Proyecto de intervención para prevenir el ciberacoso en la adolescencia

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el fenómeno del ciberacoso, también conocido como ciberbullying. Debido al aumento continuado, entre los adolescentes, de esta problemática es importante conocer el fenómeno e intervenir. A continuación, se presenta las características, los roles implicados, los factores de riesgo y las consecuencias del ciberacoso. Así como, un proyecto de intervención que tiene como objetivo disminuir los casos de ciberacoso concienciando, formando y sensibilizando a la comunidad educativa. Por consiguiente, el proyecto va dirigido a alumnos del 1º Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, a los padres/madres/tutores del alumnado y al profesorado de los centros educativos. Finalmente, se realizan una serie de consideraciones que abordan el papel del Trabajo Social y la importancia de intervenir

A content analysis of thinspiration, fitspiration, and bonespiration imagery on social media

Background: On social media, images such as thinspiration, fitspiration, and bonespiration, are shared to inspire certain body ideals. Previous research has demonstrated that exposure to these groups of content is associated with increased body dissatisfaction and decreased self-esteem. It is therefore important that the bodies featured within these groups of content are more fully understood so that effective interventions and preventative measures can be informed, developed, and implemented. Method: A content analysis was conducted on a sample of body-focussed images with the hashtags thinspiration, fitspiration, and bonespiration from three social media platforms. Results: The analyses showed that thinspiration and bonespiration content contained more thin and objectified bodies, compared to fitspiration which featured a greater prevalence of muscles and muscular bodies. In addition, bonespiration content contained more bone protrusions and fewer muscles than thinspiration content. Conclusions: The findings suggest fitspiration may be a less unhealthy type of content; however, a subgroup of imagery was identified which idealised the extremely thin body type and as such this content should also be approached with caution. Future research should utilise qualitative methods to further develop understandings of the body ideals that are constructed within these groups of content and the motivations behind posting this content

Inflammatory response in mixed viral-bacterial community-acquired pneumonia

BACKGROUND: The role of mixed pneumonia (virus+bacteria) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been described in recent years. However, it is not known whether the systemic inflammatory profile is different compared to monomicrobial CAP. We wanted to investigate this profile of mixed viral-bacterial infection and to compare it to monomicrobial bacterial or viral CAP. METHODS: We measured baseline serum procalcitonin (PCT), C reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count in 171 patients with CAP with definite etiology admitted to a tertiary hospital: 59 (34.5%) bacterial, 66 (39.%) viral and 46 (27%) mixed (viral-bacterial). RESULTS: Serum PCT levels were higher in mixed and bacterial CAP compared to viral CAP. CRP levels were higher in mixed CAP compared to the other groups. CRP was independently associated with mixed CAP. CRP levels below 26 mg/dL were indicative of an etiology other than mixed in 83% of cases, but the positive predictive value was 45%. PCT levels over 2.10 ng/mL had a positive predictive value for bacterial-involved CAP versus viral CAP of 78%, but the negative predictive value was 48%. CONCLUSIONS: Mixed CAP has a different inflammatory pattern compared to bacterial or viral CAP. High CRP levels may be useful for clinicians to suspect mixed CAP

An end-user pipeline for scrapping and visualizing semi-structured data over the Web

The Web is a vast source of semi-structured data sets that are made readily available to support the construction of new knowledge. Information visualization techniques have been demonstrated a suitable alternative for allowing users to analyze and understand a large amount of data. However, the steps required for visualizing semi-structured data obtained from the Web is not straightforward, and it requires proper treatment before information visualization techniques could be applied. In this work, we present a visualization pipeline for describing the fundamental operations required for visualizing semi-structured data over the Web. For that, we employ Web Scrapping and Web Augmentation techniques for supporting interactive visualizations and solving tasks without changing the context of use of the data. Our approach is duly supported by a framework including scrapping, augmenting and visualization tools and it has been applied to different kinds of websites to demonstrate its validity and feasibility. Our ultimate goal is to expand the limits of our technology for improving the user interaction with websites and creating new experiences for better understanding large data sets.Publicado en Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNCS, vol. 11496)Laboratorio de Investigación y Formación en Informática Avanzad

Inflammatory response in mixed viral-bacterial community-acquired pneumonia

BACKGROUND: The role of mixed pneumonia (virus + bacteria) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been described in recent years. However, it is not known whether the systemic inflammatory profile is different compared to monomicrobial CAP. We wanted to investigate this profile of mixed viral-bacterial infection and to compare it to monomicrobial bacterial or viral CAP. METHODS: We measured baseline serum procalcitonin (PCT), C reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count in 171 patients with CAP with definite etiology admitted to a tertiary hospital: 59 (34.5%) bacterial, 66 (39.%) viral and 46 (27%) mixed (viral-bacterial). RESULTS: Serum PCT levels were higher in mixed and bacterial CAP compared to viral CAP. CRP levels were higher in mixed CAP compared to the other groups. CRP was independently associated with mixed CAP. CRP levels below 26 mg/dL were indicative of an etiology other than mixed in 83% of cases, but the positive predictive value was 45%. PCT levels over 2.10 ng/mL had a positive predictive value for bacterial-involved CAP versus viral CAP of 78%, but the negative predictive value was 48%. CONCLUSIONS: Mixed CAP has a different inflammatory pattern compared to bacterial or viral CAP. High CRP levels may be useful for clinicians to suspect mixed CAP

An End-User Pipeline for Scraping and Visualizing Semi-Structured Data over the Web

International audienceThe Web is a vast source of semi-structured datasets that are made readily available to support the construction of new knowledge. Information visualization techniques have been demonstrated as a suitable alternative for allowing users to analyze and understand a large amount of data. However, the steps required for visualizing semi-structured data obtained from the Web is not straightforward, and it requires proper treatment before information visualization techniques could be applied. In this work, we present a visualization pipeline for describing the fundamental operations required for visualizing semi-structured data over the Web. We employ Web Scraping and Web Augmentation techniques for supporting interactive visualizations and solving tasks without changing the context of use of the data. Our approach is duly supported by a framework including scraping-, augmenting- and visualization-tools and it has been applied to different kinds of websites to demonstrate its validity and feasibility. Our ultimate goal is to expand the limits of our technology for improving the user interaction with websites and creating new experiences for a better understanding of large datasets

An End-User Pipeline for Scraping and Visualizing Semi-Structured Data over the Web

International audienceThe Web is a vast source of semi-structured datasets that are made readily available to support the construction of new knowledge. Information visualization techniques have been demonstrated as a suitable alternative for allowing users to analyze and understand a large amount of data. However, the steps required for visualizing semi-structured data obtained from the Web is not straightforward, and it requires proper treatment before information visualization techniques could be applied. In this work, we present a visualization pipeline for describing the fundamental operations required for visualizing semi-structured data over the Web. We employ Web Scraping and Web Augmentation techniques for supporting interactive visualizations and solving tasks without changing the context of use of the data. Our approach is duly supported by a framework including scraping-, augmenting- and visualization-tools and it has been applied to different kinds of websites to demonstrate its validity and feasibility. Our ultimate goal is to expand the limits of our technology for improving the user interaction with websites and creating new experiences for a better understanding of large datasets

Synthesis, structure and hydroformylation activity of monomer rhodium and iridium pyrimidine thiolate complexes

The reaction of dinuclear [M(μ-Cl)(COD)]2 (M = Rh, Ir) with mercaptopyrimidine and its methylated derivatives affords monomeric complexes. Depending on the nature of the solvent used, the pyrimidine behaves as both a monodentate ligand, bonded to the metal directly through the sulfur atom, and as a bidentate ligand, bonded to the metal atom through both the sulfur and a nitrogen atom, acting as a chelating ligand. Reaction of these complexes with CO yields dicarbonyl complexes through displacement of the COD ligand. Displacement of one of the CO molecules occurs in the presence of PPh3. Both rhodium and iridium phosphinated complexes may accept a second PPh3 molecule within their coordination sphere, with no displacement of the remaining CO ligand. Thiolate rhodium complexes have proved to be good catalysts in the hydroformylation reaction of 1-heptene in the presence of PPh3. The donor capacity of mercaptopyrimidine ligands has been correlated with the activity of the catalysts tested. In the present work, an increase in ligand basicity gave rise to a faster reaction. However, no significant modifications in the distribution of the final products were observed.We thank Prof. R. A. Andersen, University of California, Berkeley for his help and F. J. Hollander, of CHEXRAY, University of California, Berkeley for the crystal structure of Rh3A. We also acknowledge financial support from CICYT under Project QUI98-0877

Model rhodium organometallic complexes as catalyst precursors for CO hydrogenation

Trabajo presentado en el 12th International Congress on Catalysis, celebrado en Granada (España) del 09 al 14 de julio del 2000.Hydroxo and methoxo organometallic rhodium complexes [Rh(μ-OX)(COD)]2 (X=H, OMe) have been anchored on supports such as SiO2, TiO2-SiO2 and zeolite HY and they have been used as catalysts for the syngas reaction providing moderate good yield in oxygenated products. Their behaviour is compared with early-late heterobimetallic μ-oxo model complexes [Cp*Ti(μ3-O)3 {Rh(COD)}3] under different reaction conditions.Peer reviewe

A pyrimidine thiolate Rh(I) complex: Structure, bonding and one-dimensional interactions in solid and in solution

The reaction of [Rh(µ-Cl)(COD)]2 with 4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidinethiolate (Me2-pymt) and subsequent substitution of COD by CO yields [Rh(Me2-pymt)(CO)2]. The stacking pattern found in this compound is in contradiction with previously studied comparable square-planar complexes of type d8-[M(chelate)(monodentate)2] in which each ligand has different π-acidic character. A theoretical study of the intermolecular interactions and conformation of the title compound has been carried out, combining semi-empirical band calculations on the real chains and ab initio (MP2 level) calculations on a model dimer. The combination of electronic and steric effects determines the rotation of the successive monomers and the deviation from linearity of the one-dimensional stacks. Its behaviour in solution is also special, developing a blue colour and forming micelles, when adding water to acetone solutions.Financial support to this work was provided by DGI (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología) through grant BQU2002-04033-C02-01. Allocation of computer time at Centre de Supercomputació de Catalunya (CESCA) funded by the Universitat de Barcelona and Fundació Catalana per a la Recerca is gratefully acknowledged