bättre luft, minskad översvämningsrisk vid häftiga regnväder och minskad värmeeffekt på sommaren. Gröna tak och väggar på byggnader fungerar isolerande och kan minska behovet av uppvärmning på vintern och kylning på sommaren. Stadsodling kan även öka biodiversiteten i städerna då pollinerare, fåglar och andra arter lockas av heterogena odlingar. Den har även positiva ekonomiska och sociala effekter. En stadsodlingsmarknad kan skapa nya arbetstillfällen och kollektivt skötta odlingar leder till tryggare områden då människor lär känna varandra. Stadsodlingar har även positiva pedagogiska effekter då stadsbor lär sig mer om livsmedelsproduktion och lokala ekosystem. Mycket tyder på att stadsodlingen har en viktig roll att spela i framtidens hållbara städer.Because of population growth and urbanization the population in cities all over the world is increasing, at the same time fossil fuels and other finite resources dwindle. This means that the way food is consumed and produced in cities today need to change and urban farming can be an important part of that change. This report aims to study the role of urban farming in the sustainable city. What ecological, economic and social effects does it contribute to and does it have important impact on the city's nutritional needs? In the future, food production will have to increase in order to feed the growing population. Using vacant places in the city for farming can decrease the need to expand the proportion of agricultural land, which might lead to loss of valuable natural areas. Urban farming lead to reduced transports, less use of pollutants in agriculture and a more vibrant city. More green areas in the cities are contributing to better air, reduced flood risk during heavy rain and reduced heat outputs in the summer. Green roof and walls work as isolation and can reduce the need of heating in winter and cooling in summer. Urban farming can also increase biodiversity in cities, because pollinators, birds and other species are attracted by heterogeneous cultures. Urban farming also has positive economic and social impacts. An increasing market for urban food and urban farming will create new jobs and collectively managed plantations leads to safer areas when people in the area get to know each other. Urban farming has positive educational effects; citizens learn more about food production and local ecosystems. Because of this, urban farming probably has an important role to play in sustainable cities in the future

Evaluating information visualization's impact on prostate cancer research workflow

Prostatacancer är en vanligt förekommande sjukdom i Sverige. För att få bukt med sjukdomen krävs att mer resurser sätts in för att effektivisera forskningen inom området. Ett samarbete mellan Karolinska Institutet, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan och Janssen- Cilag AB har resulterat i LUPA, ett informationsvisualiseringssystem, med ambitionen att åstadkomma en effektivare process för hypotesgenerering gällande prostatacancer. Det här projektet handlar om att validera systemets funktion för den tilltänkta målgruppen; det vill säga att göra hypotesgenereringsprocessen enklare och mer effektiv för forskare som arbetar med prostatacancerdata i Stockholms län. Från resultatet kan man se att ett informationsvisualiseringsverktyg skulle vara användbart för att effektivisera dagens cancerforskningsprocess. Tidsåtgången för nystartade projekts första grundläggande steg skulle kunna reduceras drastiskt, särskilt stegen för införskaffning av data och datamanipulation. Dessutom upplevdes systemet främja hypotesgenereringsprocessen genom enkelheten att kvickt generera nya visuella strukturer för olika variabler. Slutligen visade det här projektet att organiserad och ren rådata är sällsynt. Testdeltagarna uppskattade informationsvisualiseringen men såg mest potential i dess möjlighet att städa och strukturera data.Prostate cancer is a common disease in Sweden. In order to overcome the disease, more resources must be invested to streamline research in the field. A collaboration between Karolinska Institutet, the Royal Institute of Technology and Janssen-Cilag AB has resulted in LUPA, an information visualization system with the ambition of achieving a more efficient process for hypothesis generation regarding prostate cancer. This thesis project is about validating the system's function for the intended target group; that is, to make the hypothesis generation process simpler and more efficient for researchers working with prostate cancer data in Stockholm County. From the results, it can be seen that an information visualization tool would be useful to streamline the current cancer research process. The time required for the first basic steps of new projects could be drastically reduced, especially the steps for data acquisition and data manipulation. In addition, the system was perceived to promote the hypothesis generation process through the simple methods of quickly generating new visual structures for different variables. Finally, this project showed that organized and clean raw data is rare. The test participants appreciated the information visualization but saw the most potential in its ability to clean and structure data.

(Double) Standard Librarians. : Two case studies of librarians as motives and tools in film

This thesis focuses on fictious librarians in film. It uses three research questions: Firstly, how the movies make use of typical elements from movie genres and narrative modes in their portrayal of library work and librarians. Secondly, the way in which myths, stereotypes and ideas surrounding librarians and library work are used – typically or atypically – to build librarian characters and the narrative. Thirdly and lastly, it discusses the protagonists, focusing on their personalities and character arcs in relation to their role as librarians. The theoretical background departs partly in discourse surrounding librarian imagery in general, but also in film genre and mode theories. The thesis consists of two case studies, each focusing on one film, both with librarian protagonists. Even though this thesis focuses on them, the other librarian roles are also discussed, as well as the dynamics of the librarian teams. The two films discussed in this thesis are vastly different. One, Grabben i graven bredvid (2002), is a romantic relationship film with a female public librarian as protagonist, and the other, Bibliotekstjuven (2011), is a dark drama about a male research librarian turned book thief. Both films tie librarian myths to genre patterns: the single yet snotty female librarian is well fit as a romantic lead, and the male librarian as a pale, mysterious underdog makes a great villain protagonist. However, the films also present common themes and traits. Both librarian protagonists display elitism in relation to their professional identity, at the expense of their non-librarian partners. I argue that this is rooted in the historical idea of the librarian as a judgemental snob, but also that of librarians as ambiguous (and possibly false) “guardians” of the treasures of the library. Both librarian protagonists studied here lead double lives in one sense or another – most obvioulsy the book thief in Bibliotekstjuven, but also the confused female librarian in Grabben i graven bredvid who tries to hide her infatuation with a farmer from her colleagues. Some other results concern the use of the library as idea in relation to genre and mode elements. I argue, for example, that the Royal Library of Sweden in different stages of the narrative in Bibli- otekstjuven is not only a crime scene but also plays the part of a betrayed lover. This of course is connected to the societal role of libraries, in particular the relationship between “ordinary people” and libraries - a central theme in both films. One ends in a healing of a historic wound between a working man and an educated woman through love, while the other, in fact, ends in melodrama when the crime of stealing books is punished by death, yet also forgiven in an ideological sense given the protagonists humble beginnings and desperation. To conclude, both films thematise ideas surrounding personal morals, truth, social status and social justice, and do so through struggling librarian protagonists. Both films take place in worlds with a dual structure, where the fine world (represented by libraries) collides with the mundane, and the librarian protagonists try to navigate. Both films, finally, use librarian stereotypes to build the narratives – but they do not, apart from in a few scenes, reproduce them. This is a two years master’s thesis in library and information science