La portada tardorrománica de San Vicente Mártir de Valencia

LA PRIMITIVA PORTADA PRINCIPAL DEL TEMPLO DEL ANTIGUO MONASTERIO DE SAN VICENTE MARTIR DE VALENCIA, CONSTITUYE UNO DE LOS ESCASOS EJEMPLOS DE LA ESCULTURA ARQUITECTONICA TARDORROMANICA VALENCIANA. MUY INTERESANTES ESTILISTICA E ICONOGRAFICAMENTE SON LOS RELIEVES DE SUS CAPITELES, EN LOS QUE SE REPRESENTAN ESCENAS DE LA HISTORIA Y MARTIRIO DEL SANTO. LOS RELIEVES DE SAN VICENTE, QUE REVELAN INFLUENCIAS ESTILISTICAS DE LOS TALLERES DE LA CATEDRAL DE LERIDA Y MUESTRAN SOBRE BASE ROMANICA CIERTOS RASGOS PROTOGOTICOS, PUEDEN DATARSE CON EL RESTO DE LA PORTADA ENTRE 1240 Y 1287 (ABC/LAG)

Space, Shape and Structure in the 50x50’ House by Mies van der Rohe

[EN] During the American stage of Mies the beauty of the constructive precision and the essentiality of space is emphasized, which subordinates the program to formal purity. Form is not invented, nor is it the corollary of function or technology, but is the result of placing transcendent and timeless values on secondary issues. The architect must establish an order that assures the formality of the work, but in modernity the systematic classicist rules no longer run. So the goodness of the result is a consequence of the ability of the architect and the user to share visual codes. The effort of Mies in this stage will be to establish certain certainties, universal and clear, developed around the relation among space, structure and shape. The Fifty by Fifty feet house marks a turning point in these intentions and points the path of his latest works.[ES] Durante la etapa americana de Mies se acentúa la belleza de la precisión constructiva y la esencialidad del espacio, lo que subordina el programa a la pureza formal. La forma no se inventa, ni es el corolario de la función o la tecnología, sino que es el resultado de anteponer valores trascendentes e intemporales sobre cuestiones secundarias. El arquitecto debe establecer un orden que afiance la formalidad de la obra, pero en la modernidad ya no rige la norma sistemática clasicista. Así que la bondad del resultado es consecuencia de la capacidad del arquitecto y del usuario para compartir códigos visuales. El esfuerzo de Mies en esta etapa será fijar algunas certezas, universales y claras, desarrolladas alrededor de la relación entre el espacio, la estructura y la forma. La casa 50x50 señala un punto de inflexión en dichas intenciones y marca el camino de sus últimas obras.Díaz Segura, A.; Serra Soriano, B.; Merí De La Maza, R. (2018). Espacio, Forma y Estructura en la casa 50x50' de Mies van der Rohe. VLC arquitectura. Research Journal. 5(2):175-202. doi:10.4995/vlc.2018.9928SWORD17520252Blake, Peter. Mies van der Rohe, Architecture and Structure. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1960.Blaser, Werner. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Gli arredi e gli spazi. Milano: Mondadori Electa, 2008.Carter, Peter. Mies van der Rohe trabajando. New York: Phaidon Press, 2006.Cervilla García, Alejandro. "El lenguaje de la estructura: Mies van der Rohe y la construcción con acero y hormigón." PhD. diss., Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 2015.Fanelli, Giovanni, and Roberto Gargiani. Storia dell'archittetura contemporanea. Spazio, struttura, involucro. Roma: Editori Laterza, 2005.Gastón Guirao, Cristina. Mies: el proyecto como revelación del lugar. Barcelona: Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, 2005.Giedion, Sigfried. La Arquitectura, fenómeno de transición. Las tres edades del espacio en Arquitectura. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1975.Giedion, Sigfried. Espacio, tiempo y arquitectura. Barcelona: Editorial Reverté, 2009.Johnson, Philip. Mies van der Rohe. Nueva York: Museum of Modern Art, 1947.Lambert, Phyllis. Mies in America. New York: Canadian Centre for Architecture & Whitney Museum of American Art, 2001.Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig. "A Chapel." Arts & Architecture Vol. 70, nº 1 (1953).Mantovani Genari, Eduardo. "Mies' Two-Way Span." PhD. diss., Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, 2015.Mantovani Genari, Eduardo. "Mies van der Rohe. Reconstrucción gráfica del edificio de oficinas Ron Bacardi." Arquitectura, Ciudad, Fotografía, ART nº 1 (2018).Marston Fitch, James (Ed.). Four great makers of Modern Architecture. Gropius, Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Wright. New York: School of Architecture of Columbia University, 1961.Neumeyer, Fritz. La palabra sin artificio. Madrid: El Croquis, 1995.Pevsner, Nikolaus. Historia de las tipologías arquitectónicas. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1979.Piñón, Helio. El formalismo esencial de la arquitectura moderna. Barcelona: Edicions UPC, 2008.Rowe, Colin (Ed.). Manierismo y arquitectura moderna y otros ensayos. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1999.Schulze, Franz. Mies van der Rohe. Una biografía crítica. Madrid: Hermann Blume, 1986.Schulze, Franz, and George E. Danforth (Ed.). The Mies van der Rohe archive: An illustrated catalogue of the Mies van der Rohe drawings in the Museum of Modern Art Volume XV. New York; London: Garland, 1992.Wagner, Walter. "Ludwig Mies van der Rohe." Architectural Record nº 146 (September 1969)

The contributions of Gropius and Wachsmann to the timber house industry

[EN] Walter Gropius and Konrad Wachsmann made a significant contribution to the housing prefabrication industry. After the Second World War, they set principles that have served as a basis for continuous revisions in the interests of optimising the industry. The Packaged Houses are a research that shows a continuous review of the processes and constructive systems of prefabricated houses. This article tries to study (following a chronological criterion and focused on the context of this type of construction) the experience of Gropius and Wachsmann and their contributions as a basis for other investigations that, even today, continue their course.[ES] Walter Gropius y Konrad Wachsmann realizaron una aportación de notable relevancia a la industria de la prefabricación de la vivienda. Sentaron unos principios que, tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial, han servido de base sobre la que realizar continuas revisiones en pro de una optimización de la industria. Las Packaged Houses son una experiencia que manifiesta una continua revisión de los procesos y los sistemas constructivos de viviendas prefabricadas. Este artículo trata de estudiar (siguiendo un criterio cronológico y centrado en el contexto de ese tipo de construcción) la experiencia de Gropius y Wachsmann y sus aportaciones como base de otras investigaciones que, incluso hoy en día, continúan su curso.Universidad CEU Cardenal HerreraSerra Soriano, B.; Díaz Segura, A.; Merí De La Maza, R. (2021). Las aportaciones de Gropius y Wachsmann a la industria de las casas de madera. VLC arquitectura. Research Journal. 8(1):31-60. https://doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2021.11842OJS316081Argan, G. Walter Gropius y la Bauhaus. Madrid: Abada Editores, 2006.Cassinello, P. "Eduardo Torroja y la industrialización de la machine à habiter 1949-1961." Informes de la Construcción 60, no. 512 (2008). https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.08.031Fernández Rodríguez, L., and Soler Monrabal, C. "El General Panel System de Konrad Wachsmann y Walter Gropius, 1941." In Proceedings of the seventh national congress on the history of construction. Santiago, 26-29 October 2011. Madrid: Instituto Juan de Herrera, 2011.Ford, E. R. The Details of Modern Architecture. Vol. 1. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1990.Giedion, S. Walter Gropius. New York: Dover Publications, 1992.Gutiérrez Calderón, P. "Una casa para Einstein: Konrad Wachsmann y la evolución de un modelo prefabricado desde las casas Christoph & Unmack A.G. al General Panel System." In International Conference on Construction Research of the Eduardo Torroja Institute. Housing: past, present and future, November 2013. Madrid: Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja, 2013.Herbert, G. The Dream of the Factory-Made House. Walter Gropius and Konrad Wachsmann. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1984. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2494.001.0001Imperiale, A. "An American Wartime Dream: The Packaged House System of Konrad Wachsmann and Walter Gropius." In Proceedings 2012 ACSA Fall Conference, 27-29th September 2012. Philadelphia: Temple University, 2012.Lupfer, G., and P. Sigel. Gropius. Berlin: Taschen GmbH, 2006.Nelson, G. "Architects of Europe today." Pencil Points 17, no. 8 (August 1936): 429Nerdinger, W. Walter Gropius. Opera completa. Milano: Electa Spa, 1998.Norberg-Schulz, C. Los principios de la arquitectura moderna. Barcelona: Editorial Reverté, 2005.Pehnt, W. "Gropius the Romantic." Art Bulletin 53, no. 3 (September 1971): 384. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043079.1971.10790510Wachsmann, K. Building the wooden house. Technique and design. Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag, 1995.Wachsmann, K. "Seven Theses." In Rethinking Technology. A reader in architectural theory, edited by W. W. Braham and J. A. Hale. New York: Routledge, 2007.Weber, N. The Bauhaus Group. Six Masters of Modernism. New York: Yale University Press, 2009.Wingler, H. Bauhaus. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1969

Antecedentes y aportaciones en las utopías materializadas de Le Corbusier en Lège y Pessac

[ES] De uno de los textos más influyentes en la historia de la arquitectura moderna (Vers une architecture, 1923) surgió una notable propuesta sobre industrialización que, más allá del resultado, permitió llevar a la práctica varios de los conceptos teóricos que agitaban la mente y los trazos del maestro suizo Le Corbusier. Las actuaciones en Lège y Pessac surgieron como combinación de la lectura de aquel texto y de la voluntad por construir aquellos ideales proclamados. Para investigar este encargo de Henri Frugès y sus consecuencias, es necesario recorrer las razones y los hechos previos que marcaron la trayectoria hacia su materialización.[EN] From one of the most influential texts in the history of modern architecture (Vers une architecture, 1923) a remarkable proposal about industrialization emerged and, beyond the outcome, allowed to materialize several of the theoretical concepts that worried the mind and the drawing strokes of the Swiss master Le Corbusier. The works in Lège and Pessac arose as an opportunity to construct the ideas of that text and materialize the proclaimed ideals. To investigate this order by Henri Frugès and the consequences of it, it is necessary to review the reasons and previous events which marked the path towards its materialization.[FR] De l’un des textes les plus influents de l’histoire de l’architecture moderne (Vers une architecture, 1923) a émergé une remarquable proposition d’industrialisation qui, au-delà du résultat, a permis de mettre en pratique plusieurs des concepts théoriques qui ont agité l’esprit et les traits du maître suisse Le Corbusier. Les performances de Lège et Pessac se sont présentées comme l’occasion de donner une forme construite à ce texte et de matérialiser les idéaux proclamés. Pour en savoir plus sur cette commande d’Henri Frugès et ses conséquences, il faut passer en revue les raisons et les événements antérieurs qui ont marqué le chemin vers sa matérialisation.Serra Soriano, B.; Díaz Segura, A. (2021). Antecedentes y aportaciones en las utopías materializadas de Le Corbusier en Lège y Pessac. LC. Revue de recherches sur Le Corbusier. 0(4):112-131. https://doi.org/10.4995/lc.2021.14496OJS11213104AA.VV. Le Corbusier 1887-1965. Milano: Electa, 2001 (5ª edición).BAAS, Christopher. "Concrete in the Steel City. Constructing Thomas Edison's House for the Working Man". Inidana Magazine of History, 108 (Sept. 2012). https://doi.org/10.5378/indimagahist.108.3.0245BEMIS, Albert Farwell. The Evolving House. Rational Design. Vol. III. Cambridge: The Technology Press, 1936.BENTON, Tim. "From Jeanneret to Le Corbusier: Rusting Iron, Bricks and Coal and the Modern Utopia", en Massilia, 2003. Anuario de estudios lecorbuserianos. Barcelona: Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, 2003.BENTON, Tim. "Pessac and Lège revisited: standards, dimensions and failures", en Massilia, 2004. Anuaire d'etudes corbuseennes. Sant Cugat del Vallès: Associació d'Idees, 2004.BENTON, Tim. The Villas of Le Corbusier. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.BENTON, Tim; COHEN, Jean-Louis y Phaidon Editors: Le Corbusier: Le Grand. London: Phaidon Press Limited, 2008.BERGDOLL, Barry and CHRISTENSEN, Peter. Home delivery: fabricating the modern dwelling. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2008.BOESIGER, W. y GIRSBERGER, H. Le Corbusier. 1910-1965. Barcelona: Editorial Gustavo Gili, 2001.BOUDON, Philippe. Lived-in Architecture; Pessac Revisited. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1972.BROOKS, H. Allen. Le Corbusier's formative years. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997.CALAFELL, Eduard. Las Unités d'habitation de Le Corbusier. Barcelona: Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, 2000.CHARLTON, Brian. "Cement City". Western Pennsylvania Histori, Fall 2013.COHEN, Jean-Louis. Le Corbusier (1887-1965). El lirismo de la arquitectura en la era mecánica. Köln: Taschen GmbH, 2006.COLLINS, Peter. Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture. Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2004.CORRES ÁLVAREZ, Elena. El proyecto Dom-ino. Tesis Doctoral inédita. Universidad de Sevilla, Escuela Superior de Arquitectura. Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos, 2001.CURTIS, William. "The Classical Ideas of Le Corbusier", The Architectural Review, octubre 2011.EDISON, Thomas A. Process of constructing concrete buildings.U.S. Patent no. 1.219.272. United States: U.S. Patent Office, 1918.FRAMPTON, Kenneth. Estudios sobre cultura tectónica. Madrid: Ediciones Akal, 1999.GIEDION, Sigfried: Space, Time and Architecture. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1941.GREGH, Eleanor. "The Dom-ino Idea", Oppositions, nº 15-16 New York: Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies, 1979.Le Corbusier Plans. (16 DVDs). Paris: Echelle-1/Fondation Le Corbusier, 2005-2008.LE CORBUSIER. El espíritu nuevo en arquitectura. Murcia: Colegio Oficial de Aparejadores y Arquitectos Técnicos de la Región de Murcia, 2005.LE CORBUSIER. Le Corbusier et Pierre Jeanneret. Oeuvre Complète 1910-1929. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Le Modulor. París: Éditions de l'Architecture d'aujourd d'hui, 1950. (Trad. esp.: El Modulor I. Buenos Aires: Editorial Poseidón, 1953).LE CORBUSIER. Oeuvre Complète 1929-1934. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Oeuvre Complète 1934-1938. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Oeuvre Complète 1938-1946. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Oeuvre Complète 1946-1952. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Oeuvre Complète. Les dernières Oeuvres. Zurich: Les Éditions d'Architecture, 1995.LE CORBUSIER. Precisiones. Respecto a un estado actual de la arquitectura y el urbanismo. Barcelona: Ediciones Apóstrofe, S.L., 1999.LE CORBUSIER. Vers une architecture. París: Les Éditions G. Crés et Cie., 1923. (Trad. esp.: Hacia una arquitectura. Barcelona: Ed. Poseidón, 1977).LUCAN, Jacques (dir.). Le Corbusier. Une encyclopédie. Paris: Éditions du Centre Pompidou/CCI, 1987.MOOS, Stanislaus von. Le Corbusier. Elements of a Synthesis. Cambridge: MIT Press., 1979.MOOS, Stanislaus von. Le Corbusier. L' architecture et son mythe. París: Ed. Horions de France, 1970.PLACZEK, Adolf K. Four great makers of modern architecture. New York: Da Capo Press, 1963.RAMÍREZ, JUAN ANTONIO. La metáfora de la colmena. De Gaudí a Le Corbusier. Madrid: Editorial Siruela, 1998.SAMBRICIO, Carlos. L'Habitation Minimum. Edición Facsímil de la de Julius Hoffmann de 1933. Zaragoza: Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Aragón, 1997.SIMONNET, Cyrille. Hormigón: historia de un material. DonostiaSan Sebastián: Editorial Nerea, 2009.TAYLOR, B.B. Le Corbusier et Pessac (tomes 1 et 2). Paris: Fondation Le Corbusier, 1972.TORRES CUECO, Jorge. Le Corbusier: visiones de la técnica en cinco tiempos. Barcelona: Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, 2004.TURNER, Paul V. The Education of Le Corbusier. New York and London: Garland Publishing Inc., 1977.TZONIS, Alexander. Le Corbusier: the poetics of machine and metaphor. New York: Universe, 2001

A conserved motif in three viral movement proteins from different genera is required for host factor recruitment and cell-to-cell movement

[EN] Due to their minimal genomes, plant viruses are forced to hijack specific cellular pathways to ensure host colonization, a condition that most frequently involves physical interaction between viral and host proteins. Among putative viral interactors are the movement proteins, responsible for plasmodesma gating and genome binding during viral transport. Two of them, DGBp1 and DGBp2, are required for alpha-, beta- and gammacarmovirus cell-to-cell movement, but the number of DGBp-host interactors identified at present is limited. By using two different approaches, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, we found three Arabidopsis factors, eIF3g1, RPP3A and WRKY36, interacting with DGBp1s from each genus mentioned above. eIF3g1 and RPP3A are mainly involved in protein translation initiation and elongation phases, respectively, while WRKY36 belongs to WRKY transcription factor family, important regulators of many defence responses. These host proteins are not expected to be associated with viral movement, but knocking out WRKY36 or silencing either RPP3A or eIF3g1 negatively affected Arabidopsis infection by Turnip crinkle virus. A highly conserved FNF motif at DGBp1 C-terminus was required for protein-protein interaction and cell-to-cell movement, suggesting an important biological role.We thank Dr. Anne Simon and Dr. Steve A. Lommel for providing an infectious cDNA clone of the Turnip crinkle virus strain M (TCV-M) and PZP-TCV-sGFP plasmid, respectively. This work was funded by grant BIO2017-88321-R from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). J.A.N. and M.S.-S. are the recipients of a postdoctoral contract and a PhD fellowship from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades of Spain.Navarro Bohigues, JA.; Serra-Soriano, M.; Corachán Valencia, L.; Pallás Benet, V. (2020). 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Virus-induced silencing of the WRKY1 transcription factor that interacts with the SL1 structure of Potato virus X leads to higher viral RNA accumulation and severe necrotic symptoms. Plant Pathol. J. 28, 40–48 (2012).Gao, R., Liu, P., Yong, Y. & Wong, S. M. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis reveals correlation between higher WRKY61 expression and reduced symptom severity in Turnip crinkle virus infected Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci. Rep. 6, 24604 (2016).Zou, L. et al. Transcription factor WRKY30 mediates resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus in Arabidopsis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 517, 118–124 (2019).Huang, Y. et al. Members of WRKY Group III transcription factors are important in TYLCV defense signaling pathway in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). BMC Genomics 17, 788 (2016).Besseau, S., Li, J. & Palva, E. T. WRKY54 and WRKY70 co-operate as negative regulators of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. J. Exp. Bot. 63, 2667–2679 (2012).Yan, L. et al. 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Hydraulic transient in residential buildings with a direct pump connection

This paper consists of an experimental and numerical study into transient behaviour in a residential building. The analysed effects occur by centrifugal pumps when they start with a direct supply (fixed-speed pumps are connected to the service pipe without an atmospheric tank). Direct supply increases the transient effect and places higher demands on the water main. The properties of such an installation were analysed using a hydraulic model in order to detect the most unfavourable scenario. The results were compared to experimental data. Basic hydraulics demonstrates that a pressure drop occurs during the startup. The magnitude mainly depends on the pump capacity. But, numerical and field results show that other variables related to service pipe design could also negatively affect the pressure surge. The study provides water utilities with information about the influence of the different variables on pressure surge magnitude and basic design criteria to minimize these effects.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of the Spanish Government under Grant No CGL2005-03666.Soriano Olivares, J.; Arregui De La Cruz, F.; Espert Alemany, VB.; García-Serra García, J. (2014). Hydraulic transient in residential buildings with a direct pump connection. Urban Water Journal. 2014:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2014.989860S1132014Basupi, I., Kapelan, Z., & Butler, D. (2013). Reducing life-cycle carbon footprint in the (re)design of water distribution systems using water demand management interventions. Urban Water Journal, 11(2), 91-107. doi:10.1080/1573062x.2012.750374Bergant, A., Tijsseling, A. S., Vítkovský, J. P., Covas, D. I. C., Simpson, A. R., & Lambert, M. F. (2008). Parameters affecting water-hammer wave attenuation, shape and timing—Part 1: Mathematical tools. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 46(3), 373-381. doi:10.3826/jhr.2008.2848Cantor, K. P., Lynch, C. F., Hildesheim, M., Dosemeci, M., Lubin, J., Alavanja, M., & Craun, G. (1998). Drinking Water Source and Chlorination Byproducts I. Risk of Bladder Cancer. Epidemiology, 9(1), 21-28. doi:10.1097/00001648-199801000-00007Clark, R. M., Sivaganesan, M., Selvakumar, A., & Sethi, V. (2002). Cost Models for Water Supply Distribution Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 128(5), 312-321. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2002)128:5(312)Colombo, A. F., Lee, P., & Karney, B. W. (2009). A selective literature review of transient-based leak detection methods. Journal of Hydro-environment Research, 2(4), 212-227. doi:10.1016/j.jher.2009.02.003Courtis, B. J., West, J. R., & Bridgeman, J. (2009). Chlorine demand-based predictive modeling of THM formation in water distribution networks. Urban Water Journal, 6(6), 407-415. doi:10.1080/15730620903038461Covas, D., Stoianov, I., Ramos, H., Graham, N., Maksimović, Č., & Butler, D. (2004). Water hammer in pressurized polyethylene pipes: conceptual model and experimental analysis. Urban Water Journal, 1(2), 177-197. doi:10.1080/15730620412331289977Criminisi, A., Fontanazza, C. M., Freni, G., & Loggia, G. L. (2009). Evaluation of the apparent losses caused by water meter under-registration in intermittent water supply. Water Science and Technology, 60(9), 2373-2382. doi:10.2166/wst.2009.423Davis, A. (2004). Hydraulic transients in transmission and distribution systems. Urban Water Journal, 1(2), 157-166. doi:10.1080/15730620412331289968De Marchis, M., Fontanazza, C. M., Freni, G., La Loggia, G., Napoli, E., & Notaro, V. (2010). A model of the filling process of an intermittent distribution network. Urban Water Journal, 7(6), 321-333. doi:10.1080/1573062x.2010.519776Fontanazza, C. M., Notaro, V., Puleo, V., & Freni, G. (2014). The apparent losses due to metering errors: a proactive approach to predict losses and schedule maintenance. Urban Water Journal, 12(3), 229-239. doi:10.1080/1573062x.2014.882363Golfinopoulos, S. K. (2000). The occurrence of trihalomethanes in the drinking water in Greece. Chemosphere, 41(11), 1761-1767. doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00062-xHua, F., West, J. ., Barker, R. ., & Forster, C. . (1999). Modelling of chlorine decay in municipal water supplies. Water Research, 33(12), 2735-2746. doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00519-3Jung, B. S., & Karney, B. (2004). Fluid transients and pipeline optimization using GA and PSO: the diameter connection. Urban Water Journal, 1(2), 167-176. doi:10.1080/15730620412331289995Kanakoudis, V., & Muhammetoglu, H. (2013). Urban Water Pipe Networks Management Towards Non-Revenue Water Reduction: Two Case Studies from Greece and Turkey. CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water, 42(7), 880-892. doi:10.1002/clen.201300138Kanakoudis, V., & Papadopoulou, A. (2014). Allocating the cost of the carbon footprint produced along a supply chain, among the stakeholders involved. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 5(4), 556-568. doi:10.2166/wcc.2014.101Kanakoudis, V., & Tsitsifli, S. (2010). Results of an urban water distribution network performance evaluation attempt in Greece. Urban Water Journal, 7(5), 267-285. doi:10.1080/1573062x.2010.509436Kirmeyer, G.J., Richards, W., and Dery-Smith, C., 1994. An assessment of water distribution systems and associated needs.Report of the American Water Work. Denver, CO: Association Research Foundation.Kitis, M., Yigita, N. O., Harmana, B. I., Muhammetoglu, H., Muhammetoglu, A., Karadirek, I. E., … Palancic, I. (2010). Occurrence of Trihalomethanes in Chlorinated Groundwaters with Very Low Natural Organic Matter and Bromide Concentrations. Environmental Forensics, 11(3), 264-274. doi:10.1080/15275922.2010.495935Levesque, S., Rodriguez, M. J., Serodes, J., Beaulieu, C., & Proulx, F. (2006). Effects of indoor drinking water handling on trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. Water Research, 40(15), 2921-2930. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.06.004Mohamed, H. I., & Gad, A. A. M. (2011). Effect of Cold-Water Storage Cisterns on Drinking-Water Quality. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 137(5), 448-455. doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000132Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. (2000). Chlorination disinfection byproducts in water and their association with adverse reproductive outcomes: a review. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 57(2), 73-85. doi:10.1136/oem.57.2.73Pezzinga, G. (2000). Evaluation of Unsteady Flow Resistances by Quasi-2D or 1D Models. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 126(10), 778-785. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2000)126:10(778)Rodriguez, M. J., Sérodes, J.-B., & Levallois, P. (2004). Behavior of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in a drinking water distribution system. Water Research, 38(20), 4367-4382. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.08.018Rossman, L. A., Clark, R. M., & Grayman, W. M. (1994). Modeling Chlorine Residuals in Drinking‐Water Distribution Systems. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 120(4), 803-820. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1994)120:4(803)Schafer, C. A., & Mihelcic, J. R. (2012). Effect of storage tank material and maintenance on household water quality. Journal - American Water Works Association, 104(9), E521-E529. doi:10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0125Soyupak, S., Kilic, H., Karadirek, I. E., & Muhammetoglu, H. (2011). On the usage of artificial neural networks in chlorine control applications for water distribution networks with high quality water. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua, 60(1), 51-60. doi:10.2166/aqua.2011.086Tamari, S., & Ploquet, J. (2012). Determination of leakage inside buildings with a roof tank. Urban Water Journal, 9(5), 287-303. doi:10.1080/1573062x.2012.660959Thorley, A.R.D., 2004. Fluid Transients in Pipeline Systems. London: Professional Engineering Publishing.Tsukamoto, H., & Ohashi, H. (1982). Transient Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump During Starting Period. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 104(1), 6-13. doi:10.1115/1.3240859Villanueva, C. ., Kogevinas, M., & Grimalt, J. . (2003). Haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes in finished drinking waters from heterogeneous sources. Water Research, 37(4), 953-958. doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00411-6Wilo, A. (2007). Intelligent pumps for building automation systems. World Pumps, 2007(490), 26-32. doi:10.1016/s0262-1762(07)70252-3Woolschlager, J., Rittmann, B., & Piriou, P. (2005). Water quality decay in distribution systems – problems, causes, and new modeling tools. Urban Water Journal, 2(2), 69-79. doi:10.1080/15730620500144027Wylie, E.B. and Streeter, V.L., 1993. Fluid Transients in Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall

Tecnología industrial y espacio sacro. Iglesia de Baranzate 1957

[EN] In Baranzate a church is erected designed with four concrete pilasters, bush-hammered by hand to give the rough appearance needed to contrast it against the fi neness of the board that supports them; a cover with a prefabricated and post-tensioned section. A system which frees up the enclosure from the structural work and defi nes itself as a fi ne element of thin double transparent glass. A dialogue between the lightweight and thin light box and a concrete structure with texture and volume. An encounter between two materials addressed by A.Manigiarotti and B. Morassutti with the most current advanced technology.[ES] En Baranzate se levanta una iglesia concebida con cuatro pilastras de hormigón, abujardado a mano para otorgarle el aspecto rugoso necesario por el contraste a la fi nura del tablero que soportan; una cubierta de secciones prefabricadas y pos-tesadas. Un sistema que libera al cerramiento del trabajo estructural defi niéndose como elemento fi no de doble vidrio transparente. Un diálogo entre la ligera y fi na caja de luz y una estructura con textura y volumen en hormigón. Un encuentro entre dos materiales abordados por A. Mangiarotti y B. Morassutti con las técnicas más avanzadas del momento.Mocholí Ferrándiz, G.; Serra Soriano, B.; Verdejo Gimeno, P. (2013). Tecnología industrial y espacio sacro. Iglesia de Baranzate 1957. EN BLANCO. Revista de Arquitectura. 5(11):26-29. doi:10.4995/eb.2013.6625SWORD262951

Bayesian K-SVD for H and E blind color deconvolution. Applications to stain normalization, data augmentation and cancer classification

This work was supported by project PID2019-105142RB-C22 funded by MCIN / AEI / 10.13039 / 501100011033, Spain, and project P20_00286 funded by FEDER /Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Spain. The work by Fernando Pérez-Bueno was sponsored by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad , Spain, under FPI contract BES-2017-081584 . Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA, Spain.Stain variation between images is a main issue in the analysis of histological images. These color variations, produced by different staining protocols and scanners in each laboratory, hamper the performance of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems that are usually unable to generalize to unseen color distributions. Blind color deconvolution techniques separate multi-stained images into single stained bands that can then be used to reduce the generalization error of CAD systems through stain color normalization and/or stain color augmentation. In this work, we present a Bayesian modeling and inference blind color deconvolution framework based on the K-Singular Value Decomposition algorithm. Two possible inference procedures, variational and empirical Bayes are presented. Both provide the automatic estimation of the stain color matrix, stain concentrations and all model parameters. The proposed framework is tested on stain separation, image normalization, stain color augmentation, and classification problems.CBUAJunta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y UniversidadesFamily Process Institute BES-2017-081584Universidad de GranadaEuropean Regional Development FundMinisterio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de EspañaAgencia Estatal de Investigación P20_0028

Use of a Customized Device for Correction of Antebrachial Angular Deformity in a Dog

Angular deformity is a common condition in dogs that can cause serious malformations and is a challenge for surgeons to correct. A 15-month- old male Saint Bernard was evaluated due toright foreleg lameness. Orthopedic examination revealed a valgus deformity with external rotation and anteversion of the forelimb. Carpal examination revealedthe decreased range of motion with slight disturbances in carpal flexion. Radiography of both forelimbs showed angular deviation because of possible premature physeal closure of the distal ulnar growth plate.Surgical intervention was selected to correct the angular deformity. A closed-wedge osteotomy was planned using 3D reconstruction, obtained via computed tomography (CT). In order to accomplish this, a custom-made device was developed to aid the surgeon in establishing the position and orientation of the cutting planes during the intervention.Long-term follow-up obtained 3 years after surgery revealed the correct ossification of the osteotomy and complete resolution of lameness. The main advantages of using a customized device obtained from 3D CT include the predictability and accuracy of the method. The device allows for correction of atriple-axis angular long bone deviation, with full opposition between the bone fragments after osteotomy and minor loss of length of the limb.Ciencias Experimentale

Outcome quality standards in advanced ovarian cancer surgery

Advanced ovarian cancer surgery (AOCS) frequently results in serious postoperative complications. Because managing AOCS is difficult, some standards need to be established that allow surgeons to assess the quality of treatment provided and consider what aspects should improve. This study aimed to identify quality indicators (QIs) of clinical relevance and to establish their acceptable quality limits (i.e., standard) in AOCS