Corpus-based Lexicography for Sesotho

For centuries, dictionaries were compiled based upon the knowledge of the lexicographer and information retrieved from manually consulted sources, mainly through a process of reading and marking. This approach meant that much of the information used in the dictionary relied upon the knowledge of the lexicographer. It is vital to rely on the lexicographer’s knowledge of the language but this has its shortcomings, since there is no single individual who knows all the words or terms, their meanings and usage, the words they combine with, and so on, in a specific language. The utilization of this method left room for errors and omissions because the lexicographer could easily overlook some words due to factors like time, fatigue, limited knowledge of the lexicographer, etc. Important words, for example words likely to be looked for by the target users of the dictionary, could accidentally be omitted. In the 1980s, the corpus era was born and the lexicography field changed forever. Collins COBUILD in Birmingham spearheaded this era with the publication of the first corpus-based dictionary, the Collins COBUILD Dictionary in 1987. Since the corpus era began, lexicographers no longer rely solely on their knowledge of the language, intuition, or the limited information gathered from available written sources, which are very limited for African languages. The corpus allows the lexicographer to have access to huge volumes of authentic data from written texts and transcribed oral data. This research will therefore critically discuss dictionary compilation for Sesotho and spearhead the use of corpora in the compilation of Sesotho dictionaries, so that lexicographers do not compile dictionaries as if they are compiling the first dictionary for the language. In addition, they should take into account tasks like lexicographic planning, amongst other factors required to compile a good user-friendly dictionary. Key words Corpora, collocations, concordances, lexicography, lexicographical planning, microstructure, macrostructure, lemmatisation.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2018.African LanguagesMAUnrestricte

The Influence of Chemical Modification on Linker Rotational Dynamics in Metal–Organic Frameworks

The robust synthetic flexibility of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offers a promising class of tailorable materials, for which the ability to tune specific physicochemical properties is highly desired. This is achievable only through a thorough description of the consequences for chemical manipulations both in structure and dynamics. Magic angle spinning solid‐state NMR spectroscopy offers many modalities in this pursuit, particularly for dynamic studies. Herein, we employ a separated‐local‐field NMR approach to show how specific intraframework chemical modifications to MOF UiO‐66 heavily modulate the dynamic evolution of the organic ring moiety over several orders of magnitude.Ringrotationen in MOFs wurden in Festkörper‐NMR‐Experimenten unter Probenrotation um den magischen Winkel durch dipolare Dephasierung über die Rotorperiode detektiert. Informationen zur Dynamik in Metall‐organischen Gerüsten sind wichtig, weil die Geschwindigkeit der Rotationsbewegung des Linkers die Sorptions‐ und Trenneigenschaften von MOFs beeinflusst.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144665/1/ange201805004_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144665/2/ange201805004-sup-0001-misc_information.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144665/3/ange201805004.pd

Ultra-Fast Molecular Rotors within Porous Organic Cages

These include all the FIDs and raw NMR data published in the paper “Ultra-Fast Molecular Rotors within Porous Organic Cages”, Ashlea R. Hughes, et al., Chemistry – A European Journal., 2017. All NMR data were acquired with TopSpin 3.2. Please see the manuscript for more details

Essai de synthèse du diamant

A mechanical mixture composed of carbon monofluoride and copper has given rise to diamond when one has exploded it in a closed tube by applying a shock wave from without. The pressure and the duration of this shock amounted to 0.6 mega-bars and 10⁻¹² seconds, respectively. Diamond prepared here has been detected crystallographically by means of electron diffraction.On a obtenu du diamant en provoquant, au moyen d'une onde de choc externe, l'explosion d'un mélange mécanique de monofluorure de carbone et de cuivre contenu dans un tube fermé. La pression produite par cette onde de choc est de 0,6 . 10⁶ bars pendant 10⁻¹² secondes. Le diamant ainsi synthétisé a été caractérisé cristallographiquement par diffraction des rayons X.Yamaguchi Shigeto, Setaka Nobuo. Essai de synthèse du diamant. In: Bulletin de Minéralogie, volume 103, 1, 1980. pp. 120-121