Aproximación a los primeros auxilios: revisión bibliográfica

Los primeros auxilios están siempre presentes en nuestra vida diaria. A veces se muestran, pero en otras muchas no es necesario poner en práctica sus técnicas. Los propios primeros auxilios constituyen una serie de habilidades y actitudes que abarcan diferentes ámbitos de los seres humanos, y es importante el papel que juegan en cada uno de ellos. A partir de esta premisa, se realiza una labor de búsqueda y análisis en diferentes bases de datos sobre los primeros auxilios en cuatro direcciones o ejes (educación, deporte, salud y actividad física), con el objetivo principal de conocer la realidad que subyace en el término de primeros auxilios. Con este Trabajo Fin de Máster, se pretende acercar los primeros auxilios a diferentes focos de población, como es el ámbito educativo o del deporte, con la idea de hacer de los primeros auxilios un elemento que centre el mayor de los intereses posible.Máster en Investigación en Ciencias Sociales. Educación, Comunicación Audiovisual, Economía y Empres

Propuesta didáctica basada en el aprendizaje cooperativo para tratar la conflictividad interpersonal en el aula de Educación Física en Primaria

Se lleva a cabo una propuesta de intervención docente que surge de las necesidades y características de un grupo concreto y real, que presenta una problemática ligada a las relaciones sociales que se dan entre el alumnado de este grupo. Ante tal situación, se elabora esta propuesta educativa que parte del Aprendizaje Cooperativo, con la intención de superar las necesidades existentes. Es responsabilidad de un buen docente detectar problemas y, en la medida de lo posible, elaborar estrategias de acción que permitan corregir la problemática. Con la propuesta de intervención educativa recogida en este Trabajo Fin de Grado, el alumnado aprenderá a trabajar desde una perspectiva cooperativa, en la que nadie sea más importante que todo el grupo y donde sea necesario desarrollar una serie de actitudes y hábitos orientados hacia el respeto y la comprensión.Grado en Educación Primari

Mecanismos reguladores de la apoptosis, inflamación y de la transición epitelio-mesénquima: Intervención terapéutica en la enfermedad renal experimental

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología. Fecha de lectura: 18-09-201

TNF Superfamily: A Growing Saga of Kidney Injury Modulators

Members of the TNF superfamily participate in kidney disease. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Fas ligand regulate renal cell survival and inflammation, and therapeutic targeting improves the outcome of experimental renal injury. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL and its potential decoy receptor osteoprotegerin are the two most upregulated death-related genes in human diabetic nephropathy. TRAIL activates NF-kappaB in tubular cells and promotes apoptosis in tubular cells and podocytes, especially in a high-glucose environment. By contrast, osteoprotegerin plays a protective role against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Another family member, TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK induces inflammation and tubular cell death or proliferation, depending on the microenvironment. While TNF only activates canonical NF-kappaB signaling, TWEAK promotes both canonical and noncanonical NF-kappaB activation in tubular cells, regulating different inflammatory responses. TWEAK promotes the secretion of MCP-1 and RANTES through NF-kappaB RelA-containing complexes and upregulates CCl21 and CCL19 expression through NF-kappaB inducing kinase (NIK-) dependent RelB/NF-kappaB2 complexes. In vivo TWEAK promotes postnephrectomy compensatory renal cell proliferation in a noninflammatory milieu. However, in the inflammatory milieu of acute kidney injury, TWEAK promotes tubular cell death and inflammation. Therapeutic targeting of TNF superfamily cytokines, including multipronged approaches targeting several cytokines should be further explored

A polymeric nanomedicine diminishes inflammatory events in renal tubular cells

The polyglutamic acid/peptoid 1 (QM56) nanoconjugate inhibits apoptosis by interfering with Apaf-1 binding to procaspase-9. We now describe anti-inflammatory properties of QM56 in mouse kidney and renal cell models. In cultured murine tubular cells, QM56 inhibited the inflammatory response to Tweak, a non-apoptotic stimulus. Tweak induced MCP-1 and Rantes synthesis through JAK2 kinase and NF-kB activation. Similar to JAK2 kinase inhibitors, QM56 inhibited Tweak-induced NF-kB transcriptional activity and chemokine expression, despite failing to inhibit NF-kB-p65 nuclear translocation and NF-kB DNA binding. QM56 prevented JAK2 activation and NF-kB-p65(Ser536) phosphorylation. The anti-inflammatory effect and JAK2 inhibition by QM56 were observed in Apaf-12/2 cells. In murine acute kidney injury, QM56 decreased tubular cell apoptosis and kidney inflammation as measured by downmodulations of MCP-1 and Rantes mRNA expression, immune cell infiltration and activation of the JAK2-dependent inflammatory pathway. In conclusion, QM56 has an anti-inflammatory activity which is independent from its role as inhibitor of Apaf-1 and apoptosis and may have potential therapeutic relevance.This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (www.isciii.es), FIS: PI07/0020, CP08/1083, PS09/00447 and ISCIII-RETICS REDINREN RD 06/0016; Sociedad Española de Nefrología (www.senefro.org). Álvaro Ucero, Sergio Berzal and Carlos Ocaña supported by Fundacion Conchita Rabago (www.fundacionconchitarabago.net), Alberto Ortiz by the Programa de Intensificación de la Actividad Investigadora in the Sistema Nacional de Salud of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the Agencia ‘‘Pedro Lain Entralgo’’ of the Comunidad de Madrid and CIFRA S-BIO 0283/2006 www.madrid.org/lainentralgo) and Adrián Ramos, by FIS (Programa Miguel Servet)

Authoring of probabilistic sequencing in adaptive hypermedia with bayesian networks

One of the difficulties that self-directed learners face on their learning process is choosing the right learning resources. One of the goals of adaptive educational systems is helping students in finding the best set of learning resources for them. Adaptive systems try to infer the students’ characteristics and store them in a user model whose information is used to drive the adaptation. However, the information that can be acquired is always limited and partial. In this paper, the use of Bayesian networks is proposed as a possible solution to adapt the sequence of activities to students. There are two research questions that are answered in this paper: whether Bayesian networks can be used to adaptively sequence learning material, and whether such an approach permits the reuse of learning units created for other systems. A positive answer to both question is complemented with a case study that illustrates the details of the process

Authoring of Probabilistic Sequencing in Adaptive Hypermedia with Bayesian Networks

Abstract: One of the difficulties that self-directed learners face on their learning process is choosing the right learning resources. One of the goals of adaptive educational systems is helping students in finding the best set of learning resources for them. Adaptive systems try to infer the students ’ characteristics and store them in a user model whose information is used to drive the adaptation. However, the information that can be acquired is always limited and partial. In this paper, the use of Bayesian networks is proposed as a possible solution to adapt the sequence of activities to students. There are two research questions that are answered in this paper: whether Bayesian networks can be used to adaptively sequence learning material, and whether such an approach permits the reuse of learning units created for other systems. A positive answer to both question is complemented with a case study that illustrates the details of the process

QM56 and JAK2 inhibition negatively regulate Tweak-induced p65 phosphorylation.

<p><b>A</b>) Tweak phosphorylates p65. MCT cells were treated with 100 ng/ml Tweak for the indicated times and phosphorylation of p65 in the Ser536 analyzed by Western blot. Representative figure of three individual experiments. <b>B</b>) QM56 and JAK2 inhibition prevent p65 phosphorylation. MCT cells were treated with 100 ng/ml Tweak for 3 h in the absence or in the presence of QM56 or AG490 (AG) added 1 h before the cytokine. Phosphorylated p65 was analyzed by Western blot. The figure shows a representative experiment and quantitation as Mean±SD of five independent experiments (*p<0.01 vs Control, **p<0.05 vs Tweak). <b>C</b>) QM56 and AG490 (AG) inhibit p65(Ser536) phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. MCT cells were treated as in B. Phospho-p65(Ser536) was studied by confocal microscopy. Arrows indicate representative cells with nuclear location of phospho-p65(Ser536) which are shown in detail in a merged green-propidium iodide image inset.</p