Study of the tibial rotational deviation

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the postoperative rotational deviation of diaphyseal tibial fractures in patients treated with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing and bridge plate, using computerized tomography for measurement. METHOD: one hundred and thirteen patients with diaphyseal tibial fractures were treated; 42 fractures were treated with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing, and 71 fractures were treated with bridge plate. Tibial rotation measurements were obtained by using the CT scan. All of the fractures were classified by the AO scale, by their presentation (closed and open) and the percentage of deviation on internal and external rotation. RESULTS: no significant difference in tibial rotation was found as a function of fracture location, internal or external rotation, and types A or B of fractures. However, in the case of type C fractures and open fractures, the treatment with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing resulted in a much smaller rotation in comparison to the treatment with bridge plate (p = 0.028 and p = 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: rotational deviations, regardless of the location of the diaphyseal tibial fractures, are associated to the trauma energy, thus presenting a greater challenge to control it by using the bridge plate.OBJETIVO: avaliar o desvio rotacional pós-operatório das fraturas diafisárias da tíbia de pacientes tratadas com haste intramedular bloqueada não-fresada e placa em ponte, utilizando a tomografia computadorizada. MÉTODOS: foram tratados 113 pacientes com fraturas diafisárias da tíbia, sendo que em 42 fraturas os autores utilizaram haste intramedular bloqueada e em 71 foram utilizadas placa em ponte. O método tomográfico utilizado ara se obter as medidas da rotação tibial. Foi empregada a classificação AO das fraturas; à exposição: fechadas e expostas e a percentagem de desvios em rotação interna e externa. RESULTADOS: foi demonstrado não haver diferença significativa de rotação tibial nos seguintes parâmetros analisados: localização, rotação interna ou externa e nos tipos A e B da classificação AO. Porém, nas fraturas do tipo C e nas fraturas expostas, a haste intramedular bloqueada apresentou diferença rotacional significativamente menor (p = 0,028) e (p = 0,05), quando comparada à placa em ponte. CONCLUSÃO: independente da localização das fraturas diafisárias da tíbia, os desvios rotacionais estão relacionados à energia do trauma, apresentando uma maior dificuldade de controle com a técnica placa em ponte.Hospital Santa Teresa Prof. Dr. Donato D'Ângelo Serviço de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUFRJ Faculdade de MedicinaHospital de IpanemaUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Ortopedia e TraumatologiaSciEL

Methods and approaches for blind test predictions of out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls: a numerical comparative study

Earthquakes cause severe damage to masonry structures due to inertial forces acting in the normal direction to the plane of the walls. The out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls is complex and depends on several parameters, such as material and geometric properties of walls, connections between structural elements, the characteristics of the input motions, among others. Different analytical methods and advanced numerical modeling are usually used for evaluating the out-of-plane behavior of masonry structures. Furthermore, different types of structural analysis can be adopted for this complex behavior, such as limit analysis, pushover, or nonlinear dynamic analysis.Aiming to evaluate the capabilities of different approaches to similar problems, blind predictions were made using different approaches. For this purpose, two idealized structures were tested on a shaking table and several experts on masonry structures were invited to present blind predictions on the response of the structures, aiming at evaluating the available tools for the out-of-plane assessment of masonry structures. This article presents the results of the blind test predictions and the comparison with the experimental results, namely in terms of formed collapsed mechanisms and control outputs (PGA or maximum displacements), taking into account the selected tools to perform the analysis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Crescimento e composição química de dez espécies de microalgas marinhas em cultivos estanques Growth and chemical composition of ten species of marine microalgae in batch cultures

Microalgas apresentam diversas aplicações econômicas consagradas, como usos na aquicultura e na indústria de alimentos, havendo buscas por novos usos, como a geração de biomassa para produção de biodiesel. As possíveis aplicações estão diretamente relacionadas à taxa de crescimento e ao perfil químico das espécies. Assim, a seleção de condições que promovam o aproveitamento da biomassa algácea é fundamental para sua utilização econômica. Neste estudo, 10 espécies de microalgas marinhas foram cultivadas e comparadas quanto ao crescimento e à composição química. Foram observadas diferenças na velocidade de crescimento, com espécies de células menores crescendo mais rapidamente que microalgas maiores. Teores de proteínas, carboidratos, lipídeos e pigmentos fotossintetizantes variaram amplamente entre as espécies, sendo as proteínas as substâncias mais abundantes. Todas as espécies apresentaram concentrações de ácidos aminados semelhantes, sendo os ácidos aspártico e glutâmico os mais abundantes. Algumas espécies apresentaram altas concentrações de ácidos graxos de importância econômica, como os ácidos eicosapentaenoico e linoleico. O balanço dos resultados indica que há poucas tendências gerais relacionadas a grandes grupos taxonômicos.Microalgae show several economic applications, such as uses in aquaculture and in food industry, and there is a search for new uses, such as the biomass production to convert into biodiesel. All possible applications are directly linked to growth rate and the chemical profile of the species. Thus, the selection of conditions to promote a better use of algal biomass is fundamental for economic purposes. In this study, 10 species of marine microalgae were cultured and compared for growth and chemical composition. Remarkable differences of growth performance have been observed, with species with small cell volumes growing faster than species with large cell volumes. Levels of protein, carbohydrate, lipid and photosynthetic pigments varied widely, and proteins were identified as the most abundant substances. Some species showed high concentrations of fatty acids of economic importance, such as eicosapentaenoic and linoleic acids. The concentrations of amino acids were similar among species. In all microalgae, glutamic and aspartic acids were the most abundant amino acids. An overall evaluation of the results indicates that few general trends related to the taxonomy of algal groups were recognized

Purification and characterization of a Kunitz inhibitor from Poincianella pyramidalis with insecticide activity against the Mediterranean flour moth

CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINEP - FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOSFUNDECT - FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO ENSINO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SULThis paper describes the characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from Poincianella pyramidalis seeds (PpyTI). The partial sequencing of PpyTI revealed homology to Kunitz inhibitors, clustered as a member of Family 103 in MEROPS database. PpyTI has a single polypeptide chain of 19,042 Da and presents stability at high temperatures (up to 70 degrees C) and a wide range of pH. In vitro assays showed that disulfide bridges have an important stabilization role of reactive site in PpyTI, a characteristic shared among several Kunitz inhibitors. Bioassays carried out with the Mediterranean flour moth (Anagasta kuehniella) revealed a significant decrease in both larval weight and survival of PpyTI-fed larvae, besides a larval stage extension. Through biochemical analysis, we demonstrated that the PpyTI insecticide effects were triggered by digestion process commitment, through the inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin activities, the major digestive enzymes in this species. The insecticide effects and biochemical characterization of PpyTI encourage further studies using this inhibitor for insect pest control. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.This paper describes the characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from Poincianella pyramidalis seeds (PpyTI). The partial sequencing of PpyTI revealed homology to Kunitz inhibitors, clustered as a member of Family 103 in MEROPS database. PpyTI has a single polypeptide chain of 19,042 Da and presents stability at high temperatures (up to 70 degrees C) and a wide range of pH. In vitro assays showed that disulfide bridges have an important stabilization role of reactive site in PpyTI, a characteristic shared among several Kunitz inhibitors. Bioassays carried out with the Mediterranean flour moth (Anagasta kuehniella) revealed a significant decrease in both larval weight and survival of PpyTI-fed larvae, besides a larval stage extension. Through biochemical analysis, we demonstrated that the PpyTI insecticide effects were triggered by digestion process commitment, through the inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin activities, the major digestive enzymes in this species. The insecticide effects and biochemical characterization of PpyTI encourage further studies using this inhibitor for insect pest control11819CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINEP - FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOSFUNDECT - FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO ENSINO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SULCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINEP - FINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOSFUNDECT - FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO ENSINO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SULsem informaçãosem informaçãosem informaçã

Simian malaria at two sites in the Brazilian Amazon - II: Vertical distribution and frequency of anopheline species inside and outside the forest

An anopheline survey was carried out in two simian malaria areas in the Brazilian Amazon, Balbina and Samuel, to determine the potential vectors of Plasmodium brasilianum. The most abundant and/or acrodendrophilic anophelines in the forest and the most likely vector were Anopheles mediopunctatus, An. nuneztovari, An. oswaldoi, An. triannulatus and An. shannoni. An. darlingi and An. marajoara were captured essentially in anthropic habitats outside the forest and are unlikely to be involved in the transmission of P. brasilianum among monkeys within the forests and from monkeys to man in their surroundings in the Amazon

What governs the functional diversity patterns of fishes in the headwater streams of the humid forest enclaves: environmental conditions, taxonomic diversity or biotic interactions?

The relationship between functional and taxonomic diversity is a major issue in ecology. Biodiversity in aquatic environments is strongly influenced by environmental gradients that act as dispersion and niche barriers. Environmental conditions act as filters to select functional traits, but biotic interactions also play a role in assemblage structure. In headwater streams, the relationship between functional and taxonomic diversity remains unclear. In this study we investigated how environmental conditions, taxonomic diversity and biotic interactions influence the spatial distribution of traits and functional diversity in stream fish species. Standardized sampling of fish species was carried out in 50 m sections of 16 streams located in rainforest enclaves in a semiarid region of Brazil (Caatinga biome). The functional diversity indices displayed different responses to the predictor variables used. Functional richness was mainly influenced by environmental conditions, while functional evenness was mostly determined by taxonomic diversity. On the other hand, functional dispersion was explained by a combination of environmental conditions and taxonomic diversity. The spatial distribution of fish species with the same functional traits was random, indicating that biotic interactions are not a strong predictor in these ecosystems. Channel width, pH and substrate were the most important variables in the spatial distribution of the functional traits of the fish species. Our results suggest that the functional structure of fish assemblages in headwater streams depends mainly on environmental conditions and taxonomic diversity. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht